3. CONTENTS
• Brief Bio of Angkor Wat
• Historical
• Structure and layout of the
building monuments and
ornamentation
• Types of materials
• Other informations
4. CITY OF TEMPLE
• It is the largest religious monument in the world.
• “Angkor” means city ; “Wat” means temple.
• Located at Siem Reap Province, Cambodia.
• Is one of the important archaeological sites in South-
East Asia.
5. • Size: 208 Hectares.
• Angkor Wat was built in the first half of the
12th century (113-5BC) by King Suryavarman
II, dedicated to Vishu (Hindu).
• This construction time of the temple was
almost 30 years.
6. • Angkor Wat is the best preserved, is an architectural
masterpiece. Its perfection in composition, balance,
proportions, relief's and sculpture make it one of the
finest monuments in the world.
• In 1992, according to the cultural heritage, ANGKOR
WAT enrolled by United Nation, UN into World
Heritage.
• So, UNESCO has set up a wide-ranging programmed
to safeguard this symbolic site and its surroundings.
8. Khmer Empire
• Began in the 9th century.
• The first King of the empire was JayavarmanⅡ.
• He proclaimed Cambodia’s independence from Java.
• In year 802, he established his state to be a King.
Jayavarman Ⅱ
9. After the several generation of the
King’s efforts, in the early 12th
century, Khmer Empire expansion
into most of the territory of Thailand.
Each generation of kings also built
their own temple to memory them .
10. Suryavarman Ⅱ
• In the first half of the 12th century, Khmer Empire was
dominated by King of Cambodia, SuryavarmanⅡ and moved
to Angkor.
• By killed his uncle Dharanindravarman I.
• Because he dominated the empire from illegal means, so, he
need to consolidate his prestige.
• And last, he built Angkor Wat.
• Whose immense architectural realization of Angkor Wat was
to mark the apogee of classical Khmer.
Suryavarman Ⅱ
11. In 1177, approximately 27 years after the death of
Suryavarman II, Angkor was sacked by the Chams, the
traditional enemies of the Khmer. Thereafter the
empire was restored by a new king, Jayavarman VII,
who established a new capital and state temple
Angkor Thom and the Bayon respectively.
Henri Mouhot popularised the temple in the west in
the mid 19th-century. In the late 13th century, Angkor
Wat gradually moved from Hindu to Theravada
Buddhist use, which continues to the present day.
12. Angkor Abandoned
• In 1431 year, Siam broken Zhenla capital of
Angkor. Zhenla moved the capital to Phnom
Penh.
• Angkor Wat abandoned by Khmer and the
temple slowly covered by the forest.
• Many years ago, some Khmer’s hunters went into
the forest to hunt and accidentally discovered
Angkor Wat.
• 16 century, the temple is known as Angkor Wat.
13. Angkor Wat after the Khmer Empire
• In 1860, the French led an expedition into the heart
of Cambodia attempting, inspired by the European
hunger for exploration and discovery.
• Since the mid-1800s Europe and the West have
been spellbound by the ancient city of Angkor Wat.
• The French pioneered an Angkor Wat restoration
project in 1908 that continues to this day.
15. The Overall Plan of Angkor Wat
MOAT
FOREST
WEST
GOPURA
EAST
GOPURA
NORTH GAPURA
SOUTH GAPURA
LILY POND
CAUSEWAY
SANCTUARY
16. SANCTUARY
• Built on 3 levels.
• First level consists of an open gallery, with the
inner wall continuously covered with bas-relief
depicting scenes from the Mahabharata, the
Ramayama and other stories from the Hindu
pantheon.
• A flight of stairs leads to the second level which
is less ornate, and a very steep stairway leads up
to the top level with its central sanctuary.
18. First Level
• Is a open gallery
• -Battle of Lanka
-Battle of Kurukshetra
-The Grand Army
-Heavens and Hells
-Battle of Gods and Demons
-Victory of Vishun over Asuras
-Victory of Krishna
-Churming of the sea of milk
• Inside also have some figure of Buddha.
19. Battle of Lanka Battle of Kurukshetra
The Grand Army Heavens and Hells
20. Churming of the sea of milk
Battle of Gods and Demons Victory of Vishun over Asuras
Victory of Krishna
21. There are two library at the
first level. One at north site
and another one at south
site.
At Angkor Wat, there are
many Hindu statue without
head. It was because they
were stolen.
27. Laterite
• Angkor Wat’s foundation is made up of laterite.
• Laterite is a red , porous soil that contain a high
iron content.
• It is found in hot and wet tropical environments.
• Builders formed the laterite into bricks, which dried
when exposed to air.
• The temple’s outer wall also made up by laterite.
28. Sandstone Buildings Blocks
• Is the main building material for Angkor Wat’s walls and towers.
• Identified the types of sandstone is based on the color, texture,
chemical composition and mineral content.
• Gray to yellow-brown stone , red sandstone and green greywacke
are hard sandstone.
• Transported from Mount Kulen .
• Water, bat droppings, weathering, trees, algae, lichens will
damaged the stone.
29. Timber
• Timber was used for non-religious buildings such as, pavilions and
dwellings.
• Due to the perishable nature of timber, there are very few
examples of wood building remains at Angkor.
• The remains of only a few door lintels and timber supports can be
noted today in some of the gopuras (door of temple).
30. Metalwork
• To tie stone blocks together and possibly for
sheets of metal used to line some sanctuary
walls.
• Used to attach some type of wall covering.
31. Stucco
• Used as a finish materials on the brick
monuments in Angkor.
• Made by lime and a coarse sand.
• Is very durable and adheres well to the brick
wall.
33. • Angkor Wat used to be one of the Seven
wonders of the world.
• But not anymore.
• Tomb Raider was a 2001 action film.
• There was a part framed in Angkor Wat.
