slides about basic anatomy of brain with cranial nerves for undergraduates.

1. DEPT OF NEUROSURGERY, CMCH, LUDHIANA

2. The Human Brain Master Watermark Image: http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

8. Cerebrum - The largest division of the brain. It is divided into two hemispheres, each of which is divided into four lobes. http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif Cerebrum Cerebrum Cerebellum

9. Cerebral Cortex - The outermost layer of gray matter making up the superficial aspect of the cerebrum. http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-6.tif.jpg Cerebral Cortex Cerebral Cortex

11. Gyri (ridge) Fissure (deep groove) Sulci (groove) http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

14. Longitudinal Fissure Transverse Fissure Sylvian/Lateral Fissure Central Sulcus http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg http://www.dalbsoutss.eq.edu.au/Sheepbrains_Me/human_brain.gif Specific Sulci/Fissures:

18. Primary Motor Cortex/ Precentral Gyrus Broca’s Area Orbitofrontal Cortex Olfactory Bulb Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg Regions Investigation (Phineas Gage)

21. Primary Somatosensory Cortex/ Postcentral Gyrus Primary Gustatory Cortex Somatosensory Association Cortex Regions Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

24. Primary Visual Cortex Visual Association Area Regions Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

27. Primary Auditory Cortex Wernike’s Area Primary Olfactory Cortex (Deep) Conducted from Olfactory Bulb Regions Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

29. Click the Region to see its Name Korbinian Broadmann - Learn about the man who divided the Cerebral Cortex into 52 distinct regions: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korbinian_Brodmann Modified from: http://www.bioon.com/book/biology/whole/image/1/1-8.tif.jpg

30. Lobes and Structures of the Brain B. A. C. D. E. F. G. http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

31. Lobes and Structures of the Brain B. A. (groove) C. (groove) D. E. F. G. B. Frontal Lobe G. Parietal Lobe F. Occipital Lobe D. Temporal Lobe A. Central Sulcus (groove) E. Transverse Fissure C. Sylvian/Lateral Fissure http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

32. Cortical Regions A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

33. Cortical Regions A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. A. Primary Motor Cortex/ Precentral Gyrus B. Broca’s Area C. Orbitofrontal Cortex K. Primary Somatosensory Cortex/ Postcentral Gyrus I. Primary Gustatory Cortex J. Somatosensory Association Cortex G. Primary Visual Cortex H. Visual Association Area E. Primary Auditory Cortex F. Wernike’s Area D. Primary Olfactory Cortex (Deep) http://williamcalvin.com/BrainForAllSeasons/img/bonoboLH-humanLH-viaTWD.gif

34. A: Primary Motor Cortex * This graphic representation of the regions of the Primary Motor Cortex and Primary Sensory Cortex is one example of a HOMUNCULUS: Homunculus

49. Q: Assuming this comical situation was factually accurate, what Cortical Region of the brain would these doctors be stimulating? Copyright: Gary Larson

52. N. Location of cell body and axon categories Cranial exit Terminal nuclei Main action Ⅰ Olfactory cells (SVA) Cribrifom foramina Olfactory bulb Smell Ⅱ Ganglion cells (SSA) Optic canal Lateral geniculate body Vision Ⅷ Vestibular ganglion(SSA) Internal acoustic meatus Vestibular nuclei Equilibrium Cochlear ganglion (SSA) Cochlear nuclei Hearing

56. N. Nucleus of origin and axon categories Cranial exit Main action Ⅲ Nucleus of oculomotor (GSE) Superior orbital fissure Motot to superior, inferior and medial recti; inferior obliquus; levator palpebrae superioris Accessory nucleus of oculomotor (GVE) Parasympathetic to sphincter pupillea and ciliary muscl Ⅳ Nucleus of trochlear nerve (GSE) Superior orbital fissure Motor to superior obliquus Ⅵ Nucleus of abducent nerve (GSE) Superior orbital fissure Motor to lateral rectus Ⅺ Nucleus of accessory nerve (SVE) Jugular foramen Motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius Ⅻ Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve( GSE) Hypoglossal canal Motot to muscles of tongue

59. Accessory nerve Abducent nerve

60. Hypoglossal nerve

61. Oculamotor paralysis Abducent nerve injury

79. Injury to the facial nerve

89. Superior laryngeal nerve External branch Internal branch

99. " Men ought to know that from nothing else but the brain come joys, delights, laughter and sports, and sorrows, griefs, despondency, and lamentations. Hippocrates ( 460 BC – ca. 370 BC)