The Future of Technology and Education Steve Spengler, Coordinator Educational Technology Services Colonial Intermediate Unit 20

Technology — Then and Now $6.80 per student $5.23 per student Professional development $14.30 per student (includes networking $5.42 per student Internet services $9.70 per student $6.51 per student Instructional software $30.20 per student (Projected) $44.01 per student Hardware $6.15-$8.22 billion (Projected) $5.4 billion Total technology expenditures $80.40 per student $47.39 per student Dollars from local, state, and federal sources 2002-03 1997-98 Technology Spending

Technology — Then and Now 96% 65.2% Internet use by teachers 15% n/a Classrooms w/ Web pages 79% 47% Schools w/ Web pages 76% 39% Schools w/ filtering software 94% 48% Schools w/ AUPs 10% n/a Classrooms w/ wireless Internet 91% 40% Classrooms w/ Internet 99% 65% Schools w/ Internet connectivity 2002-03 1997-98 Internet Access

Technology — Then and Now 3.5 to 1 6.3 to 1 No. of students/computer 5% (2001-02) 24% Apple II, Non-windows, other 26% (2001-02) 41% Mac computers/district 69% (2001-02) 35% Wintel machines/district 9% n/a Laptops 13.6% n/a Handheld usage 6.0 to 1 19.7 to 1 No. of students/Internet connected computer 6.0 to 1 13.5 to 1 No. of students/mm computer 2002-03 1997-98 Computer Access

Current Technologies Internet and the World Wide Web Asynchronous online learning Web-based applications accessible from outside the school environment Email, Chat and Instant Messaging replacing traditional forms of communication Primary information/resource source

Internet and the World Wide Web

Asynchronous online learning

Web-based applications accessible from outside the school environment

Email, Chat and Instant Messaging replacing traditional forms of communication

Primary information/resource source

Current Technologies “ Mobile” Technologies Personal Handheld Computers Will continue to get more sophisticated Cell Phones Laptops Wireless devices These technologies are all merging into single devices!

“ Mobile” Technologies

Personal Handheld Computers

Will continue to get more sophisticated

Cell Phones

Laptops

Wireless devices

These technologies are all merging into single devices!

Current Technologies PlayStation/Xbox multimedia and application design Raises the bar on student expectations Video transmission Conferencing Internet-based Cell Phone-based

PlayStation/Xbox multimedia and application design

Raises the bar on student expectations

Video transmission

Conferencing

Internet-based

Cell Phone-based

Emerging Technologies Internet2 100X faster than today’s commodity Internet Examples of Uses CyberLearning with video Libraries of archival digital video footage Advanced videoconferencing—direct to the desktop Use remote instruments such as electron microscopes, robotic vehicles, satellites 3-dimensional images with virtual reality Tele-immersion—allows people to interact in real time as if they were in the same room even though they might be separated by time and space Videostreaming of multimedia content

Internet2

100X faster than today’s commodity Internet

Examples of Uses

CyberLearning with video

Libraries of archival digital video footage

Advanced videoconferencing—direct to the desktop

Use remote instruments such as electron microscopes, robotic vehicles, satellites

3-dimensional images with virtual reality

Tele-immersion—allows people to interact in real time as if they were in the same room even though they might be separated by time and space

Videostreaming of multimedia content

Emerging Technologies Internet2 cont . 7200 schools, 550 community colleges, 500 colleges/universities, 1500 public libraries, and 100 museums 32 states involved Need switched 100 MB Ethernet connections to the classroom and at least a 50 MB pipeline running into the schools to take advantage of I2’s resources

Internet2 cont .

7200 schools, 550 community colleges, 500 colleges/universities, 1500 public libraries, and 100 museums

32 states involved

Need switched 100 MB Ethernet connections to the classroom and at least a 50 MB pipeline running into the schools to take advantage of I2’s resources

Emerging Technologies Costs Depends on location and other variables Can purchase in bandwidth increments Estimates for typical T-1 circuit range from $350 to $1000 per month but could be higher depending on distance from the I2 access pt. Not eRate eligible.

Costs

Depends on location and other variables

Can purchase in bandwidth increments

Estimates for typical T-1 circuit range from $350 to $1000 per month but could be higher depending on distance from the I2 access pt.

Not eRate eligible.

Learning Applications

Emerging Technologies

Emerging Technologies Wireless Drastically changing all other technologies! Known as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 802.11 Ubiquitous, always on Internet access Even on a small scale, it can create a big impact

Wireless

Drastically changing all other technologies!

Known as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 802.11

Ubiquitous, always on Internet access

Even on a small scale, it can create a big impact

Emerging Technologies Wireless cont. Benefits More easily integrated into the classroom when you don’t have to worry about wires! Provide access to distant or hard to wire locations, such as portable classrooms or transportation facilities Can have multiple users accessing the network without the cost of multiple hardwire drops to the classroom.

Wireless cont.

Benefits

More easily integrated into the classroom when you don’t have to worry about wires!

Provide access to distant or hard to wire locations, such as portable classrooms or transportation facilities

Can have multiple users accessing the network without the cost of multiple hardwire drops to the classroom.

Emerging Technologies Wireless cont. Fixed wireless LAN—access point is located in fixed locations and computers with a wireless card can access it and the network within a certain range. Mobile labs—the access point is located on a rolling cart that can be wheeled from one room to another Creates an ad-hoc wireless LAN wherever the cart is connected to an ethernet cable.

Wireless cont.

Fixed wireless LAN—access point is located in fixed locations and computers with a wireless card can access it and the network within a certain range.

Mobile labs—the access point is located on a rolling cart that can be wheeled from one room to another

Creates an ad-hoc wireless LAN wherever the cart is connected to an ethernet cable.

Emerging Technologies Wireless cont. Security is an important issue but can be overcome. Poorly protected personal devices, such as your PDA, laptops, etc. Poorly protected networks—need VPN encryption on top of other encryption that is built-in to wireless devices.

Wireless cont.

Security is an important issue but can be overcome.

Poorly protected personal devices, such as your PDA, laptops, etc.

Poorly protected networks—need VPN encryption on top of other encryption that is built-in to wireless devices.

Emerging Technologies Handheld Computing Low cost and powerful Increasingly used for instant student assessment Versatile plug-ins Digital cameras eBooks Audio files Standard applications Internet access Digital video clips

Handheld Computing

Low cost and powerful

Increasingly used for instant student assessment

Versatile plug-ins

Digital cameras

eBooks

Audio files

Standard applications

Internet access

Digital video clips

Emerging Technologies The Tablet PC Potential to completely rewrite how students interact with computers Uses handwriting and voice recognition Examples of Uses Digitize and electronically store handwritten notes/diagrams/drawings Search for handwritten or voice material Promote “paperless” processes

The Tablet PC

Potential to completely rewrite how students interact with computers

Uses handwriting and voice recognition

Examples of Uses

Digitize and electronically store handwritten notes/diagrams/drawings

Search for handwritten or voice material

Promote “paperless” processes

Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology The science of manipulating single atoms and molecules Examples of uses Ultra-dense storage capability Malleable newspapers or lightweight textbooks that could include video as well as words Gets us closer to real electronic paper

Nanotechnology

The science of manipulating single atoms and molecules

Examples of uses

Ultra-dense storage capability

Malleable newspapers or lightweight textbooks that could include video as well as words

Gets us closer to real electronic paper

Emerging Technologies Thought-Controlled Computers Move a cursor on the screen by thinking Tested and working in animals at several laboratories Currently requires a fingernail-size brain implant Uses Hard to imagine!

Thought-Controlled Computers

Move a cursor on the screen by thinking

Tested and working in animals at several laboratories

Currently requires a fingernail-size brain implant

Uses

Hard to imagine!

What does this mean for schools? Teaching and Learning have changed! Instant gratification required Rules of “engagement” have increased Differentiation of instruction expected through differentiated task entry points to meet individual needs Local home/classroom virtual libraries that are media and information rich readily available

Teaching and Learning have changed!

Instant gratification required

Rules of “engagement” have increased

Differentiation of instruction expected through differentiated task entry points to meet individual needs

Local home/classroom virtual libraries that are media and information rich readily available

What does this mean for schools? Multi “text” approach to learning Increased student collaboration—in new paradigms Instant feedback and remediation Assessment becomes an ongoing and frequent activity Exploration, interactive, and inquiry-based learning take center stage Learning takes place in real-world contexts Learning takes place in places other than the classroom through asynchronous learning opportunities New methods of delivering instruction

Multi “text” approach to learning

Increased student collaboration—in new paradigms

Instant feedback and remediation

Assessment becomes an ongoing and frequent activity

Exploration, interactive, and inquiry-based learning take center stage

Learning takes place in real-world contexts

Learning takes place in places other than the classroom through asynchronous learning opportunities

New methods of delivering instruction

Challenges and Opportunities for Teachers and Administrators Keeping up with the kids! Learning new strategies to keep students engaged Developing the vision to see the potential Keeping the eye on the ball—student achievement Developing appropriate forms of assessment for technology supported learning Maintaining the home/school connection

Keeping up with the kids!

Learning new strategies to keep students engaged

Developing the vision to see the potential

Keeping the eye on the ball—student achievement

Developing appropriate forms of assessment for technology supported learning

Maintaining the home/school connection

Barriers to Implementation Costs to keep up and current Current budget woes Skepticism regarding benefits of technology for learning and achievement Security concerns Teacher skills to integrate technology seamlessly into the learning environment Teacher vs. student skills The “Digital Divide” Existing paradigms—online textbooks vs. print, e.g. eDependence

Costs to keep up and current

Current budget woes

Skepticism regarding benefits of technology for learning and achievement

Security concerns

Teacher skills to integrate technology seamlessly into the learning environment

Teacher vs. student skills

The “Digital Divide”

Existing paradigms—online textbooks vs. print, e.g.

eDependence

Public Policy Issues Professional development of teachers and administrators Equity of access in school and at home Fiscal realities Keeping up with the latest advances Support issues Copyright Security and safety

Professional development of teachers and administrators

Equity of access in school and at home

Fiscal realities

Keeping up with the latest advances

Support issues

Copyright

Security and safety

Moving to a new generation First Generation Focused on Acquisition : obtaining the equipment and building the infrastructure Second Generation Focused on Integration : seeking effective strategies for using technology to support teaching and learning Third Generation Must focus on Transformation : using technology to fundamentally reshape the nature of teaching and learning

First Generation

Focused on Acquisition : obtaining the equipment and building the infrastructure

Second Generation

Focused on Integration : seeking effective strategies for using technology to support teaching and learning

Third Generation

Must focus on Transformation : using technology to fundamentally reshape the nature of teaching and learning

Questions/Thoughts?