Social Groups BBA-L03-21/8/08 Welcome Class

Today’s Objectives To Clarify the Concept meaning and definition of Social Groups. To discus the Function, Characteristics and Importance of Social Groups. To Spell out the Various types of Social Groups, Primary Group, Secondary Group, and Reference Group etc.

To Clarify the Concept meaning and definition of Social Groups.

To discus the Function, Characteristics and Importance of Social Groups.

To Spell out the Various types of Social Groups, Primary Group, Secondary Group, and Reference Group etc.

Definitions of Social Group What is Social Group? “ A Social Group is given aggregate of people playing interrelated roles and recognized by themselves or other as a unit of interaction.” (William. R.M.) “ Whenever two or more individuals come together and influence one another, they may be said to constitute a social Group.” (Ogburn and Nimkoff) “ By Group we mean any collection of Social beings, who enter into distinctive Social relationships with one another.” (MacIver, R.M)

What is Social Group?

“ A Social Group is given aggregate of people playing interrelated roles and recognized by themselves or other as a unit of interaction.” (William. R.M.)

“ Whenever two or more individuals come together and influence one another, they may be said to constitute a social Group.” (Ogburn and Nimkoff)

“ By Group we mean any collection of Social beings, who enter into distinctive Social relationships with one another.” (MacIver, R.M)

( Continue ) Definitions of Social Group “ A Social Group thus grows out of and requires a situation which permits meaningful inter-stimulation and meaningful response between the individuals involved, common focusing of attention on common stimulation or interest and he development of certain common drives, motivations or emotions.” (Gillin and Gillin) “ Any Group is constituted by fact that there is some interest which holds its members together.” (Edward Sapir) “ A Social Group may be thought of as a number of persons two or more who have some common objects of attention, who are stimulating each other, who have common loyalty and participate in similar activities.” (Bogadus, E.S)

“ A Social Group thus grows out of and requires a situation which permits meaningful inter-stimulation and meaningful response between the individuals involved, common focusing of attention on common stimulation or interest and he development of certain common drives, motivations or emotions.” (Gillin and Gillin)

“ Any Group is constituted by fact that there is some interest which holds its members together.” (Edward Sapir)

“ A Social Group may be thought of as a number of persons two or more who have some common objects of attention, who are stimulating each other, who have common loyalty and participate in similar activities.” (Bogadus, E.S)

S atisfaction of Basic Desires and Needs. S ense of protection. T ransformation of Social Heredity. P rojection of Peculiar Ideas. S atisfaction of Sentiment of Self Projection. H elpful in achieving in Common Objectives. (Individuals, Community, Social) S ocial Organization. S ocial Formation and Training. Functions of Social Groups

S atisfaction of Basic Desires and Needs.

S ense of protection.

T ransformation of Social Heredity.

P rojection of Peculiar Ideas.

S atisfaction of Sentiment of Self Projection.

H elpful in achieving in Common Objectives. (Individuals, Community, Social)

S ocial Organization.

S ocial Formation and Training.

Characteristics of Social Group T he minimum number required for the Group is Two, but Group can be very larger as well. T he social interaction is existed among the Group members. T he Group is Formed to Achieve certain Goals. A mong the Group members the Common ways of interaction are existed. E very Group has certain Laws and Principles which are considered obligatory for Every Group member. I n every Group there is found particular Social Organization under which there is One Leader who looks after the Affairs of the Group. O ne person can be a member of more than One Group.

T he minimum number required for the Group is Two, but Group can be very larger as well.

T he social interaction is existed among the Group members.

T he Group is Formed to Achieve certain Goals.

A mong the Group members the Common ways of interaction are existed.

E very Group has certain Laws and Principles which are considered obligatory for Every Group member.

I n every Group there is found particular Social Organization under which there is One Leader who looks after the Affairs of the Group.

O ne person can be a member of more than One Group.

Types of Groups Primary Group A) What is Primary Group? Cooley has rightly said “ By primary groups I mean those Characterized by intimate face-to-face association and co-operation. They are primary in several senses but chiefly in that they are fundamental in forming the Social nature and Ideals of the individuals. The result of the intimate association is a certain fusion of individualities in a common whole, so that once very safely for many purposes at least is the common life and purposes of the Group. Perhaps the simplest way of describing this wholeness is by saying that it is a ‘We’ it involves the sort of sympathy and mutual identification for which we is the natural expression.”

Primary Group

A) What is Primary Group?

Cooley has rightly said “ By primary groups I mean those Characterized by intimate face-to-face association and co-operation. They are primary in several senses but chiefly in that they are fundamental in forming the Social nature and Ideals of the individuals. The result of the intimate association is a certain fusion of individualities in a common whole, so that once very safely for many purposes at least is the common life and purposes of the Group. Perhaps the simplest way of describing this wholeness is by saying that it is a ‘We’ it involves the sort of sympathy and mutual identification for which we is the natural expression.”

Characteristics of Primary Group There are following External Characteristics of the Primary Group. Physical Closeness among the members Small Size Stability Continuity in the Relations There are following Internal Characteristics of the Primary Group. Common Names among the Members Relationships are Ends in themselves The Relationships of members are Spontaneous Members have Personal Relations Relations of the members are Inclusive Maximum Control on the Members

Characteristics of Primary Group

There are following External Characteristics of the Primary Group.

Physical Closeness among the members

Small Size

Stability

Continuity in the Relations

There are following Internal Characteristics of the Primary Group.

Common Names among the Members

Relationships are Ends in themselves

The Relationships of members are Spontaneous

Members have Personal Relations

Relations of the members are Inclusive

Maximum Control on the Members

C) Importance of Primary Groups Development of Personality Increase in Efficiency Satisfactions of Psychological Needs

C) Importance of Primary Groups

Development of Personality

Increase in Efficiency

Satisfactions of Psychological Needs

Secondary Group What is Secondary Group? 1. “Secondary Groups are those that are relatively casual and impersonal in their relationship. Because secondary Groups make only specialized demands on the Person, they receive only a segment of his time and attention. Relationships in them are usually competitive rather than mutually helpful.”

What is Secondary Group?

1. “Secondary Groups are those that are relatively casual and impersonal in their relationship. Because secondary Groups make only specialized demands on the Person, they receive only a segment of his time and attention. Relationships in them are usually competitive rather than mutually helpful.”

Characteristics of Secondary Group B) The characteristics of a secondary group throw light on its nature. The chief characteristics are as follows: Position of a member depends upon his role. Individuality in Persons. Self-dependence among Members. C) Importance of Secondary Group Satisfaction of very Personal Needs and Desires Fulfillment of economic Needs Satisfaction of the Desire of Self projection

B) The characteristics of a secondary group throw light on its nature. The chief characteristics are as follows:

Position of a member depends upon his role.

Individuality in Persons.

Self-dependence among Members.

C) Importance of Secondary Group

Satisfaction of very Personal Needs and Desires

Fulfillment of economic Needs

Satisfaction of the Desire of Self projection

Reference Group A. What is Reference Group? “ A Group of Social category that is influential in shaping beliefs, attitudes and values.” “ A Person's reference groups are typically those major social groups or categories to which he belongs.” B. Characteristics of Reference Group The Reference shape the individual's beliefs. The Reference groups influence the attitudes of members. The reference Group shape the Values of the Members.

A. What is Reference Group?

“ A Group of Social category that is influential in shaping beliefs, attitudes and values.”

“ A Person's reference groups are typically those major social groups or categories to which he belongs.”

B. Characteristics of Reference Group

The Reference shape the individual's beliefs.

The Reference groups influence the attitudes of members.

The reference Group shape the Values of the Members.

C. Importance of Reference Group I t fulfills Our Psychological Needs I t fulfills Our Social Needs I t gives Safe Passage and Refuge to determine our Role and Status in Society

C. Importance of Reference Group

I t fulfills Our Psychological Needs

I t fulfills Our Social Needs

I t gives Safe Passage and Refuge to determine our Role and Status in Society

Distinction between a Primary and Secondary S ize N ature of Relationship I nclusive and Exclusive Relations N ature of Purposes I mportance for Society R ural and Urban Nature I nclusion of External Groups D etermination of Individuals Position S cope Specification P romotion of Certain Qualities C ontrolling Force

S ize

N ature of Relationship

I nclusive and Exclusive Relations

N ature of Purposes

I mportance for Society

R ural and Urban Nature

I nclusion of External Groups

D etermination of Individuals Position

S cope Specification

P romotion of Certain Qualities

C ontrolling Force

Classification of Social Groups According to Various Sociologists Cooley (a) Primary Groups (b) Secondary Groups Sumner (a) In Groups (b) Out Group 3. Giddings (a) Public (b) Private Ward (a) Volunteer (b) Involuntary

Cooley

(a) Primary Groups

(b) Secondary Groups

Sumner

(a) In Groups

(b) Out Group

3. Giddings

(a) Public

(b) Private

Ward

(a) Volunteer

(b) Involuntary

Thank You, Goodbye Till Next Class