Radio lecture for Media and Communication Industries - QUT

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    Radio lecture for Media and Communication Industries - QUT - Presentation Transcript

    1. Radio Media and Communication Industries Semester 2, 2008 Professor Terry Flew Guest Lecture
    2. The Australian Radio Industry
      • 257 commercial AM/FM broadcasting stations
      • ABC: 58 metropolitan and regional radio stations + 4 national radio networks (Radio National, Classic FM, NewsRadio, Triple J)
      • Two SBS stations
      • 350+ community radio stations
      • 3500+ high power and low power narrowcasting radio services
    3. Radio: When Do You Listen?
      • getting ready for work/uni?
      • going to work/uni?
      • at work/uni?
      • on your way home?
      • while studying?
      • while at home doing nothing?
      • when partying?
    4. % of people using the media through the day (weekdays)
    5. “Accidental History” of Radio
      • origins of radio in telegraphy (Raymond Williams)
      • radio initially dominated by experimenters: “sealed set” radio in Australia
      • radio in 1920s becomes broadcast medium and mass consumer durable
      • radio as listening or communicating?
    6. Radio in the 1930s
      • 1924 legislation: ‘A’ and ‘B’ class stations massive growth
        • 1924 1 200 licences
        • 1932 370 000 licences
        • 1939 1 130 000 licences
      • ‘ A’ class stations becomes ABC in 1932: financed by licence fees
      • ‘ B’ class stations become commercial stations in 1930s
      • ABC listeners as “highbrow”//commercial listeners as “lowbrow”?
    7. Commercial Radio in the 1930s and 1940s
      • important role of American advertising agencies (eg. J. Walter Thompson)
      • sponsorship and brand identification ( Wrigley’s Dad and Dave began in 1937)
      • emergence of ratings (McNair begins 1937)
      • push to national networks
    8. Impact of Television - 1950s and 1960s
      • TV launched in Sydney and Melbourne in 1956 - radio audiences initially decline
      • Radio reinvented as a niche portable music and information medium
        • ‘ Top 40’ stations
        • Sports
        • Talk-back
      • Radio stations develop particular brands/personalities
    9. Radio after TV: Why Radio Survives
      • low costs of technology and staff
      • immediacy and instant access
      • programs can target market segments
      • can treat issues in more depth
      • can be used in cars, when travelling etc.
      • diverse range of station types
      • can have strong local perspective
      • cheap for consumers to buy (38m radio receivers in Australia, or two for every one person)
    10. Use of different media by age
    11. Changes in 1970s and 1980s
      • increased Australian music quota: 25% 1976
      • public broadcasting, 2JJ and ethnic radio stations commence
        • 25 community stations by 1980
        • 65 community stations by 1985
      • FM radio commences 1980
    12. Commercial FM Radio
      • commences in 1980
      • very successful and profitable
      • sophisticated audience research
      • male/female split in audiences
      • keeping a young audience:
        • event/stunt radio
        • “shock jocks”
    13.  
    14. Ratings shares 2008
    15. Share by Age Group 2008
    16. Talkback radio
    17. The ‘Voice’ of Talkback
      • male
      • authoritative
      • opinionated
      • certain
      • familiar
      • intimate
      • populist
    18. The Method of Talkback
      • Rewarding those who agree
      • Lampooning critics
      • Managed participation
        • Story selection
        • Call selection
        • Ordering
        • Interruptions
        • ‘ the dump’
        • After-call commentary
    19. ‘ Cash-for-Comment’
      • John Laws (2UE) deal with Australian Bankers Association ($1.2m for ‘The Whole Truth’) revealed on ABC Media Watch 12 July 99
      • Australian Broadcasting Authority (ABA) announced intention to investigate Laws and other talkback announcers (eg. Alan Jones 2UE) 15 July 99
    20. Talkback Radio and ‘Media Influence’ Debates
      • Tendency to treat radio as ‘less influential’ than newspapers and television
      • Characteristics of medium: immediacy, scope for interaction, diverse range of issues, strong listener loyalty
      • Characteristics of talkback hosts: loyal audiences, persuasive techniques, concentrated appeal to particular demographics
    21. Triple J
      • Commenced in 1975 as Double Jay in Sydney
      • Went national in 1990 - gradual rollout across Australia
      • Proved very popular in Brisbane, Perth and regional areas (10% Brisbane audience share in mid-1990s)
      • Unearthed and festival circuit important to developing national reach
    22. Community Broadcasting
      • First developed in mid-1970s
      • Has continued to grow over 1980s and 1990s
      • Intended to promote ‘access’ and ‘participation’
      • Governed by ‘community’ representatives
        • Geographical
        • Interest-based
    23. Growth in Australian community broadcasters
    24. Brisbane community broadcasters
      • 4RPH – radio for print handicapped
      • 4FRB – Christian (96.5)
      • 4EB – ethnic broadcasting
      • 4AAA – Indigenous media
      • 4ZZZ – alternative/politically radical
      • 4MBS – fine music
    25. Internet Broadcasting
      • Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB)
      • Digitisation of radio
        • Production, storage, reproduction, editing
        • Online distribution of radio content
        • Use of Internet and wireless devices to receive radio
      • Why Internet radio?
        • Specialised services
        • Global reach
        • Availability
        • Multi-platform capabilities
      • U.S.: Growth of satellite radio
    26. Podcasting
      • Generic term (derived from Apple iPod) for downloading of audio files onto PCs or personal music players
      • Popularised over 2004, as an extension of first-person blogs
      • Radio stations have picked up on the potential of podcasting e.g. BBC, ABC (Radio National, Triple J)
      • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasting
      • http://www.abc.net.au/triplej/listen/podcast.htm
    27. Conclusion
      • ‘ Death of radio’ gets predicted a lot
      • ‘ Unbundling’ of radio is happening
      • Podcasting gives new life to formats that haven’t rated highly e.g. documentary
      • Australia has been a world leader in community radio

    + Terry FlewTerry Flew, 2 years ago

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