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Climate Crisis Facts and Dangers

Global Warming
Introduction, Facts, Causes, Data
& Consequences, Adaptation and
Solution.

Introduction
• Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of
the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th
century and its projected continuation
• An increase in global temperature will cause sea levels to
rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation,
probably including expansion of subtropical deserts. The
continuing retreat of glaciers ,permafrost and sea ice is
expected, with warming being strongest in the Arctic.
• Other likely effects include increases in the intensity of extreme
weather events, species and extinction , and changes
in agricultural yields.

Cause of global warming
• Almost 100% of the observed temperature increase over the
last 50 years has been due to the increase in the atmosphere of
greenhouse gas concentrations like water vapour, carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane and ozone.
• Greenhouse gases are those gases that contribute to the
greenhouse effect. The largest contributing source of
greenhouse gas is the burning of fossil fuels leading to the
emission of carbon dioxide.

Greenhouse Emission

Some Facts
• Human population x 4 in 100 years
• It took 10000 generations of human beings to reach
2B
• We have tripled that in less that one lifetime

Some Facts
• A crisis in the relationship
between human civilization
and planet earth.
• Through the emission of
Green House Gases we are
creating Global Warming .
• The principles are quite
simple :

A reality in pictures
• If a picture is worth a
thousand words …
• Before the warming: Glacier
National Park, USA 1932
• After the warming: Glacier
National Park, USA 1988

A reality in pictures
• Before the warming: Peru, 1980
• After the warming: Peru, 2002

A reality in pictures
• Before the warming:
Kilimanjaro, 1970
• After the warming:
Kilimanjaro, 2000

A reality in pictures
• Before the warming:
Nepal, 1978
• After the warming: Nepal, 2004

A reality in pictures
• Even more obvious from
space, this pictures of the
North Polar cap from NASA
show a melting of 25% in 25
years:

Some unequivocal data
• At the end of 2002, the concentration of carbon dioxide was just above
370ppm.
• This is probably the highest in at least 400,000 years

Some unequivocal data
• The Human Effect

Some unequivocal Data
• The number of category 4 and 5 hurricanes has almost
doubled in the last 30 years.2
• Malaria has spread to higher altitudes in places like the
Colombian Andes, 7,000 feet above sea level.3
• The flow of ice from glaciers in Greenland has more than
doubled over the past decade.4
• At least 279 species of plants and animals are already
responding to global warming, moving closer to the poles.5

Some unequivocal Data
• Every country bears its share of responsibility, The USA being
number one.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Source: Footprint Network

No more doubts
• The International scientific community now unequivocally admits
that humanity is very likely to be responsible for Global warming 1.
• The Last report of the UN was produced by some 600 authors
from 40 countries. Representatives from 113 governments
reviewed and revised the Summary line-by-line before adopting it
and accepting the report in Paris, February 2, 2007.

The Consequences of sticking to „Business As
Usual”
• Global sea levels could rise by more than 20 feet with
the loss of shelf ice in Greenland and
Antarctica, devastating coastal areas worldwide.7.
• The arctic ocean could be ice free in summer by 2050.8.
• Heat waves will be more frequent and more intense.
• Droughts and wildfires will occur more often.

The Consequences of sticking to „Business As
Usual”
• More than a million species worldwide could be driven to
extinction by 2050 and half of all species of life on Earth could
be extinct within a 100 years . (today 12% of the birds, 25%
of the mammals,32% of the amphibians are directly
threatened) 9.
• Coral Reefs: Warmer oceans and increased UV radiation
contribute to massive coral reef die-offs.
• Fishing: 90% of the large fish in the world‟s ocean are already
gone (Nature Magazine)
• Dead zones: low-oxygen areas in the world‟s ocean support
no marine life. 146 dead zones in the world‟s oceans (UN
Environment Programme, 2004)
• The income gap between the richest and poorest people on
Earth is likely to continue to increase due to the depletion of
natural resources.

The Consequences of sticking to „Business As
Usual”
• The Stern Report 10 :
“Our actions over the coming few decades could create
risks of major disruption to economic and social
activity, later in this century and in the next, on a scale
similar to those associated with the great wars and the
economic depression of the first half of the 20th
century.”
“One percent of global GDP is required to be invested a
year in order to mitigate the effects of climate
change, and that failure to do so could risk global GDP
being up to twenty percent lower than it otherwise
might be”

Adaptation
• Adaptation to global warming consists of initiatives and measures to
reduce the vulnerability of natural and human systems against actual or
expected climate change effects This is in distinction to the mitigation of
global warming
• A wide variety of measures have been suggested for adaptation to
global warming. These measures range from the trivial, such as the
installation of air-conditioning equipment, to
major infrastructure projects, such as abandoning settlements
threatened by sea level rise .
• Measures including water conservation, water rationing adaptive
agricultural practices, construction of flood defenses Martian
colonization , changes to medical care,[ and interventions to
protect threatened species have all been suggested.

Necessity for adaptation
• Because of the current and projected climate disruption
precipitated by high levels of greenhouse gas emissions by the
industrialized nations, adaptation is a necessary strategy at all
scales to complement climate change mitigation efforts
because we cannot be sure that all climate change can be
mitigated.
• And indeed the odds are quite high that in the long run more
warming is inevitable, given the geologic evidence of the past's
most similar glacial / interglacial cycle which happened about
400,000 years ago.

Adaptation Mechanism
• The effects of climate change vary by region.
• The effects of climate change may vary across demographic groups.
• Climate change poses both risks and opportunities.
• The effects of climate change must be considered in the context of
multiple stressors and factors, which may be as important to the
design of adaptive responses as the sensitivity of the change.
• Adaptation comes at a cost.
• Adaptive responses vary in effectiveness, as demonstrated by current
efforts to cope with climate variability.
• The systemic nature of climate impacts complicates the development
of adaptation policy.
• Maladaptation can result in negative effects that are as serious as the
climate-induced effects that are being avoided.
• Many opportunities for adaptation make sense whether or not the
effects of climate change are realized.

Solution
• We have the technology and ingenuity to reduce the threat of
global warming today.
• By investing in renewable energy and energy efficiency, and
increasing the efficiency of the cars we drive, we can take
essential steps toward reducing our dependence on oil and
other fossil fuels that cause global warming.
• Using energy more efficiently and moving to renewable energy
(wind, solar, geothermal, and bioenergy) would significantly
reduce our emissions of heat-trapping gases.
• Since the burning of fossil fuels releases large amounts of
carbon dioxide—the leading cause of global warming—but
renewable energy does not, increasing the share of our
electricity generated from renewable resources is one of the
most effective ways to reduce global warming emissions.

Solution
• Cars and trucks are another significant source (25 percent) of
U.S. carbon dioxide emissions. A serious effort to address
global warming must therefore reduce emissions from cars and
trucks. American consumers would save billions of dollars on
gasoline, and we would reduce our dependence on foreign oil.
• By putting energy efficiency, renewable energy, and vehicle
technology solutions in place at the federal level, we can
reduce our contribution to global warming while creating a
stronger, healthier, and more secure nation.

We cannot let this happen!
• It is a human reaction to turn to defeatism in front of such a huge
issue but this is where we need to show determination.
• Collectively, we have the power to shape events and the global
economy.
• We owe it to ourselves, our families, our companies and the
world.
• This is no time for small change this is time for a global revolution
• Here in Silicon Valley we have much to contribute.

OUR COMBINED EFFORT CAN SAVE THE
EARTH FROM GLOBAL WARMING

Presented By
TOM JOSE

THANK YOU