Monroe countyschoolsrochesterpart2

What Changes with Mobile? Everything and Nothing

What doesn’t change? The User User needs vs. user context Content (versus format and display) Questions and improving the quality of questions Creativity and human progress Stability = fossilization

What changes with mobile? The Ecosystem Communication devices move increasingly from feature phones to smartphones Personal computing moves to a hybrid environment of laptops and tablets (plus a few power desktop anchors) In libraries the dominant mobile task environments are based on answers, communities and e-learning

 Content – duh. Format and display considerations The reading experience (PDF, App, eBook, Wall, Tweets, etc.) The learning experience The entertainment experience Streaming versus downloading Instant and ‘live’ (Bloggie)

 Standards Apps versus HTML5 XML ePub, Kindle Book, PDF, HTML5, etc. Tablets versus e-Reader experience (human biology does not change quickly)

 Concept of Place Geo-IP Google Maps integration Sign in and Authentication Rights and permissions management Concept of ‘Place’ tied to ‘User’ Geo-location

 Identity Personal phone versus home/family phone Consequences for library cardholder management Are librarians and library value systems in conflict with the new ecosystem and market values? Will adults continue to respect and trust library straitjackets?

 Frictionless-ness Commerce Square (from Jack Dorsey founder of Twitter) Embedded e-commerce ecology in smartphones Death of QR codes $5/gallon gasoline . . . and the library value proposition of ‘free’

 Frictionless-ness commerce In App purchasing and/or seamless buying? Commerce in a virtual goods space (start with $billion market for gaming goods and extend to other goods Other goods are a parallel commercial and retail environment in ‘goods’ relevant to libraries – e-books, streaming media, audio like music MP3, lessons and podcasts, articles, learning objects, games, tests, etc.

 Opportunity 1. Search personalization (e.g. Google) 2. Push personalization (e.g. Facebook) 3. Integration of sound, video, text, mail, communication, soci al and business cohorts 4. Advertising 5. Major changes in usability: Voice response like Siri, gesture interfaces, face recognition, geo-restrictions, sentiment search, semantic, linked data, data mining, etc.

 Business Models Pressure on consumer and institutional models as purchasing agent Pressure on retailer model Subscription models for e-Content (like Netflix for entertainment but extended to e-books from Amazon, 24Symbols or Bookish, etc.) On demand and micropayment models Author embedded models like Pottermore Books as apps or as vehicles for ads & purchases

 Google (Android partners, Motorola acquisition) Microsoft (Skype acquisition) Facebook (post-IPO) eBay Apple (iTunes and App Store) Twitter (& Square) Research in Motion (as an acquisition target?) Amazon Open Source or any company on the fringes that is disruptive as a new player or an acquisition target)

 Living in a parallel world Serving a hybrid world Changing their strategic planning models to add more stretch into the environmental scans, creative thinking and imagination Bringing staff and profession along the curve 12 steps . . .

 Differential Adoption The generations are adopting at much different rates and for different purposes Boomers are the primary adopters of e- reading Adult women are a major market for e- gaming Students are resisting e-textbook adoption – for now. Tablet adoption (ownership) doubled over Christmas 2011 (Pew)

 On the sidelines of a war Watching the emerging commercial battlefield (foundation vs. application) Android, RIM, Windows, Apple iOS, other . . . The end of the flip phone or feature phone At the same time as the end of CD and DVD and more e-Books and e-content formats Dealing with new potential walled gardens for e-content (app stores, e-formats, single device stuff, etc.)

 Differential Behaviors The generations have very different attitudes towards mobile: Privacy Ownership and access rights Information ethics e-Commerce Reading Forced adoption Usage tracking Government involvement

 Digital Filtering Are we comfortable with content filtering and use filtering based on:  age, race, gender, location?  policy (criticism, definition of porn)?  the device owner or app store rules and policies?  adjustment of search algorithm by personal history, behavior timeline, and user profile? Whither freedom to read? Ownership, rental, options? Balance in the use, read and purchase ecology

 Address our internal struggles with: Fiction versus non-fiction content Books versus databases Marketing and promotion ecosystem of content Historical content (e.g. PDF repositories) Printing and end user retro-conversions (hardcopy, 3D, CD, DVD, USB, etc. - OMG) Role of QR Codes, Barcodes, RFID, etc. (plane tickets) Mobile will be the dominant personal technology but never the sole form factor Being a valid relationship in the hybrid ecology ...

 Playing with vendor apps Developing Library apps – learn by doing Most good content vendors have first or second generation apps to play with and many are free Many ILS vendors too including ILS enhancement layers like Bibliocommons and LibraryThing. It’s too early to form anything more than an opinion and those who don’t play aren’t learning fast enough. Use a smartphone.

 Pilot and experiment with mobile social cohorts in the library Clubs Classes (mobile training or extended learning) Reading cohorts and book clubs Associations Fundraising Meetings Teams (business or sport)

 Actively lobby and educate to ensure that the emerging mobile ecosystem supports the values and principles of librarianship for balance in the rights of end users for use, access, learning and research. Support vendors and laws to be as agnostic as possible by ensuring that, as afar as possible your services and content offerings support the widest range of devices, formats, browsers, and platforms.

 Design for frictionless access using such opportunities as geo-IP and mobile ready websites Test everything in all browsers – mobile or not. Invest in usability research and testing and learn from it and share your learning. Watch key developments in major publishing spaces – kiddy lit, textbooks, e- learning, fiction, etc.

 This is an evolution not a revolution The REAL revolution was the Internet and the Web. The hybrid ecology is winning in the near term for operating systems and content formats. This is good since competition drives innovation. Engage in critical thinking not raw criticism. Be constructive. Critical thinking is not part of dogma or religious fervor or fan boy behavior.

 This is an evolution not a revolution Perfectionism will not move us forward at this juncture. Really understand the digital divide and remove your economic and social class blinkers Get over library obsession with statistics and comprehensiveness. Get excellent at real measurements, sampling and understanding impact and satisfaction. (Analytics, Foresee, Pew)

 This is an evolution not a revolution We need to revisit the concept of preservation, archives, repositories, and conservation. Check out new publishing models like Flipboard. Watch for emerging book enhancements and other features that will challenge library metadata, selection policies, and collection development.

Broadband You must clearly understand the latest US FCC Whitespace Broadband Decision – THIS IS TRANSFORMATIONAL and going global Net neutrality, kill switches . . . Local wired, mobile access ‘everywhere’ to the home and workplace on a personal basis Geo-awareness: GIS, GPS, GEO-IP, etc. Wireless as a business strategy (Starbucks) Mobile dominates the largest generation

Speaking of e- Books...

Borders Kobo, B&N Nook, Amazon Kindle, Apple iPad, Sony, etc. . . .

Context Information and Knowledge-based economy Globalization Canada is a leading education economy Stress on core markets (US) Changing knowledge about current crop of students (genome, eye tracking, gaming, IQ, ICT and social behaviours, etc.) Information ethics and copyright

Books Reception of Reading and Experience Fiction – paper, e-paper Non-Fiction Articles - disaggregation Media – physical vs. streaming Learning Objects Stories vs. Pedagogy

Technology Context Cloud (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS) Laptops and Tablets Mobility / Smartphones Bandwidth (Wired, WiFi, Whitespace) Learning Management Systems Streaming video and audio vs. download HTML5 and Apps – the battle Advertising auction models and ‘product’ New(ish) Players (Amazon, Apple, G, B&N, Uni’s, states/provinces/nations)

The BASICS Containers for Pedagogy Created by Teams (e.g. 40,000 authors a year for Cengage alone) (yes that’s a lot of lawyers) Copyright and complicated layering of millions of rights (creators - pictures, graphics, video, tests, text, documents, etc.) Serious Lawsuits: Feist, Texaco, LSUC, Tasini, NatGeo, Authors Guild, GBS, etc. Complex extension opportunities (links to articles, databases, library assistance, etc.)

Textbook Challenges Format Agnosticism Browsers: IE, Chrome, Firefox, Safari Devices: Macintosh, PC Desktops & Laptops Mobile: Laptops, Tablets (iPad, Fire, etc.) Mobile: Smartphones (iPhone, Blackberry, Android, Windows, etc.) Container: PDF, ePub, .mobi, Kindle, etc. Learning Management System: Blackboard / WebCT, D2L, Moodle, Sakai, etc. Purchasing (Amazon, B&N, Chegg, CengageBrain, Apple Store, University Textbook Store, etc.)

Should we tie students and professors to a specific and proprietary device, operating system, browser, or LMS?

What is the priority?  Price, Cost, Value, ROI Managing or Mandating the Adoption Curve  Learning and Progress  Societal Impact = 17%, 40%, 70%?

Death of the Textbook? Shallow pool innovation – e-copies, really? Open Access Textbooks? Coursepacks and e-coursepacks? Apple? Google? Pearson, McGraw-Hill, Cengage Etc.

What is Changing?1. Componentization of pedagogy2. Enhanced textbooks (tests, tracking, video, etc.)3. Advanced e-learning4. Ability to archive5. The purchaser matrix (individual student, class, institutions, state/province/country)6. Textbook boundaries (library links first…)

Pricing Models Buy the print copy Buy the exact electronic copy of the print Buy both (bundling) Rent the print or e-copy for a specified period Create custom coursepacks in print or e-copy Buy at the course level included in fee Buy at the institution / enterprise level Buy at the state/province level Espresso Book Machines Pay-per-use, micro-payments, ‘Square’ and phones

This era will see a Fundamental Reimagining the TextbookFor the present there will be those who resist and the resisters will be the majority.

Can we frame the e-book issue sothat it can be addressed rationally?

Fiction

Non-Fiction

E-Learning

Be More Open to the Users’ Paths - Filtering

What Would You Attempt IfYou Knew You Would Not Fail?

A Third Path

There are no knights onhorses in technology.

The VAST majority of library use is virtual and is dwarfed by all information use

‘Reading’ trumps print books . . .

7 Learning Styles

Stephen Abram, MLS, FSLAVP strategic partnerships and markets Cengage Learning (Gale) Cel: 416-669-4855 stephen.abram@cengage.com Stephen’s Lighthouse Blog http://stephenslighthouse.com Facebook, Pinterest: Stephen Abram LinkedIn / Plaxo: Stephen Abram Twitter: @sabram SlideShare: StephenAbram1

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Monroe countyschoolsrochesterpart2

by Stephen Abram

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