Congestion Mitigation Strategies: Alternatives to the City’s plan

Congestion Mitigation Strategies: Alternatives to the City’s plan New York City Traffic Congestion Mitigation Commission December 10, 2007

Overview of presentation and research

* Includes public employees using placards
Source: 2007 survey of 1,600 drivers in the Manhattan CBD
Parking: Increase the cost of parking in the CBD The current market for parking in the CBD:

Parking: Policy options studied
Three options with VMT impact:
Eliminating resident exemption for parking tax or raise parking tax
Increase rates for metered on-street parking
Introduce overnight on-street parking fee
Reduce use of parking placards by public employees
Three options have essentially no VMT impact:
Parking “freeze”
Tax off-street parking as income
Parking “cash-out”

Parking: Eliminate Manhattan resident parking tax exemption
Option: Charge Manhattan residents the same parking tax (18⅜%) as other parkers.
Currently residents receive an exemption that reduces their parking tax to 10⅜%.
Applies to: Manhattan residents that currently receive exemption
VMT Impact
0.05% reduction
Revenue: $22 million

Parking: Raise the parking tax
Option: Raise parking tax to 28⅜% or 38⅜% for all parkers
Applies to: All parkers who pay to park off-street
VMT Impact
0.2% (if tax rises to 28⅜%)
0.3% (if tax rises to 38⅜%)
Parking garage operators might absorb the cost of the tax, resulting in smaller VMT reduction
Revenue: $71 million (28⅜%) or $120 million (38⅜%)

Parking: Raise the parking tax
Recap:

Parking: Increase rates for on-street parking
Option: Increase the price of all metered parking spaces in the CBD. Prices could be determined by time of day or location.
Applies to: on-street, metered parking in the CBD
VMT Impact
0.5% VMT reduction
Revenue: $17 million

Parking: Introduce overnight on-street parking fee
Option: Implement a $2 fee for overnight on-street parking in the CBD during the week.
Applies to: on-street, metered and unmetered parking in the CBD
VMT Impact
0.4% VMT reduction (most of this reduction would take place at night)
Revenue: $7 million

Parking: Reduce use of parking placards by public employees
Option: Remove free on-street parking for government employees currently commuting to Manhattan jobs
Applies to: on-street parking for government employees with placards
VMT Impact
0.10% VMT reduction for 3,000 placards
Revenue: $0

Taxi: Additional taxi stands to reduce cruising
Option: Require that passengers be picked up at designated taxi stands
Applies to: all medallion (yellow) taxis
VMT impact
VMT may rise or fall depending on how far taxis travel back to a taxi stand after discharging a passenger, so VMT cannot be estimated reliably
Revenue: $0

Option: Apply $1 or $2 fare surcharges for taxi and for-hire-vehicle travel within Manhattan south of 86th Street
Applies to: Medallion taxis, black cars, neighborhood car services and limousines
VMT impact:
$1 Surcharge: 0.3% reduction
$2 Surcharge: 0.6% reduction
Revenue:
$1 surcharge: $70 million
$2 surcharge: $140 million
Taxi: Apply surcharge to taxi and livery fares

Option: Prohibits vehicles from entering based on license plate
Applies to: all passenger vehicles
VMT impact:
3.1 % reduction (restriction applied 1 in 10 days)
6.2 % reduction (restriction applied 1 in 5 days)
Revenue: $0.
Will reduce MTA and PA toll revenues that subsidize transit
License Plate Rationing

Required Carpooling
Option: Prohibit single-occupant vehicles (SOVs) from entering Manhattan south of 60th Street weekdays, 6 a.m. to 10 a.m.
Applies to: SOVs. Does not apply to taxis, commercial vehicles, and motorcycles
VMT Impact:
Given that SOVs comprise 59% of vehicles entering CBD, expect VMT reduction, though magnitude is unclear
Revenue: $0.
Will reduce MTA and PA toll revenues that subsidize transit

Creation of High-Occupancy Toll (“HOT”) lanes
Option: Create HOT lanes for passenger cars on major crossings into Manhattan and highways leading to Manhattan CBD
Applies to: all vehicles
VMT impact:
0%, unless a substantial number of general travel lanes are reallocated to buses, ridesharing vehicles and/or goods movement
Revenue: Uncertain

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Congestion Mitigation Strategies: Alternatives to the City’s plan

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Congestion Mitigation Strategies: Alternatives to the City’s plan Presentation Transcript