Employee Motivation

Here comes your footer  Page INDIAN Employee AMERICAN Employee THE BOSS

EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION Indian vs. Western Conceptualization..

Contents of Presentation-
What is Motivation?
Do cultural differences matter?
From Vedanta to Vartmaan
Theories of Motivation
Early
Contemporary
Is there any best way to motivate?

MOTIVATION
Motivation is a process that accounts for Individual’s
Intensity of effort
Direction of effort
Persistence of effort
towards attaining a goal…….

Italy- what exactly do you mean ?
Greece- That’s just perfect !! Egypt- Be patient…

MOTIVATION IN VEDANTA
Right action, performed in an excellent manner will manifest the best of qualities in us. It will uplift the doer and produce maximum happiness to greatest number of people.

THE SPIRITUAL DIMENSION
MOKSHA
Self Actualization
DHARMA
Towards human beings & organization

MOTIVATION = INSPIRATION
What inspires an employee ( shishya )?
Vishwas (trust)
Shradha (respect)
Workers see their managers ( acharya ) as person above average with qualities
Charitra (character)
Satyata (honesty)

EARLY WESTERN STYLE
“ You can make a donkey move by offering carrot or stick”
Motivation techniques :
Kick him in the back (KHIB)
Psychological punishment
Fringe benefits
Human relations

What is Motivation?
Early
Contemporary

Everything begins with needs… Why would Motivation Theories differ……Agree?

HIERARCHY OF NEEDS THEORY

Two sides of the coin!!!!!

THEORY X & THEORY Y
Theory X
assumes workers have little ambition, dislike work and avoid responsibility
assumed that lower order needs dominate
Theory Y
assumes workers can exercise self-direction, accept and consider work to be a natural activity
assumed that higher order needs dominate

What would you prefer- a pat on the back or a lavish office?

TWO FACTOR THEORY
Hygiene Factors
Motivators

INDIAN VS WESTERN
Study conducted across west & east
Not much difference found
Both rated motivators higher than hygiene

All three are/ were motivated.
But what motivated them?

McCLELLAND’s THEORY OF NEEDS
Need for ACHEIVEMENT
Need for POWER
Need for AFFILIATION

INDIAN VS WESTERN
Individualistic culture as US (score-91) displays high nACH
Collective culture like India (score-48) displays high nAFF
The trends are under transformation due to increasing global exposure of India

What is Motivation?
Early
Contemporary

A gardener working in a public park as a hobby; If I start paying him for it, will his productivity increase or decrease?

COGINITIVE EVALUATION THEORY
Extrinsic reward for internally rewarding act decreases the motivation
Criticism- What about verbal praise (Extrinsic Reward)

When will Cristiano Ronaldo be more motivated-
A tense penalty shootout or practice sessions?

GOAL SETTING THEORY
Specific goals increase performance
Involvement in goal setting helps
Nothing motivates like self generated feedback!!
Make it public- Goal Commitment..

INDIAN VS WESTERN
Power distance score of US (40) & India (77)
Due to greater power distance
Involvement in goal setting not that effective
Work profile rigidly followed

Congratulations!!!!
You are hired by McKinsey for a Pay Package of 14 Lakhs!!!
Next year your Junior from IIM-S is hired for 20 Lakhs! If you realize that the Junior is a genius!! How do you feel now ????????? After all, there ought to be a difference yaar!!

EQUITY THEORY
What I put in it, is what I Get! ( Perceived Fairness )
Justice-
I got what I deserve ( Distributive )
I got a good explanation for what I got ( Procedural )
I was told of this in a very polite manner ( Interactional )

INDIAN VS WESTERN
Employees in Asia often readily accept inequitable treatment in order to preserve group harmony
Due to cultural conditioning women may not feel they are treated inequitably

What is that ‘extra’ thing for which Tendulkar exerts that ‘extra’ effort to hit a six than a single?

EXPECTANCY THEORY
Individual acts in a certain way based on
what outcome is the act followed by?
what is the attractiveness of the outcome for him/her?

WAYS TO MOTIVATE
Variety, identity & significance of task in a job! (JCM)
Job rotation, enlargement & enrichment (Job Redesign)
Flextime, Job Sharing, Telecommuting
Employee Involvement- Participative management
Performance pay, Bonuses, Skill based pay, Profit Sharing Plans, ESOPs, Employee Recognition

Employee Motivation

by Sumit Rana

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