Just the Facts… With the increase in gas prices and the importance of education, many college instructors are turning to online course management systems to replace some or all “seat time”. This session discusses and covers the issues instructors face in the development of online materials including different learning styles and ADA compliancy.

With the increase in gas prices and the importance of education, many college instructors are turning to online course management systems to replace some or all “seat time”. This session discusses and covers the issues instructors face in the development of online materials including different learning styles and ADA compliancy.

About Your Cast… Terry Patterson, M.S. Information Technology Director of Distance Learning at South Arkansas Community College Leader of Arkansas’ Blackboard Users Group (ArBug) Six years experience in online course administration and development Make sure you ask him how much did he win or lose in Las Vegas. Mary Kirk, M.Ed. Adult Education Adult Education Instructor at North Central Career Center 14 years of experience working with adult learning disabilities Named as Arkansas Adult Education Teacher of the Year, 2006 Ask her to see a picture of her furry children.

Terry Patterson, M.S. Information Technology

Director of Distance Learning at South Arkansas Community College

Leader of Arkansas’ Blackboard Users Group (ArBug)

Six years experience in online course administration and development

Make sure you ask him how much did he win or lose in Las Vegas.

Mary Kirk, M.Ed. Adult Education

Adult Education Instructor at North Central Career Center

14 years of experience working with adult learning disabilities

Named as Arkansas Adult Education Teacher of the Year, 2006

Ask her to see a picture of her furry children.

Instructor Expectations Instructors should be the following: Information Counselors Facilitators of Individualized Learning Electronic Instruction Specialist Recipients of Continuing Education about Electronic Instruction

Instructors should be the following:

Information Counselors

Facilitators of Individualized Learning

Electronic Instruction Specialist

Recipients of Continuing Education about Electronic Instruction

Instructor Expectations Participants in corresponding research related to technological change International facilitators of development and information

Participants in corresponding research related to technological change

International facilitators of development and information

Contrasting Different Instruction Types Traditional distance education programs used items like study guides or generic readings. (MGM Handbook) Many today use similar styles including static powerpoints and worksheets with online users. (MGM, Handbook)

Traditional distance education programs used items like study guides or generic readings. (MGM Handbook)

Many today use similar styles including static powerpoints and worksheets with online users. (MGM, Handbook)

Contrasting Different Instruction Types Research into students’ learning habits indicate that students vary in the way they learn. (Flannery, 1993) Learning styles are sometimes based on ethnic, gender, and/or generational traits. (Anderson & Bell, 1994)

Research into students’ learning habits indicate that students vary in the way they learn. (Flannery, 1993)

Learning styles are sometimes based on ethnic, gender, and/or generational traits. (Anderson & Bell, 1994)

Contrasting Different Instruction Types While researchers continue to review why users learn in different ways, using differing methods of content delivery has proven successful for many instructors.

While researchers continue to review why users learn in different ways, using differing methods of content delivery has proven successful for many instructors.

Content Based Definition Interaction between the student user(s) and the content given by the instructor(s) For many distance education students, who are studying in an asynchronous mode, the learner-content interaction is the primary voice they hear through their studies.

Interaction between the student user(s) and the content given by the instructor(s)

For many distance education students, who are studying in an asynchronous mode, the learner-content interaction is the primary voice they hear through their studies.

Content Based Definition This interaction should not be lecture-based, but a conversational discussion between the presenter and the student. These discussions should normally be scripted and written in advance of the recording, either visual or audible.

This interaction should not be lecture-based, but a conversational discussion between the presenter and the student.

These discussions should normally be scripted and written in advance of the recording, either visual or audible.

Content Based Examples Podcasting My Trivia Podcast – Example Videos Created With Camtasia Studio Blackboard Login

Podcasting

My Trivia Podcast – Example

Videos Created With Camtasia Studio

Blackboard Login

Instructor Based Definition Interaction between student(s) and the instructor(s) in either asynchronous or synchronous modes. Many instructors see an increase in workload in online courses because of this type of interaction. However, recent studies indicate that this is not the case.

Interaction between student(s) and the instructor(s) in either asynchronous or synchronous modes.

Many instructors see an increase in workload in online courses because of this type of interaction. However, recent studies indicate that this is not the case.

Instructor Based Definition Researchers advise instructors that "it should not be a question or more or less work than in the classroom, but rather getting better quality out of the same effort." (MGM, Handbook) The learner-teacher interaction is optimized when students feel the instructor is available at any point and any time.

Researchers advise instructors that "it should not be a question or more or less work than in the classroom, but rather getting better quality out of the same effort." (MGM, Handbook)

The learner-teacher interaction is optimized when students feel the instructor is available at any point and any time.

Instructor Based Examples YouTube Video Terry on YouTube Email or Virtual Office Hours Blackboard example

YouTube Video

Terry on YouTube

Email or Virtual Office Hours

Blackboard example

Learner Based Definition Interaction between the student community where learning occurs in a collaborative of cooperative manner. Research shows that adult and professional learners “benefit from interaction with others with common professional concerns and aspirations.”

Interaction between the student community where learning occurs in a collaborative of cooperative manner.

Research shows that adult and professional learners “benefit from interaction with others with common professional concerns and aspirations.”

Learner Based Definition Most researchers agree that "our instructional designs [should] promote interactions that are pedagogically grounded and produce enough learning to justify restrictions on student's temporal independence.“

Most researchers agree that "our instructional designs [should] promote interactions that are pedagogically grounded and produce enough learning to justify restrictions on student's temporal independence.“

Learner Based Examples Virtual Classroom Discussion Board Online Groups/Social Networking ( http://www.cubstub.com/elgg/ )

Virtual Classroom

Discussion Board

Online Groups/Social Networking ( http://www.cubstub.com/elgg/ )

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Visual disabilities Blindness/Visual Impairments Legal Blindness occurs whenever visual acuity is less than 20/200 in the better eye with corrective lenses. Visual field restriction to 20 degrees diameter or less (tunnel vision) in the better eye. Blindness can be temporary or permanent.

Visual disabilities

Blindness/Visual Impairments

Legal Blindness occurs whenever visual acuity is less than 20/200 in the better eye with corrective lenses.

Visual field restriction to 20 degrees diameter or less (tunnel vision) in the better eye.

Blindness can be temporary or permanent.

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Visual Dyslexia Dyslexia is an inherited condition that makes it extremely difficult to read, write, and spell in your native language—despite at least average intelligence. A personal story about a student with dyslexia

Visual Dyslexia

Dyslexia is an inherited condition that makes it extremely difficult to read, write, and spell in your native language—despite at least average intelligence.

A personal story about a student with dyslexia

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Other visual disabilities Irlen Syndrome, also known as Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome, is a brain function disorder that impedes the brains ability to deal with light and/or written text. Eye disorders which affect vision, such as cataracts, glaucoma, etc.

Other visual disabilities

Irlen Syndrome, also known as Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome, is a brain function disorder that impedes the brains ability to deal with light and/or written text.

Eye disorders which affect vision, such as cataracts, glaucoma, etc.

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Auditory disabilities Deafness/Hearing Impaired partial or complete hearing loss. Levels of hearing impairment vary from a mild but important loss of sensitivity to a total loss of hearing. Can sometimes be corrected with hearing aids

Auditory disabilities

Deafness/Hearing Impaired

partial or complete hearing loss. Levels of hearing impairment vary from a mild but important loss of sensitivity to a total loss of hearing.

Can sometimes be corrected with hearing aids

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Auditory dyslexia Inability to hear separate sounds of words in someone with normal hearing Students with this do not hear soft vowels and softer consonants Auditory Dyslexics hear only bits and pieces of oral language, not whole words Tone Deafness

Auditory dyslexia

Inability to hear separate sounds of words in someone with normal hearing

Students with this do not hear soft vowels and softer consonants

Auditory Dyslexics hear only bits and pieces of oral language, not whole words

Tone Deafness

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Dysgraphia A specific developmental disability that affects the person's ability to write. Problems may include fine-motor muscle control of the hands and/or processing difficulties. Dyscalculia specific developmental disability affecting a person's ability to conceptualize and perform mathematics.

Dysgraphia

A specific developmental disability that affects the person's ability to write. Problems may include fine-motor muscle control of the hands and/or processing difficulties.

Dyscalculia

specific developmental disability affecting a person's ability to conceptualize and perform mathematics.

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Physical disabilities Cerebral palsy Nerve damage Muscular dystrophy Paraplegic/quadriplegic Traumatic Brain Injury Asperger’s Syndrome Other mobility impairments

Physical disabilities

Cerebral palsy

Nerve damage

Muscular dystrophy

Paraplegic/quadriplegic

Traumatic Brain Injury

Asperger’s Syndrome

Other mobility impairments

Basic ADA Compliance Issues Attention disabilities ADHD with and without Hyperactivity Inattention Impulsive Hyperactive Careless mistakes Mental Health Disorders Depression Bi-Polar Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Attention disabilities

ADHD with and without Hyperactivity

Inattention

Impulsive

Hyperactive

Careless mistakes

Mental Health Disorders

Depression

Bi-Polar

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

More Specific Compliance Issues Content Based Examples Challenges Content based materials are normally written word materials. Many students who struggle with details will struggle with this type of material. Accommodations Multimodal Delivery Closed captioning videos Transcripts of videos Audio files of written material

Content Based Examples

Challenges

Content based materials are normally written word materials.

Many students who struggle with details will struggle with this type of material.

Accommodations

Multimodal Delivery

Closed captioning videos

Transcripts of videos

Audio files of written material

More Specific Compliance Issues Instructor Based Examples Challenges Many again are written words; some are podcasts and videos. Again, students who are outside of “normal” will struggle Accommodations Multimodal Instruction Closed Captioned Videos & Transcripts for Videos More than just lectures Audio for written materials “ Chunking” materials

Instructor Based Examples

Challenges

Many again are written words; some are podcasts and videos.

Again, students who are outside of “normal” will struggle

Accommodations

Multimodal Instruction

Closed Captioned Videos & Transcripts for Videos

More than just lectures

Audio for written materials

“ Chunking” materials

More Specific Compliance Issues Learner Based Examples Challenges Presenting student material in a format where all students can access and benefit from the information. Students who struggle with disabilities will have trouble working collectively in this environment. Accommodations Text to speech software & Screen reader Grade rubric flexibility Ability to complete assignments in alternative formats

Learner Based Examples

Challenges

Presenting student material in a format where all students can access and benefit from the information.

Students who struggle with disabilities will have trouble working collectively in this environment.

Accommodations

Text to speech software & Screen reader

Grade rubric flexibility

Ability to complete assignments in alternative formats

Items for Online & Blended Instruction Hardware Recommended Hardware Requirements (IBM) 1.5 GHz Processor 512 RAM 20 GB Hard Drive CD/RW Burner Broadband Internet Connection 17” Monitor with 1028 x 768 Screen Resolution Self Amplified Stereo Speakers Cost : $500 -- $1000

Hardware

Recommended Hardware Requirements (IBM)

1.5 GHz Processor

512 RAM

20 GB Hard Drive

CD/RW Burner

Broadband Internet Connection

17” Monitor with 1028 x 768 Screen Resolution

Self Amplified Stereo Speakers

Cost : $500 -- $1000

Items for Online & Blended Instruction Hardware Recommended Hardware Requirements (Mac) G4 Processor 1.42 GHz 512 RAM 20 GB Hard Drive CD/RW Burner Broadband Internet Connection 17” Monitor with 1028 x 768 Screen Resolution Self Amplified Stereo Speakers Cost : $700 -- $1600

Hardware

Recommended Hardware Requirements (Mac)

G4 Processor 1.42 GHz

512 RAM

20 GB Hard Drive

CD/RW Burner

Broadband Internet Connection

17” Monitor with 1028 x 768 Screen Resolution

Self Amplified Stereo Speakers

Cost : $700 -- $1600

Items for Online & Blended Instruction Multimedia Players/Creators VLC – VideoLAN – video/flash player Audacity – audio mixing VirtualDub Windows Movie Maker Adobe Premiere Wildvoice Studio – Podcasting Creator Camtasia Studio

Multimedia Players/Creators

VLC – VideoLAN – video/flash player

Audacity – audio mixing

VirtualDub

Windows Movie Maker

Adobe Premiere

Wildvoice Studio – Podcasting Creator

Camtasia Studio

Items for Online & Blended Instruction Communications Software Wimba Pronto Pidgin Yahoo Messenger Skype Note issue with networks

Communications Software

Wimba Pronto

Pidgin

Yahoo Messenger

Skype

Note issue with networks

Items for Online & Blended Instruction Accessories Items Headphones/Headset Microphone Mixer Video Camera Webcam Digital Camera

Accessories

Items

Headphones/Headset

Microphone

Mixer

Video Camera

Webcam

Digital Camera

References Anderson, T. (2007). Modes of Interaction. In Moore M. G. (Ed.) Handbook of Distance Education . 2 nd Ed. (pp. 219-232). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Bradford, J. (1997). Designing Webpages for Dyslexic Readers. Retrieved October 2, 2008 from http://www.dyslexic-parent.com/mag35.html. Jordan, D. R. (1996) Teaching Adults With Learning Disabilities. Malibar, FL: Kreiger Publishing Co. Naidu,S. (2007). Instructional Designs for Optimal Learning. In Moore M. G. (Ed.) Handbook of Distance Education . 2 nd Ed. (pp. 219-232). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Anderson, T. (2007). Modes of Interaction. In Moore M. G. (Ed.) Handbook of Distance Education . 2 nd Ed. (pp. 219-232). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Bradford, J. (1997). Designing Webpages for Dyslexic Readers. Retrieved October 2, 2008 from http://www.dyslexic-parent.com/mag35.html.

Jordan, D. R. (1996) Teaching Adults With Learning Disabilities. Malibar, FL: Kreiger Publishing Co.

Naidu,S. (2007). Instructional Designs for Optimal Learning. In Moore M. G. (Ed.) Handbook of Distance Education . 2 nd Ed. (pp. 219-232). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

References Resource Guide for Individuals with Vision Difficulties and Impairments . (2008) Retrieved October 2, 2008 from http://www.microsoft.com/enable/guides/vision.aspx. Shearer, R. (2007). Instructional Design and the Technologies: An Overview. In Moore M. G. (Ed.) Handbook of Distance Education . 2 nd Ed. (pp. 219-232). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Sonbucher, G. M. (1991). Help Yourself: How to Take Advantage of Your Learning Style. Syracuse, NY: New Readers Press.

Resource Guide for Individuals with Vision Difficulties and Impairments . (2008) Retrieved October 2, 2008 from http://www.microsoft.com/enable/guides/vision.aspx.

Shearer, R. (2007). Instructional Design and the Technologies: An Overview. In Moore M. G. (Ed.) Handbook of Distance Education . 2 nd Ed. (pp. 219-232). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Sonbucher, G. M. (1991). Help Yourself: How to Take Advantage of Your Learning Style. Syracuse, NY: New Readers Press.

References White, B. & Bridwell, C. (1998). Distance Learning Techniques. In Galbraith, M. W. (ed.) Adult Learning Methods. 2 nd Ed. (pp.389-403). Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing Company. Zoints, L. &Baker, P. (1997). Inclusion & Diversity: Powerful Words with Power Meaning. In Zoints, P. (Ed.) Inclusion Strategies for Students with Learning & Behavorial Problems. (pp. 339-368). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.

White, B. & Bridwell, C. (1998). Distance Learning Techniques. In Galbraith, M. W. (ed.) Adult Learning Methods. 2 nd Ed. (pp.389-403). Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing Company.

Zoints, L. &Baker, P. (1997). Inclusion & Diversity: Powerful Words with Power Meaning. In Zoints, P. (Ed.) Inclusion Strategies for Students with Learning & Behavorial Problems. (pp. 339-368). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.