03 abap3-090715081232-phpapp01-100511101016-phpapp02

ABAP Chapter 3
Open SQL
Internal Table

SAP System : 3 Tier Client/Server DB Server SAP Application Server SAP GUI Presentation Server SAP GUI SAP GUI

SAP SYSTEM (3 Tier Architecture) Presentation Layer (Windows based) Application Layer (Windows Server/UNIX) Database Server Database Layer (Windows Server/UNIX) M SAP Instance Oracle Informix DB2 MS SQL Server SAP DB/MaxDB G Dispatcher Request Queue D D B V S E SAP Buffer (Shared Mem) SAP GUI SAP GUI

SAP System : Dialog Processing Database Server Application Server Dispatcher Request Queue D D D D … SAP Buffer Program Table … 1 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 Report zpsm1. Tables customers. Select single * from customers where id = 1. Write: / customers-name. Execute ABAP statement Check Program in Program Buffer 7 Load&Gen Program SQL Request Send List Generate Screen(List) Send Request Request List 2 Search for free WP Store request to queue Send request to WP SAP GUI

Dialog Work Process Architecture TaskHandler DYNPRO Processor ABAP Processor Local Memory Memory Space DB Interface List buffer Database Server Dialog Work Process Result Set Memory

Open SQL
SELECT ...
INSERT ...
UPDATE ...
DELETE ...

DB Interface SAP Application Server Local Memory Dialog WP TaskHandler DB Interface Result Set Database Server ~ 32 KB in length ABAP Processor DYNPRO Memory Space List Buffer

Example Tables in DB
spfli
customers BK NY NY cityto 250 SQ 0110 SQ 540 BK 0402 LH 100 LA 0400 LH distance cityfrom connid carrid London David 3 Singapore Peter 2 New York John 1 city name id

Example Tables in DB sflight 75 20010226 0110 SQ 130 20010228 0400 LH 145 20010110 0400 LH 150 20010101 0400 LH price fldate connid carrid

Select Overview
Select < result > Which Columns?
From < table > Which Table?
Into < destination > Where to place?
Where < condition > Which Lines?

Select Statement
Select multiple records from database
Select single record from database
SELECT * FROM customers. … ENDSELECT. SELECT SINGLE * FROM customers WHERE id = 1. …

Select Multiple Records
Tables spfli.
Seclect * from spfli.
write: / spfli-carrid, spfli-connid,
spf li-cityto.
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
write: / ‘No Data’.
endif.

Dialog WP
Dialog WP
TaskHandler DYNPRO Processor ABAP Processor Database Local Memory Memory Space DB Interface Lis t b uffer Result Set

SELECT Statement Working Steps 1. Transform open SQL to DB SQL and return result set into result set work area SELECT * FROM spfli. … ENDSELECT. SELECT * FROM spfli; 2. Loop with data in result set and transfer each record to work area in memory space SELECT * FROM spfli. … ENDSELECT. Table Structure in Memory Space

Select … Into Table Structure
Tables spfli.
Seclect * from spfli into spfli .
spfli-cityfrom, spfli-cityto.
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
endif.

Select … Into Work Area
Data wa like spfli.
Seclect * from spfli into wa .
write: / wa -carrid, wa -connid,
wa -cityfrom, wa -cityto.
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
endif.

Exercise I customers-id customers-name customers-city

SELECT with WHERE Clause

Loop Processing with Restriction
Tables spfli.
Select * from spfli
where cityfrom = ‘FRANKFURT’.
write: / spfli-carrid, spfli-cityto.
endselect.
If sy-subrc <> 0.
write / ‘no data’.
endif.

Select With Range
Tables sflight.
Select * From sflight
Where price between 100 and 1000.
Write: / sflight-carrid, sflight-connid,
sflight-price.
Endselect.

SELECT … With IN List
Tables sflight.
Select * From sflight
Where price in ( 100, 1000 ).
Write: / sflight-carrid, sflight-connid,
sflight-price.
Endselect.

Select Single Record

Select Single Record
Table s spfli.
Select single * from spfli
where carrid = ‘LH’ and
connid = ‘0400’.
if sy-subrc = 0.
spfli-cityfrom, spfli-cityto.
else.
write: / ‘Data not found’.
endif.

Select Column List

Select * : Example SELECT *

Reading Selected Column
Data: id like customers - id,
name like customers-name,
city like customers-city.
Select id name city
into ( id , name, city )
from customers.
write: / id, name, city .
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
write / ‘No Data found ’.
endif.

Data: begin of wa,
id like customers - id,
city like customers-city,
end of wa.
Select id name city
into wa
from customers.
write: / wa-id, wa-name , wa-city .
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
endif.

Select Column : Example I

Tables customers.
Select id name city
into (customers-id, customers-name, customers-city)
from customers.
write: / customers-id, customers-name, customers-city .
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
endif.

Select Column : Example II

Corresponding Fields of...
Tables: customers.
Select id name city
into corresponding fields of customers
from customers.
Write: / customers-id, customers-name,
customers-city.
Endselect.

Select Statement : Special Topics

DB Count : SY-DBCNT
Tables customers.
Select * from customers.
write: / sy-dbcnt , customers-id, customers-name .
endselect.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
write : / ‘No Data found ’.
else.
write: / sy-dbcnt, ‘Record found’.
endif.

SELECT … ORDER BY ...
Tables: spfli.
Select * from spfli
Order by cityfrom .
Write: / spfli-carrid, spfli-connid,
spfli-cityfrom.
Endselect.

SELECT … With Template
Tables customers.
Select * From customers
Where name Like ‘_ r %’.
Write: / customers-id,customers-name.
Endselect.

Aggregate Functions
Data: maxdat like sflight-distance,
mindat like sflight-distance,
counter type I.
Select C OUNT ( * ) M IN ( distance ) M AX ( distance )
into (counter , m in dat, m ax dat)
from spfli.
Write: / ‘Count :’ , counter ,
/ ‘Min :’ , mindat,
/ ‘Max :’ , maxdat .
Aggregate Functions : COUNT,MIN,MAX,AVG and SUM

SELECT … GROUP BY ...
Data: carrid like sflight-carrid,
mindat Type P Decimals 2,
maxdat Type P Decimals 2.
Select carrid Min( price ) Max( price )
Into (carrid, mindat, maxdat)
From sflight
Group by carrid.
Write: / carrid, mindat, maxdat.
Endselect.
อยากทราบว่า ในแต่ละสายการบิน มีราคาตั๋วต่ำสุดและสูงสุดเท่าไร sflight 75 20010226 0110 SQ 130 20010228 0400 LH 145 20010110 0400 LH 150 20010101 0400 LH Price fldate connid carrid

Sub Query
tables customers.
select *
from customers
where id <> 1 and
city =
( select city
from customers
where id = 1 ).
write: / customers-id, customers-name.
endselect.
ลูกค้าคนใดที่อยู่เมืองเดียวกับลูกค้ารหัส ID 1

Exercise I customers-id customers-name customers-city ห้ามใช้ SELECT *

Exercise II usr02-ltime usr02-trdat usr02-bname ห้ามใช้ SELECT *

ABAP : Inner Join

Tables Join
spfli
sflight BK NY BK cityto 250 SQ 0110 SQ 540 BK 0402 LH 100 NY 0400 LH distance cityfrom connid carrid 75 20010226 0110 SQ 130 20010228 0400 LH 145 20010110 0400 LH 150 20010101 0400 LH price fldate connid carrid

Tables Join
Question: Select carrid, connid and cityto from spfli
and fldate,price from sflight where carrid = ‘LH’
spfli-carrid spfli-connid sflight-fldate spfli-cityto sflight-price
เงื่อนไข : ให้แสดงข้อมูลเฉพาะสายการบิน ‘ LH’ เท่านั้น

Standard SQL
Select spfli.carrid, spfli.connid, sflight.fldate,
sflight.price
From spfli, sflight
Where spfli.carrid = sflight.carrid and
spfli.connid = sflight.connid and
spfli.carrid = ‘LH’;

Tables Join Methods
Nested select statement
Internal table
View
Inner join of Select statement

Nested Select Statement
Tables: spfli,sflight.
Select * from spfli where carrid = ‘LH’.
Select * from sflight
where carrid = spfli-carrid and
connid = spfli-connid.
Write: / spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate,
sflight-price.
Endselect.
Endselect.

Open SQL – Inner Join
Select spfli~carrid spfli~connid sflight~fldate spfli~cityto sflight~price
into (spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate, spfli-cityto, sflight-price)
from spfli inner join sflight
on spfli~carrid = sflight~carrid and
spfli~connid = sflight~connid
where spfli~carrid = ‘LH’.
Write: / spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate,
spfli-cityto, sflight-price.
Endselect.

Tables: A,B.
Select A~a B~b B~c
into (A-a,B-b,B-c)
from A inner join B
on A~b = B~b.
Write: / A-a,B-b,B-c.
Endselect.
Table : A Table : B A-a B-b B-c b2 a2 b1 a1 b a c2 b2 c3 b3 c1 b1 c b

Open SQL – Inner Join Table : A Table : B Single Result Table(Result set) Select … inner join.. Endselect. Database Server Application Server 1 2 b2 a2 b1 a1 b a c2 b2 c3 b3 c1 b1 c b b2 b1 B~b c2 a2 c1 a1 B~c A~a

Open SQL – Alias Table Name
Select a~carrid a~connid b~fldate a~cityto b~price
into (spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate, spfli-cityto, sflight-price)
from spfli as a inner join sflight as b
on a~carrid = b~carrid and
a~connid = b~connid
where a~carrid = ‘LH’.
Write: / spfli-carrid, spfli-connid, sflight-fldate, spfli-cityto, sflight-price.
Endselect.

Inner Join/Outer Join Example ZPRODUCTS ZSALES ZSALEREPS ZCUSTOMERS 432555 Singapore David 3 234111 Bangkok Micheal 4 222222 London Peter 2 111111 New York John 1 tel city name id CD Tape Ruler Pencil Pen prod_name 120 X1 80 B1 99 Y1 125 A2 100 A1 on_hand p_id 90 50 10 qty 02 20020321 X1 3 01 20020318 A2 1 01 20020318 A1 1 sale_id sale_date prod_id cust_id Pipop 02 Somchai 01 name sale_id

REPORT ZINNERJOIN01 .
TABLES: ZCUSTOMERS,ZSALES.
SELECT A~NAME B~PROD_ID
INTO (ZCUSTOMERS-NAME,ZSALES-PROD_ID)
FROM ZSALES AS B INNER JOIN ZCUSTOMERS AS A
ON B~CUST_ID = A~ID.
WRITE: / ZCUSTOMERS-NAME,ZSALES-PROD_ID.
ENDSELECT.

Open SQL – Inner Join > 2 Tables
Tables: A,B,C.
Select A~a B~c C~y
into (A-a,B-c,C-y)
from A inner join B
on A~b = B~b
inner join C
on C~x = B~c.
Write: / A-a,B-c,C-y.
Endselect.
Table : A Table : B Table : C A-a B-c C-y … … b a ... … … … ... … c b ... … y x

Open SQL – Inner Join > 2 Tables
TABLES: ZCUSTOMERS,ZPRODUCTS,ZSALES.
SELECT A~NAME C~PROD_NAME B~QTY
INTO (ZCUSTOMERS-NAME, ZPRODUCTS-PROD_NAME, ZSALES-QTY)
ON B~CUST_ID = A~ID
INNER JOIN ZPRODUCTS AS C
ON C~P_ID = B~PROD_ID.
WRITE: / ZCUSTOMERS-NAME,ZPRODUCTS-PROD_NAME,ZSALES-QTY.
ENDSELECT.

Exercise
List customers who buy product from company as following fields:
zcustomers-id
zcustomers-name
zsales-sale_date
zproducts-prod_name
zsales-qty
zsalereps-name

Exercise : User Master USR02-BNAME USR02-TRDAT ADCP-TEL_NUMBER USR02 USR21 ADCP BNAME PERSNUMBER ADDRNUMBER Tables Relationship

ABAP : Outer Join

Open SQL – Outer Join
REPORT ZOUTERJOIN .
FROM ZCUSTOMERS AS A LEFT OUTER JOIN ZSALES AS B
ON A~ID = B~CUST_ID.
ENDSELECT.
Single Result Table B~PROD_ID A~NAME X1 David Micheal Peter A2 John A1 John

Exercise
List customers name who do not buy any product from company

Sub Query
REPORT ZSUBQUERY .
tables: zcustomers.
select * from zcustomers as a
where not exists
( select *
from zsales as b
where b~cust_id = a~id ).
write: / zcustomers-name.
endselect.
ลูกค้าชื่ออะไรที่ไม่ได้ซื้อสินค้าจากเรา มีใครบ้าง

Internal Table

Data Objects in ABAP
Memory Space
Structure Table Structure Internal Table Variable Constants <Field-symbols>

INTERNAL TABLE
Flight (Structure)
Carrid Connid Date Price Internal Table Flight (Internal Table) Carrid Connid Date Price Header Line

Structure
Data: Begin of flight,
carrid like sflight-carrid,
connid like sflight-connid,
date like sflight-fldate,
price like sflight-price.
Data: End of flight.
flight-carrid = ‘LH’.
Write: / flight-carrid.

INTERNAL TABLE
Data: begin of tab occurs 10,
carrid like sflight-carrid,
connid like sflight-connid,
fldate like sflight-fldate,
price like sflight-price.
Data end of tab.

USING ABAP DICTIONARY STRUCTURE
Data: begin of tab occurs 0 .
Include structure sflight.
Data end of tab.

INTERNAL TABLE USING LIKE
Data tab LIKE sflight OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE .

FILLING INTERNAL TABLE (APPEND)
Tables sflight.
Data flight like sflight occurs 0 with header line.
Select * from sflight.
Move sflight to flight.
Append flight.
Endselect.

Standard Key of Internal Table Data: begin of tab occurs 0, f1 type C , f2 type I, f3 type N , f4 type P, end of tab. tab f4 f3 f2 f1

Reading Data From Internal Table
Data tab like sflight occurs 0 with header line.
Select * from sflight into table tab .
If sy-subrc = 0.
Loop at tab.
Write: / tab-carrid, tab-price.
Endloop.
Else.
Write: / ‘No Data’.
Endif.

Access Database Without Internal Table

Access Database Using Internal Table

Reading Data From Internal Table
Data : begin of tab occurs 0 ,
id like customers-id,
end of tab.
Select id name from customers into table tab .
If sy-subrc = 0.
Loop at tab.
Write: / tab-id, tab -name .
Endloop.
else .
Write : / ‘No Data’.
Endif.

Exercise I : Change Using Internal Table

SORTING INTERNAL TABLE (SORT)
Sort flight.
Sort flight by price fldate.
Sort flight by price ascending
fldate descending.

Data tab like spfli occurs 0 with header line.
Select * from spfli into table tab.
Sort tab by cityfrom.
…
Loop at tab.
write: / tab-carrid, tab-connid,tab-cityfrom.
Endloop.
SORTING INTERNAL TABLE

PROCESSING INTERNAL TABLE
...
Loop at flight.
Write: / flight-carrid, flight-connid.
Endloop.
Loop at flight where carrid = ‘LH’.
Write: / flight-carrid , flight-connid.
Endloop.
Loop at flight from 1 to 10.
Write: / sy-tabix , flight-carrid , flight-connid.
Endloop.

Internal Table Template Condition
...
loop at tab where name cp ‘+r*’.
...

Reading Single Record
...
Sort flight by carrid connid fldate .
Read table flight
with key c arrid = ‘LH’
c onnid = ‘0400’
fldate = ‘19990201’
Binary Search.
if sy-subrc = 0 .
write : / flight-carrid,flight-connid,
flight-fldate, flight-price.
endif.

Reading Single Record using Index
...
Read table flight index 3.
If sy-subrc = 0.
write: / flight-carrid , flight-connid .
Endif.

CHANGING INTERNAL TABLE
...
Delete flight index 5.
Delete flight where carrid = ‘LH’.
flight-carrid = ‘XX’.
flight-price = 100.
…
Insert flight index 1.

DELETING INTERNAL TABLE
Clear flight.
Refresh flight.
Free flight.
DATA flight LIKE sflight occurs 0 with header line.

Total Record of Internal Table
Data: line_count type i.
Data tab like sflight occurs 0 with header line.
Select * from sflight into table tab.
Describe table tab lines line_count.
Write: / line_count.

Exercise I

Internal Table Processing
Data tab like spfli occurs 0 with Header line.
…
Select * from spfli
appending table tab
where carrid = ‘LH’.

SELECT … INNER JOIN
ENDSELECT.

Inner Join into Internal Table
REPORT ZJOIN01 .
DATA: begin of tab occurs 0,
name like zcustomers-name,
prod_id like zsales-prod_id,
end of tab.
INTO TABLE tab
…
LOOP AT tab.
WRITE: / TAB-NAME,TAB-PROD_ID.
ENDLOOP.

Internal Table Without Header Line
DATA tab LIKE customers OCCURS 0.
DATA wa LIKE customers.
…
LOOP AT tab INTO wa .
WRITE: / wa-id, wa-name.
ENDLOOP.

Internal Table Declaration
DATA tab TYPE TABLE OF customers.
DATA wa LIKE LINE OF customers.
…

ABAP Practice

Database Table Processing
INSERT
UPDATE
MODIFY
DELETE
Database

Insert (Table)
Tables customers.
customers-id = ‘999’.
customers-name = ‘Test’.
Insert customers.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
write: / ‘Data Already Exists’.
endif.

Update Statement
Tables customers.
Select single * from customers where id = 1.
If sy-subrc = 0.
customers-name = ‘John’.
update customers.
Endif.
Update customers set name = ‘John’ where id = 1.

Update Statement
Data wa like customers.
wa -id = ‘1’.
wa-nam e = ‘Test No 1’.
wa-city = ‘Bangkok’.
update customers from wa .
If sy-subrc <> 0.
write: / ‘Data not found’.
Endif.

Modify Statement
Tables customers.
customers-name = ‘Test No 1’.
Modify customers.

Deleting Database Table Entries
Tables customers.
Delete customers.
Delete customers From Table delcustomers.
Delete From customers Where city = ‘ Bangkok ’.

Exercise II

Exercise II usr02-ltime usr02-trdat usr02-bname 1. ห้ามใช้ SELECT * 2. ใช้ Internal Table

Exercise III

Tables Relationship for User Master USR02-BNAME USR02-TRDAT ADCP-TEL_NUMBER USR02 USR21 ADCP BNAME PERSNUMBER ADDRNUMBER Tables Relationship

Exercise III : User Master usr02-bname usr02-trdat adcp-tel_number ใช้ Internal Table

03 abap3-090715081232-phpapp01-100511101016-phpapp02

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03 abap3-090715081232-phpapp01-100511101016-phpapp02 Presentation Transcript