Reported Speech

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    1. Indirect Speech: Tense Changes Rumors and Gossip 10 Focus on Grammar 4 Part X, Unit 26 By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ Wells Copyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.`
    2. Rumors and Gossip Larisa said that the new teacher had given all the students an A last semester. Really! Viktor told me that students could eat in his class. No, what is it? Have you heard the latest gossip about the new teacher? Wow! Yeah, I heard he was an easy teacher. Maria said that the new teacher didn’t give any homework.
    3. Indirect Speech 1 When the reporting verb is in the simple past, the verb tense in the indirect speech statement often changes .  Simple Past  Past Progressive  Past Perfect  Past Perfect Simple Present Present Progressive Simple Past Tense Present Perfect Indirect Speech Direct Speech
    4. Examples 1 “ The teacher is strict.” She said the teacher was strict. “ The teacher is giving everyone an A.” He said the teacher was giving everyone an A.
    5. Examples 2 “ Somebody put the final exam on the Internet.” She said somebody had put the final exam on the Internet. “ The teacher has graded our grammar tests.” Joe said the teacher had graded our grammar tests.
    6. Practice 1
      • 1. “The library is closed.” He said…
      • 2. “We have registered for classes.” They said…
      • 3. “She got an A on the test.” You said…
      Change the direct speech into indirect speech. “ My friend is helping me study.” She said… Example : She said her friend was helping her study. He said the library was closed . They said they had registered for classes. You said she had gotten an A on the test.
    7. Indirect Speech 2 Modals often change in indirect speech.  would  could  might  had to will can may must Indirect Speech Direct Speech
    8. Examples 1 “ The test will be difficult.” He said the test would be difficult. She said we could use our notes on the test. “ You can use your notes on the test.”
    9. Examples 2 She said we had to study hard for the final exam. “ You must study hard for the final exam.” “ We may have a substitute teacher.” She said we might have a substitute teacher.
    10. Practice 2
      • 1. “We ’ll help you with your homework.” They said…
      • 2. “Anna must finish her paper.” He said…
      • 3. “She may take a different class.” You said…
      Change the direct speech into indirect speech. “ You can relax about the exam.” She said… Example : She said I could relax about the exam. They said they would help me with my homework. He said Anna had to finish her paper. You said she might take a different class.
    11. Indirect Speech 3 The following modals do not change in indirect speech: should, could, might, and ought to. “ You shouldn’t tell this secret to anyone.” She said I shouldn’t tell this secret to anyone. “ You ought to tell this to a friend.” ! He said I ought to tell this to a friend.
    12. Indirect Speech 4 “ I could have gotten help from a tutor.” He said he could have gotten help from a tutor. He said if he had studied, he would have gotten an A. “ I thought I had chosen the easy teacher.” “ If I had studied, I would have gotten an A.” He said he thought he had chosen the easy teacher. The following do not change in indirect speech: the past perfect, the present and past unreal conditional, and past modals.
    13. Practice 3
      • 1. “If I knew, I would tell you.” She said…
      • 2. “I might have known the test was difficult.” He said…
      • 3. “She had had that teacher before.” We said…
      Change the direct speech into indirect speech. “ We ought to study some more.” He said… Example : He said we ought to study some more. She said if she knew , she would tell me. He said he might have known the test was difficult. We said she had had that teacher before.
    14. References Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and its licensors. All rights reserved.
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