Business-PMO & IT-PMO - What is the difference
Organizational differences of Project Management Offices and the real world challenges that Project Management Offices face based on their organizational alignment in the overall structure of the organization
1. Does one model fit all ? Where do you want to be?
Business-PMO & IT-PMO
What is the difference?
Stefan Rank, PMP
Project World November 2005
Orlando, Florida
2. Agenda
This is your agenda
You can ask all the questions you want
We have one hour
This is a workshop for you
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3. This is why you are here!
Project Management organizations (PMO,
EPMO, COE for PM) are vital components of all
types and sizes of corporations.
Organizationally they are aligned differently
based on size of the company and the initial
charter when they where established.
This session will focus on the organizational
differences of Project Management Offices and
the real world challenges that Project
Management Offices face based on their
organizational alignment in the overall structure
of the organization.
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4. Project Management Office Definition
A shared organizational structure that serves as a repository of information
for project reporting and disseminating best project management practices
A Project Management Office (PMO) is a shared competency designed to
integrate project management practices within an organization.
Source: www.nitoc.nv.gov/PROJ/projdocs/ATC-SummerSession.pdf
Sometimes called project office. This is the office or department responsible
for establishing, maintaining and enforcing project management processes,
procedures, and standards. It provides services, support, and certification
for project managers.
Source: it.csumb.edu/departments/data/glossary.html
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5. Program Management Definition
The coordinated management of a portfolio of projects to achieve a set of business objectives is
called program management. Or, a program might refer to an ongoing set of activities internal to
the organization, for example, a Total Quality Management program, workplace safety program,
supplier development program, etc.
Source: http://www.mapnp.org/library/prog_mng/prog_mng.htm
A portfolio of projects selected and planned in a coordinated way so as to achieve a set of defined
objectives, giving effect to various (and often overlapping) initiatives and/or implementing a strategy.
Source: http://maxwideman.com/pmglossary/PMG_P07.htm
Program management is the process of managing multiple on going projects. An example would be that of
designing, manufacturing and providing support infrastructure for an automobile make. This requires hundreds, or
even thousands, of separate projects. In an organization or Enterprise, Program Management also reflects thebe
Program management is the process of managing a portfolio of multiple ongoing projects. An example would
that of designing, manufacturing and providing support infrastructure for an automobile make. This requires
emphasis on coordinating and prioritizing resources across projects, departments, and entities to insure that
resource contentionthousands, of separate projects. In an organization or Enterprise, Program Management also
hundreds, or even is managed from a global focus.
reflects the emphasis on coordinating and prioritizing resources across projects, departments, and entities to
insure that resource contention is managed from a global focus.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_management
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6. Definitions of Project Management
Project management is a management approach
concerned with getting the job done, on time, within
budget, and according to specifications
Project Management is the art and culture of getting
work done
People responsible for doing something that has never
done before – for people who don’t know what they want
– who must first predict the unknown, make a plan to
complete with the unforeseen, and execute the plan with
too-limited resources that they don’t control and who are
held responsible for the results, even when miracles are
required
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7. Type of Project Management Offices
Project Management Office
Program Management Office
Program Office
Enterprise Project Management Office
Center of Excellence for Project Management
Project Office
PMO’s for program execution – temporary in
nature – dissolved after program completion
Product Management Office
“PMO out of the BOX” in six weeks
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8. Google & Yahoo result count
Term
Business PMO 426 88
IT-PMO 610 944
Enterprise PMO 924 1510
Project Office 2,050,000 1,490,000
Program Management 248,000 240,000
Office
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9. Business Program Management
Company Strategy Company strategy is defined on
Company Goals executive management level
Clearly defined
Strategy translates into business
measurable goals?
programs (Products & Services)
Business Programs
Projects are the building blocks
Define & Establish
programs that link to
company goals in the execution of organizational
strategy
Projects
Project level experience feeds
Projects are prioritized and
executed to achieve
completion of programs
back into programs and strategy
Tasks
Feedback loop is key – Measure
Execution of project tasks to
achieve project completion
at every level
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10. Business Program Management
Business drives technology
Business processes are automated by
technology
Technology is enabler for business
success
Technology needs to enable & improve
existing business processes
Technology not for the sake of technology
Time to market drives technology solutions
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11. Program Management & Project Management
Program Management – Project Management –
Doing the Right Things Doing Things Right
Develop and link operational and
Execute and deliver projects
strategic plans
Ensure triple constraint is met
Support & enable strategic
Deliver business solutions
planning
Execute governance and
Maintain and leverage business
control
and operational processes
Reporting and analysis
(knowledge)
Operate internal to project
Define, refine and own project
delivery
delivery processes
Define and use metrics and
service level agreements
Operation external to project
delivery
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12. Business & IT PMO Charter
Business - PMO Charter IT - PMO Charter
CEO level alignment CIO level alignment
Tied to CEO performance Tied to CIO performance
Company & Enterprise level IT Project Pipeline
scope
Technology projects enabling
Business & product oriented
business
Drives project pipeline across
Architecture & development &
business functions
system focus
Cost, Schedule, Quality, Scope
Business analysis function IT-project managers
Supports governance processes IT project management
Financial responsibility for Interface vs. business process
capital project cost & benefits thinking
and ROI
IT processes improvement,
Business portfolio management SDLC, Architecture
Project Life Cycle
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13. What are the major differences?
Customer
Business focus
Organizational alignment
Focus of work
PMO
Customer orientation
IT Business
Product orientation
Daily exposure to business concerns and
problems
Integration of business areas
Control function
Business analysis function
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14. Is this your day in the PMO?
Stakeholders: Business owners, Executive
owners
New product releases & enhancements
Sales & Marketing timelines
Projects driven by product release schedules
Projects driven by vendors & outside parties
Newest product features & enhancements
Product vs. Project
Revenue and cost implications of projects
Project prioritization in a “fast to market”
environment
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15. Organizational Alignment
CIO CEO CFO COO
Financial Operations
Technology Business
• Accounting •Customer
• Architecture Product
• Financial • Service
• Solutions • Sales
• Call center
• Systems • Marketing planning
• Operations • Logistics • SOX • Warehousing
• Databases • Governance • Audit • Engineering
• Technology • other controls • Facilities
Blueprint
CIO Research reports – Best practices for PMO’s:
At what level does your company employ a project office ?
2% not answered
39% Corporate – strategic
27% Division
27% functional group/business unit
6% local group or organization within function
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16. Roles and Responsibilities are split
Business PMO Information Technology
Architecture definition
Business requirements
Technology design
Business process design
Build technology solution
Facilitate
Hardware selection
Manage project
Develop solution
Coordinate departments Integrate systems
Financial tracking Test
IT schedule
Overall schedule
(Development /
Budget
operations / Architecture)
UAT
Technology selection
Business projects
Technology projects
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18. The people side
Project management organizations consist of people
People are key to deliver projects
People deliver on tasks in a project (WIFM !)
Highest risk factor: People
Don’t like the project
Don’t like the PM
...
Projects create people development opportunities
Projects can be seen as a major change to people
Change management is often times forgotten
Business side: New processes – perception of automation is
negative
IT: This technology is new – will it prevail? Can it be managed?
Projects can take the security of a departmental
structure away
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19. The business savvy Project Manager
Communicator
Business process understanding
Business process improvement
Business requirements
Product orientation
Technology understanding
Systems, Architecture, Development
Application, Testing (unit, integration)
Manages UAT
Adheres to processes and controls
PMI certified
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20. Factors for organizational alignment
Company size
Maturity and “age” of company
How close for comfort – what do I know about project
management
Where does strategic planning happen?
Doing the right things & Doing things right !
Independence
Control function
Visibility into work pipeline
Project, BAU, Other
Financial Controls
Today – SOX ! Control function – Project management
processes enable controls !
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21. Why Project Management Offices are created
Strategic objectives & goals are not being met
Major business endeavor
Historically driven based on need – in IT -Y2K
example (it is all over now!)
Senior management need for control
Project failures – schedules out of control
Cost out of control
Insufficient information on project status
No decision framework
Resource bottlenecks
Need for better controls & visibility
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22. Motivation for having a PMO
Are we doing the right things?
Are we doing things right?
Where does the money go?
What are we working on?
Why can’t I have this earlier?
Are we on schedule with this?
How does this impact our customers?
What are the dependencies?
Which resources can work on this?
Why is this not done yet?
Why did we loose this account or customer?
Lost opportunities!
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23. PMO – the CIO perspective (I)
Independent & non-political department
Coordination and management of
customers
“People People” – not technologists
Management of expectations & schedule
cost, quality
Rational framework for delivery of projects
Balance and scale
Prioritization of efforts
Definition of business solution
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24. PMO – the CIO perspective (II)
How do I exploit & leverage all the data
collected to make informed business
decisions
Focus on services to the enterprise
Do not do any business project activities
Technology is my business
The CIO is the technology and information
expert
IT focus – I need to succeed with the
projects that I am responsible for
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25. PMO – the Governance Perspective
PMO organizational alignment depends on executive
level management setup (CEO-President-CIO-CFO)
Strategic service department for project execution
Enabler for cross-functional efforts
Driver of new enterprise wide products & projects
Independent check & balance function
Controls around Schedule, Cost, Quality on projects
Definition of processes & project controls
Oversight and tracking of budget and spending for
projects
Real-time objective status reporting
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26. Business PMO Real World Challenges
Prioritization of programs & projects
Focus projects on customer needs and impacts
Keep cost down
Balance governance and project delivery needs
Schedule
Fast to market
Competition’s schedules
Resources & Resource constraints
Business resource constraints
IT resource constraints
Quality
When you run you stumble more easily
Build quality into the delivery process
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27. Integration of SDLC and PMLC
Bringing all elements together !
SDLC
QA
Business
Integrated
Process
processes
PMLC
Architecture
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28. The tools that help us
A FOOL WITH A TOOL IS STILL A FOOL
MS Project
Project
Life Cycle
Standard
Office Tools
Oracle Financials
Visio
Dashboards
Organizations have implemented tools in hopes of solving business problems, only to discover
that the root cause of the problem ends up being process related.
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29. Bottom Line
One size does not fit all!
Where will you place your PMO in your
organization to be setup for success?
How can your PMO provide value to the
organization?
What is it you want your PMO to be when
it grows up?
Are you “Doing the right things”?
Are you “Doing things right”?
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30. Questions ?
Did you get value out of the presentation?
Suggestions ?
Questions ?
E-mail: srank1@gmail.com
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