PRESENT PERFECT

Have you ever eaten insects? Present Perfect/already/yet Present Perfect vs Past tense By Profr. Jose M. Jaramillo S. February, 2008 Have you ever seen a ghost? Have you ever had an accident?

The present perfect is often used for an action which started at some time in the past, and is still continuing now. Example: When do we use the PRESENT PERFECT ? I lived in USA in 2001 Now, I live in Mexico (2008) PAST TENSE PRESENT TENSE I have lived in USA PRESENT PERFECT TENSE You refer to an specific action in the past and is important in the present

To form the PRESENT PERFECT you need to remember that in English we have two kinds of verbs in this tense, Regular Verbs and Irregular Verbs . Regular Verbs Add –ed to the regular vebs Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end of a word, doble the consonant Stop-stop ped Shop-shop ped One –e at the end of the verb: Leave the –e and add –d Love- lov ed Save-sav ed Verbs ending in –y preceded by a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) add -ed Play- play ed Change the –y if there is a consonant before and add –ed Suty-Stud ied

REGULAR VERBS

Want/Wanted/wanted Talk/Talked/talked Open /opened/opened Close/closed/closed

Walk/walked/walked Play /played/played Listen/listened/listened Jump/jumped/jumped

Watch/watched/watched Dance/danced/danced Cry/cried/cried Clean/cleaned/cleaned

Wait/waited/waited Climb/climbed/climbed Work/worked/worked Play/played/played

Cook/cooked/cooked Call/called/called Study/studied/studied Share/shared/shared

Push/pushed/pushed Pull/pulled/pulled Fix/fixed/fixed

Colour/coloured/coloured Wash/washed/washed Ask/asked/asked

Irregular Verbs With the Irregular Verbs some of them change completly. Example: Present Past Participle GO WENT GONE

IRREGULAR VERBS

Win/won/won Give/gave/given Find/found/found Break/broke/broken

Take/took/taken Think/thought/thought Cut/cut/cut Buy/bought/bought

Read/read/read Write/wrote/writen Sleep/slept/slept Run/ran/run

Fly/flew/flown Take/took/taken a bath Eat/ate/eaten Drink/drank/drunk

Swim/swam/swum Make/made/made Fight/fought/fought Speak/spoke/spoken

Ride/rode/ridden Sing/sang/sung Go/went/gone Come/came/come

Drive/drove/driven Do/did/done homework Wake up/woke up/woken up

Look for the Past Participle form of the following verbs in your list. PAST PAST PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE 1. Drive 10.-forget 2. Take 11.- make 3.- run 12.- write 4.- do 13.- buy 5.- leave 14.- ring 6. Go 15.- sing 7. get 16.- bring 8. Eat 17.- read 9.- see 18.- hear

We form the Present Perfect with the auxiliar have or has and the past participle of the verb Form of the Present Perfect Pronouno or Subject Auxiliar Verb in Participle Complement I have visited San Francisco twice. You have gone To Tampico once. Juan has studied English in the University. Martha has cleaned her room twice in this week. My dog has eaten a lot today. Luis and Mike have done All the exercises in the class. The group have worked too hard this day. We have been practicing English today. I have seen a ghost in my house.

To form the Negative Form we just need to add NOT to the auxiliar. have not = haven’t has not = hasn’t NEGATIVE FORM I haven’t played soccer in this team. Carlos hasn’t gone to Houston. Sandra hasn’t met a famous actor. We haven’t worked here since 2001. AFIRMATIVE FORM I have played soccer in this team. Carlos has gone to Houston. Sandra has met a famous actor. We have worked here since 2001 .

COMPLETE THE CHART WRITING THE VERBS IN PAST TENSE AND PARTICIPLE. COMPLETE THE STATEMENTS WRITING THE VERBS IN PARENTHESIS IN PARTICIPLE A. My mother _______________________ a delicious dinner. (prepare) B. Susan and Carlos ____________________ to Europe twice this year. (go) C. I _____________________ a ghost (not/see) D. The teacher _____________________ the students with their homework. (help) E. Maria ____________________ a great picture in the school. (paint) F. We _____________________ money for our wedding. (not/save) G. Rayados ______________________ a soccer match. (win) H. Luis _____________________ all the questions in the exam. (not/answer) J. I ______________________ in this company since 2001. (work) K. My parents _____________________ to Tampico. (travel) PRESENT SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE BE WAS/WERE BEEN ANSWER DO DID EAT EATEN GO WENT MAKE MADE HAVE HAD TELL TOLD WORK WORKED WRITE WROTE

YES / NO QUESTIONS YES/NO QUESTIONS Afirmative Negative Have you ever ridden a horse? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t Have you ever eaten frog’s legs? Yes, I have already eaten. No, I haven’t eaten yet. Have you ever copied in an exam? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he ever gone to Tampico? Yes, he has No, he hasn’t Has Mary ever had an acciden? Yes, she has already had it. No, she hasn’t had it yet.

Contractions I have I’ ve You have You’ ve She has She’ s He has He’ s It has It ’s They have They’ ve We have We’ ve You have You’ ve I have not I haven’t You have not You haven’t She has not She hasn’t He has not He hasn’t It has not It hasn’t They have not They haven’t We have not We haven’t You have not You haven’t

Let’s practice with some copies!

When do we use FOR and SINCE?

We use for with a period of time, for example:

For a few days,

for half an hour

for two years.

For a year

For three hours

We use since with the time when the action started, for example:

Since last year

Since June 8th

Since I met you

Since I started the course

Since last week

Exercise. Decide if you need for or since with these time expressions. LAST WEEKEND TEN SECONDS CHRISTMAS EVE A DECADE I FINISHED SCHOOL A COUPLE OF DAYS MY BIRTHDAY A LONG TIME TEN CENTURIES THE 70’s I WAS A BOY AUGUST THE LAST MONTH FIFTEEN YEARS THE ACCIDENT THEN

Exercise. Do we use for or since with the following time references?.