The Future of Technology and Education

The Future of Technology and Education Steve Spengler, Coordinator Educational Technology Services Colonial Intermediate Unit 20

Technology — Then and Now $6.80 per student $5.23 per student Professional development $14.30 per student (includes networking $5.42 per student Internet services $9.70 per student $6.51 per student Instructional software $30.20 per student (Projected) $44.01 per student Hardware $6.15-$8.22 billion (Projected) $5.4 billion Total technology expenditures $80.40 per student $47.39 per student Dollars from local, state, and federal sources 2002-03 1997-98 Technology Spending

Technology — Then and Now 96% 65.2% Internet use by teachers 15% n/a Classrooms w/ Web pages 79% 47% Schools w/ Web pages 76% 39% Schools w/ filtering software 94% 48% Schools w/ AUPs 10% n/a Classrooms w/ wireless Internet 91% 40% Classrooms w/ Internet 99% 65% Schools w/ Internet connectivity 2002-03 1997-98 Internet Access

Technology — Then and Now 3.5 to 1 6.3 to 1 No. of students/computer 5% (2001-02) 24% Apple II, Non-windows, other 26% (2001-02) 41% Mac computers/district 69% (2001-02) 35% Wintel machines/district 9% n/a Laptops 13.6% n/a Handheld usage 6.0 to 1 19.7 to 1 No. of students/Internet connected computer 6.0 to 1 13.5 to 1 No. of students/mm computer 2002-03 1997-98 Computer Access

Current Technologies
Internet and the World Wide Web
Asynchronous online learning
Web-based applications accessible from outside the school environment
Email, Chat and Instant Messaging replacing traditional forms of communication
Primary information/resource source

“ Mobile” Technologies
Personal Handheld Computers
Will continue to get more sophisticated
Cell Phones
Laptops
Wireless devices
These technologies are all merging into single devices!

PlayStation/Xbox multimedia and application design
Raises the bar on student expectations
Video transmission
Conferencing
Internet-based
Cell Phone-based

Emerging Technologies
Internet2
100X faster than today’s commodity Internet
Examples of Uses
CyberLearning with video
Libraries of archival digital video footage
Advanced videoconferencing—direct to the desktop
Use remote instruments such as electron microscopes, robotic vehicles, satellites
3-dimensional images with virtual reality
Tele-immersion—allows people to interact in real time as if they were in the same room even though they might be separated by time and space
Videostreaming of multimedia content

Internet2 cont .
7200 schools, 550 community colleges, 500 colleges/universities, 1500 public libraries, and 100 museums
32 states involved
Need switched 100 MB Ethernet connections to the classroom and at least a 50 MB pipeline running into the schools to take advantage of I2’s resources

Costs
Depends on location and other variables
Can purchase in bandwidth increments
Estimates for typical T-1 circuit range from $350 to $1000 per month but could be higher depending on distance from the I2 access pt.
Not eRate eligible.

Learning Applications

Wireless
Drastically changing all other technologies!
Known as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 802.11
Ubiquitous, always on Internet access
Even on a small scale, it can create a big impact

Wireless cont.
Benefits
More easily integrated into the classroom when you don’t have to worry about wires!
Provide access to distant or hard to wire locations, such as portable classrooms or transportation facilities
Can have multiple users accessing the network without the cost of multiple hardwire drops to the classroom.

Wireless cont.
Fixed wireless LAN—access point is located in fixed locations and computers with a wireless card can access it and the network within a certain range.
Mobile labs—the access point is located on a rolling cart that can be wheeled from one room to another
Creates an ad-hoc wireless LAN wherever the cart is connected to an ethernet cable.

Wireless cont.
Security is an important issue but can be overcome.
Poorly protected personal devices, such as your PDA, laptops, etc.
Poorly protected networks—need VPN encryption on top of other encryption that is built-in to wireless devices.

Handheld Computing
Low cost and powerful
Increasingly used for instant student assessment
Versatile plug-ins
Digital cameras
eBooks
Audio files
Standard applications
Internet access
Digital video clips

The Tablet PC
Potential to completely rewrite how students interact with computers
Uses handwriting and voice recognition
Examples of Uses
Digitize and electronically store handwritten notes/diagrams/drawings
Search for handwritten or voice material
Promote “paperless” processes

Nanotechnology
The science of manipulating single atoms and molecules
Examples of uses
Ultra-dense storage capability
Malleable newspapers or lightweight textbooks that could include video as well as words
Gets us closer to real electronic paper

Thought-Controlled Computers
Move a cursor on the screen by thinking
Tested and working in animals at several laboratories
Currently requires a fingernail-size brain implant
Uses
Hard to imagine!

What does this mean for schools?
Teaching and Learning have changed!
Instant gratification required
Rules of “engagement” have increased
Differentiation of instruction expected through differentiated task entry points to meet individual needs
Local home/classroom virtual libraries that are media and information rich readily available

What does this mean for schools?
Multi “text” approach to learning
Increased student collaboration—in new paradigms
Instant feedback and remediation
Assessment becomes an ongoing and frequent activity
Exploration, interactive, and inquiry-based learning take center stage
Learning takes place in real-world contexts
Learning takes place in places other than the classroom through asynchronous learning opportunities
New methods of delivering instruction

Challenges and Opportunities for Teachers and Administrators
Keeping up with the kids!
Learning new strategies to keep students engaged
Developing the vision to see the potential
Keeping the eye on the ball—student achievement
Developing appropriate forms of assessment for technology supported learning
Maintaining the home/school connection

Barriers to Implementation
Costs to keep up and current
Current budget woes
Skepticism regarding benefits of technology for learning and achievement
Security concerns
Teacher skills to integrate technology seamlessly into the learning environment
Teacher vs. student skills
The “Digital Divide”
Existing paradigms—online textbooks vs. print, e.g.
eDependence

Public Policy Issues
Professional development of teachers and administrators
Equity of access in school and at home
Fiscal realities
Keeping up with the latest advances
Support issues
Copyright
Security and safety

Moving to a new generation
First Generation
Focused on Acquisition : obtaining the equipment and building the infrastructure
Second Generation
Focused on Integration : seeking effective strategies for using technology to support teaching and learning
Third Generation
Must focus on Transformation : using technology to fundamentally reshape the nature of teaching and learning

Questions/Thoughts?

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The Future of Technology and Education

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