IPv6

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  • + F_R_Z F_R_Z 11 months ago
    ياشباب انا فؤاد
    واخذت هذا البرزنتيشن عشان اكسواي
    شبكات 2 - جامعة الملك سعود
    12\1\2009
    تحياتي للجميع وشكراللسبيعي على مجهوده الرائع
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IPv6 - Presentation Transcript

  1. IPv6 Talal A. Alsubaie App. & DB Department Saudi FDA
  2. Special Thanks…
    • To Saad A. Al-Maleki for his assessment in this work.
  3. Outlines
    • IPv4 Addressing.
    • Features of IPv6.
    • IPv6 Addressing.
    • Transition Mechanisms.
    • Software Support.
    • IPv6 Market
    • Conclusion.
  4. IPv4 Addressing
    • INTERNET is the world largest public network.
      • ~320 million users in 2000 : ~550 million users by 2005
    • IPv4 defines a 32 bit, that will give us ( 4,294,967,296 ) IP addresses.
    • The first problem is concerned with the eventual running out of the IP address space.
  5. IPv4 Addressing (cont.)
    • Techniques was used with address shortage in IPv4:
      • Subnettin.
      • Classless Inter Domain Routing (CIDR)
      • Network Address Translation (NAT)
  6. NAT and Subnet
  7. IPv4 Addressing (cont.)
    • P2P applications.
      • Need to reserve an IP address to each peer.
    • Always-on devices.
      • Mobile Phones, ADSL, and Intelligent Home ...ect.
  8. Always Connected Devices Global Addressing Always-on Devices Need an Address When You Call Them
  9. Features of IPv6
    • Large Address Space.
        • 128 bit vs. 32 bit in IPv4.
    • Stateless auto configuration of hosts.
        • Plug and play.
    • Multicast.
        • It is part of IPv6, unlike IPv4 was introduced later.
  10. Features of IPv6
    • Link-local addresses.
        • Never change, unlike global address.
    • Jumbograms.
        • IPv4, packets are limited to 64 KB, Jumbograms can be as large as 4GB. in high speed networks
    • Network-layer security.
        • IP Security is built-in IPv6, unlike IPv4 built-on .
    • Mobility.
        • Make IPv6 node to be mobile to change it’s location in an IPv6 network. (May change IPv6 Address Dynamically).
  11. Features of IPv6
    • Mobility
      • Mobile Operators using 3GPP UMTS / Internet Multimedia Services (IMS)
      • Nokia, Motorola and others making use of mobile IPv6 in their devices
      • Ad-hoc networks – think police, fire and emergency services – push to talk requirements
  12. IPv6 Addressing
    • The primary change from IPv4 to IPv6 is the length of network addresses.
        • 128 bit vs. 32 bit.
    • IPv6 addresses are typically composed of two logical parts:
        • 64-bit (sub-)network prefix.
        • 64-bit host part. ( automatically generated from the interface's MAC address ) .
            • User identity being permanently tied to an IPv6 address.
  13. IPv6 Addressing (cont.)
    • Notation:
      • IPv6 addresses are normally written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits .
        • 2001 : 0db8 : 85a3 : 08d3 : 1319 : 8a2e : 0370 : 7334
      • Four-digit group(s) of 0000, can be omitted and replaced with two colons( :: ).
        • 2001: 0db8 :0000: 0000 :0000: 0000 :1428: 57ab is equal to 2001: 0db8 :: 1428: 57ab .
      • A sequence of 4 bytes at the end of an IPv6 address can also be written in decimal, using dots as separators.
        • Used with mixed environment of IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
      • ::1 = localhost = (127.0.0.1) in IPv4
  14. IPv6 Addressing (cont.)
    • IPv6 addresses in URL:
        • In a URL the IPv6-Address is enclosed in brackets.
          • http://[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344]/
          • https://[2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344]:443/
    • ‘ A’ record of DNS(IPv4)
      • www.talals.net A 203.178.141.212
    • ‘ Qaud A’ “AAAA” record of DNS(IPv6)
      • www.talals.net AAAA 3ffe:501:4819:2000:5254:ff:fedc:50d2
  15. IPv6 Addressing (cont.)
    • Kinds of IPv6 addresses:
        • Unicast Addresses:
          • One to One.
        • Multicast Addresses:
          • One to Many.
        • Anycast Addresses:
          • One to Nearest.
    • There is no Broadcast in IPv6.
  16. Transition Mechanisms
    • Transition mechanisms are needed for IPv6 only host to reach IPv4 services.
      • Dual stack.
      • Tunneling.
      • Translation.
  17. Transition Mechanisms
      • Dual Stack:
        • Dual stack host can speak both IPv4 and IPv6
          • communicate with IPv4 host by IPv4
          • communicate with IPv6 host by IPv6
  18. Transition Mechanisms
      • Dual Stack:
    Access Access
  19. Transition Mechanisms
      • Tunneling:
        • Encapsulates some data inside some packets.
          • Automatic tunneling:
            • ( 6-To-4 ). (Enabled in Windows Vista)
            • Teredo. ( Enabled in Windows Vista)
          • Configured:
            • Tunneling is configured manually via human or software service.
    IPv6/Dual Network
      • 6to4 Router
      • Adds v4 header
    IPv6/Dual Network IPv4 Core
      • IPv4 Router
      • Forwards as Usual
      • Destination 6to4 router removes IPv4 header
      • Delivery
    Generation
  20. Transition Mechanisms
    • Tunneling:
      • IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling
    IPv4 Packet IPv6 Packet
  21. Transition Mechanisms
      • Translation:
        • This is a simple extension to NAT techniques, to translate header format as well as addresses
        • Translate IPv6 only host to IPv4 only host(vice versa)
        • protocol translation
        • mapping address
        • Unreliable
  22. Software Support
    • Any modern O/S has IPv6 support
    • Most common applications and tools have IPv6 support:
      • Apache
      • IIS
      • FTP
      • Ping
      • Telnet
      • IE
      • Mozilla Firefox
      • Opera
      • Outlook
      • Windows Media Player and more …
    • Some applications need to be recompiled.
  23. IPv6 Market
    • Home Networking.
    • Gaming.
    • Mobile Devices.
    • Enterprise PC’s.
    • Consumer Devices.
      • i.e. Sony.
    • ISP.
  24. Conclusion
    • IPv6 is NEW …
    • – built on the experiences learned from IPv4
    • – new features
    • – large address space
    • – autoconfiguration
    • … and OLD
    • – still IP
    • – build on a solid base
    • – started in 1995, a lot of implementations and tests done
  25.  

+ Talal AlsubaieTalal Alsubaie, 2 years ago

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IPv6

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