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Designing and evaluating mobile personal
            and urban informatics applications for
            public transport.




            Tamara Chahine
            Honours June 2011
                                1
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Today
        TripStats: Public transport research project

        Background to Urban and Personal Informatics

        Research aims, objectives

        Significance and motivation

        Concept

        Methodology

        Evaluation
                                     2
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Aim
          To determine how the principles of personal and
          urban informatics can be applied in the design of
             a mobile application to enrich the customer
             experience of public transport in Sydney by
            improving usability and accessibility of travel
                            information.




                                 3
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
TripStats

                             4
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
TripStats
       A mobile
       application for
       collecting and
       visualising
       personalised trip
       information.


                           5
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Goals for design

        Enrich the customer experience of public transport


        Make information about train travel more visible


        Encourage new forms of social interaction




                                    6
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Cultural Probes          Participatory Design




                         Prototyping           Deployment
                                       7
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Data & visualisation

        For data collection and visualisation, context
        matters.




        No context, no value in the display information




                                     8
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Social Interaction
        People liked learning something new about their
        travel habits.



        People enjoyed comparing themselves to others.



        Incorporating social + gaming interactions could be
        valuable to explore.


                                    9
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Designing Mobile Personal Informatics
                      Applications for Urban Settings




                         Digital Cities 7 - Real World Experiences
                           International Workshop at C&T 2011
                                  Thursday 30 June 2011
                                      Brisbane, Australia

                                             10
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Background

                              11
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Urban informatics


                 “collection, classification, storage,
              retrieval and dissemination of recorded
                         knowledge in a city”



         [1] Foth, M. Handbook of Research on Urban Informatics: The Practice and Promise of the RealTime City. IGI
                                       Global: (2009) Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.

                                                             12
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Biketastic: Sensing
     and Mapping
     for Better
     Biking
        Biketastic helps bikers find
        good routes and collect data
        to improve them


             [1] Reddy, S., Shilton, K. Denisov, G., Cenizal, C., Estrin, D. and Srivastava, M. Biketastic: Sensing and
                            Mapping for Better Biking. In Proc. CHI 2010, Springer (2010), 1817-1820.

                                                                 13
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Personal informatics

           “A class of tools that help people collect
            personally relevant information for the
              purpose of self-reflection and self-
           monitoring. These tools help people gain
            self-knowledge about one's behaviors,
                    habits, and thoughts.”


                         [1] Personal Informatics: http://personalinformatics.org/
                                                     14
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
EnergyWiz
         Motivating domestic
         energy conservation
         through comparative,
         community-based
         feedback in mobile and
         social media


        [1] Petkov, P., Köbler, F., Foth, M., & Krcmar, H. Motivating domestic energy conservation through comparative,
                 community-based feedback in mobile and social media. In Proc. C&T 2011, ACM Press (2011)
                                                               15
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Honours

                            16
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Research aim

        To determine how the principles of personal and
         urban informatics can be applied in the design
         of a mobile application to enrich the customer
           experience of public transport in Sydney by
          improving usability and accessibility of travel
                          information.



                                17
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Questions
          How can the visualisation of aggregated user-
              generated data combined with existing
         information such as timetable data leverage the
                     reliability of information?

            What kind of insights can people gain from
          sharing and social contrasting of personal data
                       about travel habits?


                                 18
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Objectives
             Background research - framing my research
                      within the design space


                  Design, development and evaluation of a
                            mobile application.

                         Analysis of findings to produce design
                           guidelines for similar applications

                                           19
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Motivation
              Using public transport in Sydney is a mostly
                         negative experience.




                                    20
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Population is growing and infrastructure isnʼt
                               keeping up.




        http://www.smh.com.au/national/off-again-on-again-the-cbd-metro-is-off-again--well-nearly-20100119-mj6k.html




                 http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/smart-machines-on-way-but-still-no-sign-of-
                                                 tickets-20110531-1feql.html

                                                               21
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Traveller information systems have been shown to
                   enhance the usability of public transport




        [1] OneBusAway: Results from Providing Real-Time Arrival Information for Public Transit www.onebusaway.org/

        [2] Field trial of Tiramisu: crowd-sourcing bus arrival times to spur co-design www.tiramisutransit.com/

        [3] TripView: http://www.grofsoft.com/tripview.php
                                                                 22
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Significance
              Provide a starting point for similar-user
              generated interventions to improve the
           experience of public transport through mobile
                           technologies.

            Present findings from design, evaluation and
              results as a series of guidelines for other
            mobile applications in the realm of personal
                        and urban informatics.

                                  23
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Concept

        Digital diary evaluation


        Overall data aggregation


         Personal visualisation and sharing



                                   24
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
25
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Methodology
        Background

        Ideation

        Design & Develop

        Deployment

        Reflection

                           26
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Background research
        TripStats evaluation and paper



        Background research into public transport



        Research into informatics projects


                               27
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Ideation
              Observations in context


             Participatory design session


            Questionnaire


            Define user needs


                                   28
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Design + Development
        Rapid Prototyping: low to high fidelity

        Usability testing

        UX Evaluation

        Evolve to final prototype

                                29
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Deployment study
        3 stages of evaluation

        Stage 1 - Evaluating current experience

        Stage 2 - Aggregating and visualising data

        Stage 3 - Personal data visualisation and
        sharing


                                 30
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Stage 1
        Digital diary application

        Evaluate user experience of catching the bus

        Assess existing access to information about
        bus services


        10 users / 1 week

                               31
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Stage 2
        Aggregating and visualising data

        Digital diary + data collection

        Visualisation + timetable

        System logging

        Focus group

        10 users / 2 weeks
                                 32
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Stage 3
        Personal data visualisation and sharing

        Digital diary + data collection + personal data
        visualisation

        System logging

        Focus group

        10 users / 2 weeks
                                33
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Reflection > Thesis
        Assess whether application was successful in
        achieving research aims

        Analyse results from digital diary, system logs,
        focus groups

        Present design guidelines



                                34
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Timeline




                         35
Wednesday, 8 June 2011
Thank you!
                          Feedback?
                          Questions?
                              36
Wednesday, 8 June 2011

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Tamara Chahine Honours Proposal

  • 1. Designing and evaluating mobile personal and urban informatics applications for public transport. Tamara Chahine Honours June 2011 1 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 2. Today TripStats: Public transport research project Background to Urban and Personal Informatics Research aims, objectives Significance and motivation Concept Methodology Evaluation 2 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 3. Aim To determine how the principles of personal and urban informatics can be applied in the design of a mobile application to enrich the customer experience of public transport in Sydney by improving usability and accessibility of travel information. 3 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 4. TripStats 4 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 5. TripStats A mobile application for collecting and visualising personalised trip information. 5 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 6. Goals for design Enrich the customer experience of public transport Make information about train travel more visible Encourage new forms of social interaction 6 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 7. Cultural Probes Participatory Design Prototyping Deployment 7 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 8. Data & visualisation For data collection and visualisation, context matters. No context, no value in the display information 8 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 9. Social Interaction People liked learning something new about their travel habits. People enjoyed comparing themselves to others. Incorporating social + gaming interactions could be valuable to explore. 9 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 10. Designing Mobile Personal Informatics Applications for Urban Settings Digital Cities 7 - Real World Experiences International Workshop at C&T 2011 Thursday 30 June 2011 Brisbane, Australia 10 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 11. Background 11 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 12. Urban informatics “collection, classification, storage, retrieval and dissemination of recorded knowledge in a city” [1] Foth, M. Handbook of Research on Urban Informatics: The Practice and Promise of the RealTime City. IGI Global: (2009) Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA. 12 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 13. Biketastic: Sensing and Mapping for Better Biking Biketastic helps bikers find good routes and collect data to improve them [1] Reddy, S., Shilton, K. Denisov, G., Cenizal, C., Estrin, D. and Srivastava, M. Biketastic: Sensing and Mapping for Better Biking. In Proc. CHI 2010, Springer (2010), 1817-1820. 13 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 14. Personal informatics “A class of tools that help people collect personally relevant information for the purpose of self-reflection and self- monitoring. These tools help people gain self-knowledge about one's behaviors, habits, and thoughts.” [1] Personal Informatics: http://personalinformatics.org/ 14 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 15. EnergyWiz Motivating domestic energy conservation through comparative, community-based feedback in mobile and social media [1] Petkov, P., Köbler, F., Foth, M., & Krcmar, H. Motivating domestic energy conservation through comparative, community-based feedback in mobile and social media. In Proc. C&T 2011, ACM Press (2011) 15 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 16. Honours 16 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 17. Research aim To determine how the principles of personal and urban informatics can be applied in the design of a mobile application to enrich the customer experience of public transport in Sydney by improving usability and accessibility of travel information. 17 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 18. Questions How can the visualisation of aggregated user- generated data combined with existing information such as timetable data leverage the reliability of information? What kind of insights can people gain from sharing and social contrasting of personal data about travel habits? 18 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 19. Objectives Background research - framing my research within the design space Design, development and evaluation of a mobile application. Analysis of findings to produce design guidelines for similar applications 19 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 20. Motivation Using public transport in Sydney is a mostly negative experience. 20 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 21. Population is growing and infrastructure isnʼt keeping up. http://www.smh.com.au/national/off-again-on-again-the-cbd-metro-is-off-again--well-nearly-20100119-mj6k.html http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/smart-machines-on-way-but-still-no-sign-of- tickets-20110531-1feql.html 21 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 22. Traveller information systems have been shown to enhance the usability of public transport [1] OneBusAway: Results from Providing Real-Time Arrival Information for Public Transit www.onebusaway.org/ [2] Field trial of Tiramisu: crowd-sourcing bus arrival times to spur co-design www.tiramisutransit.com/ [3] TripView: http://www.grofsoft.com/tripview.php 22 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 23. Significance Provide a starting point for similar-user generated interventions to improve the experience of public transport through mobile technologies. Present findings from design, evaluation and results as a series of guidelines for other mobile applications in the realm of personal and urban informatics. 23 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 24. Concept Digital diary evaluation Overall data aggregation Personal visualisation and sharing 24 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 26. Methodology Background Ideation Design & Develop Deployment Reflection 26 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 27. Background research TripStats evaluation and paper Background research into public transport Research into informatics projects 27 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 28. Ideation Observations in context Participatory design session Questionnaire Define user needs 28 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 29. Design + Development Rapid Prototyping: low to high fidelity Usability testing UX Evaluation Evolve to final prototype 29 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 30. Deployment study 3 stages of evaluation Stage 1 - Evaluating current experience Stage 2 - Aggregating and visualising data Stage 3 - Personal data visualisation and sharing 30 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 31. Stage 1 Digital diary application Evaluate user experience of catching the bus Assess existing access to information about bus services 10 users / 1 week 31 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 32. Stage 2 Aggregating and visualising data Digital diary + data collection Visualisation + timetable System logging Focus group 10 users / 2 weeks 32 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 33. Stage 3 Personal data visualisation and sharing Digital diary + data collection + personal data visualisation System logging Focus group 10 users / 2 weeks 33 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 34. Reflection > Thesis Assess whether application was successful in achieving research aims Analyse results from digital diary, system logs, focus groups Present design guidelines 34 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 35. Timeline 35 Wednesday, 8 June 2011
  • 36. Thank you! Feedback? Questions? 36 Wednesday, 8 June 2011