Slideshow Transcript

1. Slide 1: Battle against Global Warming: The Earth Radiation Balance Factor Submitted by – Suryaveer Singh (PGT Geography) S.D.PUBLIC SCHOOL, BU BLOCK, PITAMPURA, DELHI -110088
2. Slide 2: The Battle Against Global Warming The Earth Radiation Balance Factor
3. Slide 3: Why we are here? Learn the factors which causes Global Warming, from astronomical to terrestrial . We will be talking on radiation balance specifically. Research the relationships between Greenhouse gases and the balance. To find solution and plan our actions to control Global warming.
4. Slide 4: The bleak and Iceless future Gangotri glacier is shrinking 23m every year. Polar ice caps are melting and breaking Source: NASA away due to global warming.
5. Slide 5: The symptoms of Global Warming The year 1998 recorded the warmest temperature of the millennium and some of the worst floods (Source: Times of India) around the world. The Sahel region of Sahara saw worst devastating drought.
6. Slide 6: Extreme weather events Ice Age cometh: it happened in the North Atlantic and may happen again. According to (Source: Earth Observatory) scientists global warming could lead to prolonged chill.
7. Slide 7: Anthropogenic effect on climate The most important effect on the climate is the increasing trend in the concentration of greenhouse gases which are likely to cause global warming. They alter the process of earth radiation balance by absorbing longwave radiation.
8. Slide 8: Earth’s Radiation Balance The earth as a whole does not accumulate or loose heat. It maintains its temperature. This happens only if the amount of heat received in the form of insolation equals the amount lost by the earth through terrestrial radiation. (Heat Budget)
9. Slide 9: The Earth’s Radiation Balance Assume 100 units of incoming solar energy (insolation): (ncert, p. 65) albedo 100 units • 14 units 6 27 2 absorbed by atmosphere Backscattered 10 • 51 units Absorbed absorbed by by surface atmosphere reflected by clouds • 35 units 4 reflected absorbed (albedo) by clouds reflected 51 by ground absorbed by ground
10. Slide 10: The Radiation Balance: Longwave 17 48 = 65 Emission Direct radiation by GHGs by earth Absorbed by CFCs, CH4, 6 N2O, CO2, O3 Condensation Turbulance and convection 23 9 19 = 51
11. Slide 11: The Earth’s Heat Budget shortwave long wave total +100 -100 100 17 6 27 2 48 10 Cond. 6 wind 4 +51 -51 51 23 9 19
12. Slide 12: Greenhouse Effect Certain greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, ozone, nitrous oxide and methane, are able to absorb longwave radiation emitted from the Earth's surface. The greenhouse effect aids in heating the Earth's atmosphere.
13. Slide 13: Rest is simple mathematics The larger the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the higher will be absorption of longwave radiation, thus resulting in increased temperature. Annual quantity of longwave Radiation absorbed in the a Atmosphere. (Image created by the CoVis Greenhouse Effect Visualizer).
14. Slide 14: Warming Up The amount of heat energy added to the atmosphere by the greenhouse effect is controlled by the concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere. All of the major greenhouse gases have increased in concentration since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (about 1700 AD). As a result of these higher concentrations, scientists predict that the greenhouse effect will be enhanced and the Earth's climate will become warmer.
15. Slide 15: Other factors: Sunspots When the number of sunspots decrease warm and drier conditions prevail on the earth. If they increase, cooler and wetter weather with greater storminess occur. Source: www.physicalgeography.net/)
16. Slide 16: Volcanism Eruptions throws up lots of aerosols into the atmosphere. They remain for a considerable period of time reducing the sun’s radiation reaching the Earth’s surface. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey, photograph by Austin Post).
17. Slide 17: Efforts which can be done! Reduce emission of greenhouse gases. Adopting lifestyle where there is no room for such gases. Raising concerns for the world community to respond.
18. Slide 18: Lets do it! Frequently Asked Questions Terms to Remember (read handouts) Take home activity Test yourself
19. Slide 19: Acknowledgements Whitlow, J.B. 2001. The Penguin Dictionary of Physical Geography. Second Edition. Penguin, Harmondsworth. www.physicalgeography.net/fundamentals Richard H. Bryant. 1999. Physical Geography. Ninth Edition. Rupa & Co., Delhi. Barry, R.G., and Chorley, R.J., 1976. Atmosphere, Weather and Climate. (Chapter 1). Third Edition, London. www.narc.nasa.gov/ www.eosb.narc.nasa.gov/ www.ocs.ou.edu/ www.wikipedia.org/greenhouseeffect/