Entropy Produce Molecule Motor

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Entropy production along a stochastic trajectory of a small system Joseph X. Zhou Biological Physics group MPI-PKS Jam session, June 6, 2008

[object Object],Why talking about Thermodynamics ? Thermodynamics is a funny subject. The first time you go through it, you don't understand it at all. The second time you go through it, you think you understand it, except for one or two small points. The third time you go through it, you know you don't understand it, but by that time you are so used to it, it doesn't bother you any more. - Arnold Sommerfeld ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],When we move to small world… ,[object Object]

Thermodynamics development history ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thermodynamic systems characterized by length scales

Energy conserves - why machines have different efficiency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Molecular machine’s efficiency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],J. Liphardt et. al., Science 296, 1832, 2002

Why molecular machine so efficient? ,[object Object],- By random push from others - By pushing through the crowds - By taking random push when it is right direction

Stochastic thermodynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],U. Seifert, J. Stat. Phy., 128, 2007

Fluctuation Theorem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fluctuation Theorem and Jarzynski equality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Prospects of non-equilibrium thermodynamics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],C. Bustamante, Physics Today, 2005

Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Acknowledgement: Thanks Prof. Udo Serfeit for the discussion and his numerous papers on Nonequ.

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