Blue Gold Water & Chemicals (Pty) Ltd (Reg. no: 2006/030629/07) July 2007

Primary Objectives: To penetrate the following markets and become the preferred supplier of water purification and/or sterilization products. Healthcare & Nutrition – human consumption Food & Beverages Agriculture & Horticulture Industries Flower Industry Cooling Industry Misting Industry Swimming Pool, Jacuzzi and Spa industries It is also our aim to become the preferred supplier in the de-scaling market. To build up a strong relationship with air-conditioning design companies, healthcare sectors, flower industries and donors operating in developing countries as well as the WHO/WFP; To establish the brand as the preferred supplier of purification and/or sterilization products and pre-cooling agents in the industrial, commercial, agricultural and house-hold sectors July 2007

To penetrate the following markets and become the preferred supplier of water purification and/or sterilization products.

Healthcare & Nutrition – human consumption

Food & Beverages

Agriculture & Horticulture Industries

Flower Industry

Cooling Industry

Misting Industry

Swimming Pool, Jacuzzi and Spa industries

It is also our aim to become the preferred supplier in the de-scaling market.

To build up a strong relationship with air-conditioning design companies, healthcare sectors, flower industries and donors operating in developing countries as well as the WHO/WFP;

To establish the brand as the preferred supplier of purification and/or sterilization products and pre-cooling agents in the industrial, commercial, agricultural and house-hold sectors

Primary Keys to Success: Uniqueness of product : our product is unique in the market in terms of composition, lack of toxicity, pricing and application; Academic endorsement: or product has undergone extensive testing at the CSIR, SABS, University of Kwazulu-Natal, University of Pretoria, University of Johannesburg and the SABS and the published results speak for itself; Intellectual capital: current management and the research team are technical experts with years of experience, and have done pioneering work on the product. The product is patented and new patents are in the process of being lodged; Relationships with key market leaders : excellent relationships exist with market leaders such as Woolworths, Hadeco, Uniflo, Safropa, Magic Mist, Imuniti Holdings etc. July 2007

Uniqueness of product : our product is unique in the market in terms of composition, lack of toxicity, pricing and application;

Academic endorsement: or product has undergone extensive testing at the CSIR, SABS, University of Kwazulu-Natal, University of Pretoria, University of Johannesburg and the SABS and the published results speak for itself;

Intellectual capital: current management and the research team are technical experts with years of experience, and have done pioneering work on the product. The product is patented and new patents are in the process of being lodged;

Relationships with key market leaders : excellent relationships exist with market leaders such as Woolworths, Hadeco, Uniflo, Safropa, Magic Mist, Imuniti Holdings etc.

Company History: Blue Gold was established in 2002 by Heinrich Olivier with specific focus on the swimming pool and flower industries. Heinrich's approach to the business was to obtain scientific endorsement from the CSIR / SABS and the University of Witwatersrand, before entering the applicable markets. Through extensive testing and research at various academic institutions, government facilities and private laboratories, the true potential for the application of Blue Gold became apparent. Blue Gold's vision will always be to enhance and extend our product range through continual testing and research, which will position us as the market leaders in the targeted industries, with undisputed emphasis on quality products, service and delivery. July 2007

Blue Gold was established in 2002 by Heinrich Olivier with specific focus on the swimming pool and flower industries. Heinrich's approach to the business was to obtain scientific endorsement from the CSIR / SABS and the University of Witwatersrand, before entering the applicable markets. Through extensive testing and research at various academic institutions, government facilities and private laboratories, the true potential for the application of Blue Gold became apparent.

Blue Gold's vision will always be to enhance and extend our product range through continual testing and research, which will position us as the market leaders in the targeted industries, with undisputed emphasis on quality products, service and delivery.

Product Information: What is Blue Gold and its related products? Blue Gold is a point-of-use water purifier that is human- & eco-friendly when used in the correct dosages Blue Gold is a saturated acidic complex ionic solution, which contains heavy metals such as: Aluminium (Al) Zinc (Zn++) Silver (Ag) Gold (Au) Copper (Cu++) How does it work? The microscopic action of these natural mineral ions within algae & bacteria is twofold. Firstly, the algae and bacteria in the water are destroyed through a change in their enzyme processes, as the ions break down their DNA structures and cell walls. Secondly, all the charged particles flock together and can be trapped by a filter or left to settle at the bottom of the container. The ions maintain a stable Blue Gold residual in the water until it is used up in the process. Is it safe? “ The product in its mentioned application hold no toxic levels”, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research July 2007

What is Blue Gold and its related products?

Blue Gold is a point-of-use water purifier that is human- & eco-friendly when used in the correct dosages

Blue Gold is a saturated acidic complex ionic solution, which contains heavy metals such as:

Aluminium (Al)

Zinc (Zn++)

Silver (Ag)

Gold (Au)

Copper (Cu++)

How does it work?

The microscopic action of these natural mineral ions within algae & bacteria is twofold. Firstly, the algae and bacteria in the water are destroyed through a change in their enzyme processes, as the ions break down their DNA structures and cell walls. Secondly, all the charged particles flock together and can be trapped by a filter or left to settle at the bottom of the container. The ions maintain a stable Blue Gold residual in the water until it is used up in the process.

Is it safe?

“ The product in its mentioned application hold no toxic levels”, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Product Information….. Characteristics of the Blue Gold Product Range: Very Stable Effective in ph ranges between 4.5 – 9.5 Odourless Tasteless in correct dosage Easy to use application Very cost effective Human- & eco-friendly in correct dosage Very wide application: Sterilization Disinfection – very effective in the treatment of cuts, sores, insect bites, wounds , etc Deodorizing Sanitizing Preservation Non-toxic in correct dosage Long shelf-life (5 years) Non-flammable and non-explosive July 2007

Characteristics of the Blue Gold Product Range:

Very Stable

Effective in ph ranges between 4.5 – 9.5

Odourless

Tasteless in correct dosage

Easy to use application

Very cost effective

Human- & eco-friendly in correct dosage

Very wide application:

Sterilization

Disinfection – very effective in the treatment of cuts, sores, insect bites, wounds , etc

Deodorizing

Sanitizing

Preservation

Non-toxic in correct dosage

Long shelf-life (5 years)

Non-flammable and non-explosive

Technical Data Sheet BIOCIDAL PROPERTIES: As a Bactericidal, Fungicidal & Algaecidal, BlueGold is applied in very low concentrations. It is efficient against a wide range of micro-organisms; The Spectrum of activity includes: BACTERIA: Bacillus Aureus, Bacillus Subtilus, Brevi-bacterium ammonia genes, Brucella abortus, Klebsiells pneumoniae, Lactobacillus casei, Proteus vulgaris, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella gallinarium, Salmonella thyphosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus fecalis; YEASTS: Monilia albicans, Saccharomyces, cerevisiae FUNGIS: Trichophyton interdigitale, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus niger, Coniophora puteana ALGAE: Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Anabaena cylindrica July 2007

BIOCIDAL PROPERTIES:

As a Bactericidal, Fungicidal & Algaecidal, BlueGold is applied in very low concentrations. It is efficient against a wide range of micro-organisms;

The Spectrum of activity includes:

BACTERIA: Bacillus Aureus, Bacillus Subtilus, Brevi-bacterium ammonia genes, Brucella abortus, Klebsiells pneumoniae, Lactobacillus casei, Proteus vulgaris, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella gallinarium, Salmonella thyphosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus fecalis;

YEASTS: Monilia albicans, Saccharomyces, cerevisiae

FUNGIS: Trichophyton interdigitale, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus niger, Coniophora puteana

ALGAE: Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Anabaena cylindrica

APPLICATION: Disinfection & Sanitization – important disinfectant for surfaces and skin, e.g. remedies for skin wounds, hand disinfectant in hospitals, disinfectants for floors, walls, toys, surgical and cosmetical appliances, etc; Deodorising – in contrast to other products which only mask odour, Blue Gold kills the bacteria that causes odour Preservation – particularly suitable against sulphate reducing bacteria at the secondary mineral recovering. Further application is curation of slime and algae producers. July 2007

APPLICATION:

Disinfection & Sanitization – important disinfectant for surfaces and skin, e.g. remedies for skin wounds, hand disinfectant in hospitals, disinfectants for floors, walls, toys, surgical and cosmetical appliances, etc;

Deodorising – in contrast to other products which only mask odour, Blue Gold kills the bacteria that causes odour

Preservation – particularly suitable against sulphate reducing bacteria at the secondary mineral recovering. Further application is curation of slime and algae producers.

BlueGold was the first product in the range and can be summed up as a water quality intervention that employs simple, inexpensive and robust science, specifically appropriate for and focused on the developing world as well as Europe. Our objective, is to make water safe through disinfection and easy application at the point of use for humans and animals alike. AgriGold is part of our product range, focusing on supplying the farmer / consumer with human- & eco-friendly solutions for the eradication of harmful bacteria. It is our mission to assist growers and gardeners in creating solutions which are environmentally safe, cost effective and gives an alternative to harmful pesticides. By doing this, we also aim to increase the profit yields of our clients and offering them sustainable long-term alternatives. AquaGold effectively deals with with the treatment of Algae in dams, natural and man-made, irrigation systems, etc. It is also very effective in controlling bad odours caused by waste water, standing water which contains algae, human /animal faeces and other odour causing agents. The Blue Gold Product Range July 2007

BlueGold was the first product in the range and can be summed up as a water quality intervention that employs simple, inexpensive and robust science, specifically appropriate for and focused on the developing world as well as Europe. Our objective, is to make water safe through disinfection and easy application at the point of use for humans and animals alike.

AgriGold is part of our product range, focusing on supplying the farmer / consumer with human- & eco-friendly solutions for the eradication of harmful bacteria. It is our mission to assist growers and gardeners in creating solutions which are environmentally safe, cost effective and gives an alternative to harmful pesticides. By doing this, we also aim to increase the profit yields of our clients and offering them sustainable long-term alternatives.

AquaGold effectively deals with with the treatment of Algae in dams, natural and man-made, irrigation systems, etc. It is also very effective in controlling bad odours caused by waste water, standing water which contains algae, human /animal faeces and other odour causing agents.

Clean, safe water is a basic human right.…! Blue Gold is a saturated, acidic, complex ionic aqueous solution containing copper, silver, zinc, aluminium and gold. The microscopic inter-action of these natural mineral ions with algae and bacteria are twofold: firstly, the algae and bacteria in the water are destroyed through a change in their enzyme processes as the ions break down DNA structures and cell walls of the bacteria and algae. Secondly, all these charged particles flock together where it can be trapped in a filter, or left to settle at the bottom of a container. These ions maintain a stable Blue Gold residual in the water, until it is totally used up by the process. The Importance of Quality Water Water is essential to all aspects of life, yet 99% of the water on earth is unsafe or not fit for human consumption. Some 1,2 billion people globally don’t have access to sufficient safe water and 2.5 billion do not have access to adequate sanitation. It is estimated, that 9 500 children die world-wide every day from water-related diseases and a lack of clean drinking water. Water is an economic issue as it is essential for poverty reduction, agriculture, food and energy production. BlueGold: July 2007

Clean, safe water is a basic human right.…!

Blue Gold is a saturated, acidic, complex ionic aqueous solution containing copper, silver, zinc, aluminium and gold. The microscopic inter-action of these natural mineral ions with algae and bacteria are twofold: firstly, the algae and bacteria in the water are destroyed through a change in their enzyme processes as the ions break down DNA structures and cell walls of the bacteria and algae. Secondly, all these charged particles flock together where it can be trapped in a filter, or left to settle at the bottom of a container. These ions maintain a stable Blue Gold residual in the water, until it is totally used up by the process.

The Importance of Quality Water

Water is essential to all aspects of life, yet 99% of the water on earth is unsafe or not fit for human consumption. Some 1,2 billion people globally don’t have access to sufficient safe water and 2.5 billion do not have access to adequate sanitation. It is estimated, that 9 500 children die world-wide every day from water-related diseases and a lack of clean drinking water. Water is an economic issue as it is essential for poverty reduction, agriculture, food and energy production.

Most global economies are constrained by water scarcity, and increasingly by deteriorating water quality. As this issue can limit future economic development, it is treated as a strategic issue. The prevalence of HIV/Aids is also an important factor, highlighting the need to have access to clean water and sanitation as a foundation for human health. What is Quality Water? Obtaining quality water would seem to be an easy task, since approximately 70% of the earth is covered by water. Quality water for human consumption, is classified as clean, safe drinking water, that is free from harmful bacteria and organisms, especially free from waterborne diseases such as typhoid, cholera, etc. Waterborne diseases & BLUEGOLD: Waterborne diseases present a range of syndromes, including acute dehydrating diarrhea (cholera), prolonged febrile illness with abdominal symptoms (typhoid fever), acute bloody diarrhea (dysentery), and chronic diarrhea (Brainerd diarrhea). BlueGold… July 2007

Most global economies are constrained by water scarcity, and increasingly by deteriorating water quality. As this issue can limit future economic development, it is treated as a strategic issue. The prevalence of HIV/Aids is also an important factor, highlighting the need to have access to clean water and sanitation as a foundation for human health.

What is Quality Water?

Obtaining quality water would seem to be an easy task, since approximately 70% of the earth is covered by water. Quality water for human consumption, is classified as clean, safe drinking water, that is free from harmful bacteria and organisms, especially free from waterborne diseases such as typhoid, cholera, etc.

Waterborne diseases & BLUEGOLD:

Waterborne diseases present a range of syndromes, including acute dehydrating diarrhea (cholera), prolonged febrile illness with abdominal symptoms (typhoid fever), acute bloody diarrhea (dysentery), and chronic diarrhea (Brainerd diarrhea).

Many deaths among infants and young children are due to dehydration, malnutrition, or other complications of waterborne bacterial infections. The common bacteria that cause the mentioned diseases are known as V ibrio cholerae , Campylobacter , Salmonella, Shigella, and the diarrheogenic Escherichia coli . Amongst other tests, the following very important cholera test was performed at the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) which confirmed the effectiveness of Blue Gold in eradicating waterborne diseases, for example: Vibrio cholerae: Blue Gold sample was tested by spiking two one liter samples of water with 05/ml culture of Vibrio cholerae and treated the test sample with 3 drops of Blue Gold” solution for a contact time of90 minutes, after which both water Samples were tested for recovery of the Vibrio cholerae in broth and plate culture. NO viable Vibrio cholerae was isolated from the sample treated with “Blue Gold” Report number: 7218/1907835/167/W00856 BlueGold… July 2007

Many deaths among infants and young children are due to dehydration,

malnutrition, or other complications of waterborne bacterial infections.

The common bacteria that cause the mentioned diseases are known as

V ibrio cholerae , Campylobacter , Salmonella, Shigella, and the

diarrheogenic Escherichia coli .

Amongst other tests, the following very important cholera test was performed

at the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) which confirmed the

effectiveness of Blue Gold in eradicating waterborne diseases, for example:

Vibrio cholerae:

Blue Gold sample was tested by spiking two one liter samples of water

with 05/ml culture of Vibrio cholerae and treated the test sample with 3

drops of Blue Gold” solution for a contact time of90 minutes, after which

both water Samples were tested for recovery of the Vibrio cholerae in

broth and plate culture. NO viable Vibrio cholerae was isolated from the

sample treated with “Blue Gold”

Report number: 7218/1907835/167/W00856

Blue Gold furthermore effectively killed the following families of bacteria in various tests performed by the CSIR, SABS, University of Pretoria, University of Johannesburg, private laboratories, etc: Vibrio Cholerae Campylobacter Salmonella Shigella E-Coli BlueGold… July 2007

Blue Gold furthermore effectively killed the following families of bacteria in various tests performed by the CSIR, SABS, University of Pretoria, University of Johannesburg, private laboratories, etc:

Vibrio Cholerae

Campylobacter

Salmonella

Shigella

E-Coli

AgriGold acts as a: Bactericide As commonly known, “good” bacteria is necessary for the effective growth cycle of plants. The challenge lies in eliminating the harmful bacteria in the life-cycle of plants, without compromising the natural growth-cycle. AgriGold does not harm the “good” bacteria and therefore the plant’s natural “immune system” stays in tact. AgriGold in its application as a bactericide, also acts as a fungicide and very successfully kills amongst other, the following bacteria and fungi: Ralstonia erwinia Fusarium Pityrosporum Saccharomyces cerevisiae July 2007 AgriGold:

AgriGold acts as a:

Bactericide

As commonly known, “good” bacteria is necessary for the effective growth cycle of plants. The challenge lies in eliminating the harmful bacteria in the life-cycle of plants, without compromising the natural growth-cycle. AgriGold does not harm the “good” bacteria and therefore the plant’s natural “immune system” stays in tact.

AgriGold in its application as a bactericide, also acts as a fungicide and very successfully kills amongst other, the following bacteria and fungi:

Ralstonia erwinia

Fusarium

Pityrosporum

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

July 2007 Sterilising Agent The ions in AgriGold break down the DNA structures of the eggs and larvae of various pests and therefore hatching cannot take place. This chemical interaction with eggs interrupts the life-cycle of the pests. This is applicable in the effective treatment of the following pests: White fly, Ants, Thrips, Mites, Aphids and many more AgriGold also acts as a Liquid Fertilizer because of its active ingredients: Copper (Cu++) Silver (Ag) Zinc (Zn++) Other minerals present in the product are, aluminium (Al), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Gold (Au), etc. AgriGold…

Sterilising Agent

The ions in AgriGold break down the DNA structures of the eggs and larvae of various pests and therefore hatching cannot take place. This chemical interaction with eggs interrupts the life-cycle of the pests. This is applicable in the effective treatment of the following pests: White fly, Ants, Thrips, Mites, Aphids and many more

AgriGold also acts as a Liquid Fertilizer because of its active ingredients:

Copper (Cu++)

Silver (Ag)

Zinc (Zn++)

Other minerals present in the product are, aluminium (Al), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Gold (Au), etc.

AquaGold is the product in the Blue Gold range, which effectively deals with the treatment of Algae in dams, natural and man-made, irrigation systems, etc. It is also very effective in controlling bad odours caused by waste water, standing water which contains algae, human /animal faeces and other odour causing agents Dams: Algae, like for example, Mycrocystis Aeruginosa has become an international concern and it is thriving in conditions where phosphates from the catchment areas end up in both water reservoirs and dams, such is the case in many dams in South Africa and around the world. Mycrocystis is toxic to humans and animals and cause diarrhea, nausea and skin irritations. Many dams are badly infected, causing major problems to humans residing close to these dams and authorities alike. Various complaints, including headaches and an unbearable stench from the algae, are regularly reported. July 2007 AquaGold:

AquaGold is the product in the Blue Gold range, which effectively deals with the

treatment of Algae in dams, natural and man-made, irrigation systems, etc.

It is also very effective in controlling bad odours caused by waste water, standing

water which contains algae, human /animal faeces and other odour causing

agents

Dams:

Algae, like for example, Mycrocystis Aeruginosa has become an international

concern and it is thriving in conditions where phosphates from the catchment

areas end up in both water reservoirs and dams, such is the case in many dams in

South Africa and around the world. Mycrocystis is toxic to humans and animals

and cause diarrhea, nausea and skin irritations. Many dams are badly infected,

causing major problems to humans residing close to these dams and authorities

alike. Various complaints, including headaches and an unbearable stench from the

algae, are regularly reported.

July 2007 AquaGold eradicates the algae in the dams as mentioned very successfully. It also gets rid of the stench caused by the algae, almost immediately after application. Irrigation: AquaGold not only sterilises the water that is used in the irrigation systems, but also takes care of calcification (CaCO3) problems experienced in irrigations systems and filters alike. Ground application: AquaGold applied in and around the house, will prevent for example the hatching of eggs of ants and other garden pests. Specific dosage for each identified application will be advised. AquaGold:

Endorsements & Accreditations: July 2007 The Blue Gold products have undergone extensive testing at the institutions listed below and are endorsed and/or accredited by these institutions: South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) University of Kwazulu-Natal University of Witwatersrand (Johannesburg) ERWAT (East Rand Water) SGS (Global Certification & Testing Company) Pathsure Laboratories Van Drimmelin Laboratories Department of Health (South Africa) Rand Water Radiation Central Agricultural Laboratories

The Blue Gold products have undergone extensive testing at the institutions listed below and are endorsed and/or accredited by these institutions:

South African Bureau of Standards (SABS)

Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)

University of Kwazulu-Natal

University of Witwatersrand (Johannesburg)

ERWAT (East Rand Water)

SGS (Global Certification & Testing Company)

Pathsure Laboratories

Van Drimmelin Laboratories

Department of Health (South Africa)

Rand Water

Radiation Central Agricultural Laboratories

SA Bureau of Standards (SABS) BlueGold as a point of use water sterilization agent conforms to SABS241 / SANS241 standards; These standards conform with and are in line with Global standards; A microbiological evaluation on BlueGold was done on a sample spiked with Vibrio Cholerae; BlueGold proved to be effective in eradicating the Vibrio Cholerae pathogen …… ./ July 2007 Endorsements & Accreditations:

SA Bureau of Standards (SABS)

BlueGold as a point of use water sterilization agent conforms to SABS241 / SANS241 standards;

These standards conform with and are in line with Global standards;

A microbiological evaluation on BlueGold was done on a sample spiked with Vibrio Cholerae;

BlueGold proved to be effective in eradicating the Vibrio Cholerae pathogen

…… ./

Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) The product holds no toxicity levels in its current application ERWAT (East Rand Water), SGS, Rand Water, Pathsure Laboratories, CAL Product leaves no heavy metal residu and build-up when used in 1000 times the recommended dosage; Product eradicates major pathogen groups, i.e. Salmonella, Vibrio, E.coli, Shigella, Streptococci, etc July 2007

Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)

The product holds no toxicity levels in its current application

ERWAT (East Rand Water), SGS, Rand Water, Pathsure Laboratories, CAL

Product leaves no heavy metal residu and build-up when used in 1000 times the recommended dosage;

Product eradicates major pathogen groups, i.e. Salmonella, Vibrio, E.coli, Shigella, Streptococci, etc

Bottled Water Market The International Bottled Water Association (IBWA), in conjunction with Beverage Marketing Corporation (BMC), released bottled water statistics for the year 2006, compiled by BMC. These numbers show that U.S. bottled water sales and consumption continue to rise, as consumers increasingly choose bottled water over other beverages. The latest upward trend was reflected in 2006 when total bottled water volume exceeded 8.25 billion gallons, a 9.5 percent increase over 2005, and the 2006 bottled water per capita consumption level of 27.6 gallons increased by over two gallons, from 25.4 gallons per capita the previous year. Additionally, the wholesale dollar sales for bottled water exceeded $10.8 billion in 2006, an 8.5 percent increase over the $10 billion in 2005 July 2007

The International Bottled Water Association (IBWA), in conjunction with Beverage Marketing Corporation (BMC), released bottled water statistics for the year 2006, compiled by BMC. These numbers show that U.S. bottled water sales and consumption continue to rise, as consumers increasingly choose bottled water over other beverages.

The latest upward trend was reflected in 2006 when total bottled water volume exceeded 8.25 billion gallons, a 9.5 percent increase over 2005, and the 2006 bottled water per capita consumption level of 27.6 gallons increased by over two gallons, from 25.4 gallons per capita the previous year. Additionally, the wholesale dollar sales for bottled water exceeded $10.8 billion in 2006, an 8.5 percent increase over the $10 billion in 2005

Bottled Water Market July 2007

Bottled Water Market July 2007

Bottled Water Market July 2007 One Third of Bottled Water Contain Contaminants: About 25% of bottled water sold is simply re-processed/used municipal(city) water according to a 1999 study in the United States. About 22 percent of brands that are tested contain, in at least one sample, chemical contaminants at levels above strict state health limits. If consumed over a long period of time, some of these contaminants could cause cancer or other health problems Bottled water processed with distillation or reverse osmosis lacks fluoride ions which are sometimes naturally present in groundwater, or added at a water treatment plant and which has an effect on the inhibition of cavity formation; the drinking of distilled may conceivably increase the risk of tooth decay due to a lack of this element Bottled water is typically printed with expiration dates. Even if the water itself is pure, a plastic container may leak chemicals such as phthalates or Bisphenol A into the bottled water. Storage in cool and dark places helps reduce leaching of these chemicals. Industry associations claim "bottled water can be used indefinitely if stored properly." If the original water bottled is not pure, especially if it contained biological contaminants, then the water quality will continue to degrade regardless of the storage container or conditions.