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ENTR 4800: Social Entrepreneurship

                       Class 1: Introduction to Social
                  Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise

                           Monday, September 13, 2010
Instructors:
Norm Tasevski (norm@socialentrepreneurship.ca)
Karim Harji (karim@socialentrepreneurship.ca)
                                                           1
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Source:
http://socialentrepreneurs.typepad.com/
the_school_for_social_ent/2009/01/how-
                                                              2
to-be-a-social-entrepreneur-poster.html
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Before we begin…




 This course is designed for those that want to start a
                     social venture




                                                                   3
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Course Director – Norm Tasevski




                                                      4
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Course Director – Karim Harji




                                                    5
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji

        What Makes YOU
        a (Social)
        Entrepreneur???




Source:
http://www.fahad.com/
2006_10_01_fahadinc_archive.html
                                                       6
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Agenda

•    Class Intros
•    Syllabus and Class Structure
•    Ground Rules
•    Defining Social Entrepreneurship
•    Defining Social Enterprise
•    What did we learn?
•    Next week




                                                            7
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




       ENTR 4800: Syllabus




Source:
http://www.teamemblem.com/comp140/
Student%20Midterm/sources.html
                                                         8
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Class Rules

              –    Participation - quality, not
                   quantity!
              –    No stupid questions (only
                   stupid answers)
              –    Respect your classmates –
                   attend and be punctual!




                                                       9
Defining Social Entrepreneurship…




Source:
http://www.picti.ps/NewsLetter/View.aspx?portalid=1&cpage=~Newsletter
View.aspx&tabid=1&tabindex=0&lang=en&mid=157&itemid=32&verno=1&pino=32
                                                                          10
&pvno=1&pl=en&page=~NewsLetterNewsLetterArchive.aspx&pmid=157
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji


        First, we need to understand
        entrepreneurship...




Source:
http://forum.belmont.edu/
cornwall/archives/
                                                         11
2004_10.html
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Entrepreneurs…




            …are motivated
                                               12
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




         Entrepreneurs…




                               …are innovative
Source:
http://itcilo.wordpress.com/
                                                                   13
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




        Entrepreneurs…




                                          …are resourceful
Source:
http://www.zazzle.ca/
what_would_macgyver_do_tshirt-235258167
                                                                               14
582150199
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Entrepreneurs…




            …take chances
                                              15
How is Social Entrepreneurship
Different?




                                 16
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




How is Social Entrepreneurship Different?




Motivation   Innovation   Resourcefulness     Risk Taking




                                                              17
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




But…
…motivations are different




                                               18
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Barefoot College




                                     19
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




But…
…innovation is different




                                             20
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Registered Disability Savings Program




                                                          21
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




But…
…resourcefulness is different




                                                  22
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




“Civic Engagement, Scaled Up”




                                                  23
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




But…
…risk taking is different




                                              24
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




“Banking for the Poor”




                                           25
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




 Other Differences
                          “Social       entrepreneurs are not content just to give a fish or
   Focus on “systems                how to teach fish. They will not rest until they have
        thinking” and           revolutionized the fishing industry”
  “systems change”:                                                                                Bill Drayton



                          “(Social entrepreneurs) work in areas where there is partial or
                         total market failure…what distinguishes them is that they are prepared
     Seek “profit” in
         traditionally      to strike a very different balance when it comes to creating
unprofitable pursuits:   value for those who would not normally be able
                                           to afford it”
                                                                                               John Elkington

                         David Bornstein: “Why do you work on the kinds of projects you do? Why don’t
                                              you just want to make a lot of money?”
    Possess a strong
  “ethical impetus”:
                         Fabio Rosa: “I am trying to build a little part of the world in which I would like to
                         live. A project only makes sense to me when it proves useful to make       people
                             happier and the environment more respected, and when it
                         represents a   hope for a better future. This is the soul of my
                                                              projects.”                                     26
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Some Definitions
•  “Social entrepreneurs identify resources where
   people only see problems. They view the villagers as
   the solution, not the passive beneficiary. They begin
   with the assumption of competence and unleash
   resources in the communities they are serving”
                                              David Bornstein



•  “A social entrepreneur is someone who recognizes
   a social problem and uses entrepreneurial principles
   to organize, create and manage a venture to
   make social change”
                                                     Wikipedia




                                                                27
Break




        28
Defining Social Enterprise…




                              29
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




                  30
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




What is a Social Enterprise?
•  Organizations (non-profit or for-profit) that imbed
   both social purpose and business purpose into their
   organization

•  Returns are both Social (i.e. impact) & Financial (i.e.
   profit)

•  Key distinguishing factor: How deep social &
   business purpose is imbedded




                                                                  31
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




A Question…




      What makes a business a business?




                                                            32
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Components of a Business




                               A transaction




           A product/service




  A goal                             A legal form

                                                                 33
How is Social Enterprise Different?




                                      34
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Social Enterprise has…



                                                           Yep
   Absolutely
                                 A transaction




             A product/service
                                         This one’s
                                         complicated
           Yeah, but…
  A goal                               A legal form

                                                                   35
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




The SE Product/Service



         It’s still…




But…
•  “Social benefit” is added somewhere on the value
   chain



                                                             36
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




What is Social Benefit?

•  For our purposes, social benefit may arise when one
   attempts to overcome an injustice or inequity in
   society that the market, on its own, cannot respond
   to
   –  E.g. creating employment opportunities for individuals that may not otherwise be
      employable in the marketplace


•  A similar concept – “environmental benefit”




                                                                                            37
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Exercise
•  Add social benefit to:




                                              38
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




The SE Transaction
Traditional Business   Social Enterprise




                           Customers




      Customers




                           “Clients”
                                                         39
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




TurnAround Couriers




                                        40
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




The SE Goal - Social vs. Financial Purpose

Social Purpose
   –  Creating a “social return” by making positive change
      within an inequitable social system
      •  Examples: Reduced Poverty, Improved Literacy


Financial Purpose
   –  Creating a “financial return”, usually through the sale of
      products/services in the marketplace


Blended Purpose
   –  Effecting social change by combining social and financial
      return
   –  Also called “Blended Value”

                                                                          41
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




A Common Dilemma
 •  Usual: Social enterprises feel they need to
    sacrifice social purpose for financial gain, or vice
    versa
 •  Ideal: Financial returns depend on social mission
    (and vice versa)




                                                                 42
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Viewing SE Through a “business lens”
•  How you think about cost
   –  Additional costs borne on business that achieves a social
      benefit (how do you incorporate? Valuate it?)
•  How you think about investment
   –  Opportunities to get investment through traditional models,
      but because your business is hybrid, the investment needs
      to be hybrid (i.e. layering of different financing
      mechanisms)
•  How you think about success
   –  Part of the social enterprise motivation is social, so you
      need to consider success in a dual lens. How do you
      articulate success in both of these spheres?



                                                                            43
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




The Legal Form
•  No clearly defined legal form for social enterprise in
   Canada
•  “Form follows function”




                                                                  44
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




A test…




                            45
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




What about…




                                46
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




What does this mean?




 Social                 CSR
 Enterprise


 Social                Complexity
 Enterprise

                                             47
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




What SE is and is Not

Social Enterprise Is Not…                  Social Enterprise Is…

•  A fundraising strategy (i.e. a “give”   •  A business line (i.e. a “sales” mentality)
mentality)

•  Solely focused on either “customers”    •  Focused on both “customers” and
or “clients”                               “clients”

•  Dependent on restricted funds for       •  Sustainable (ideally “self-sufficient”)
operations (i.e. not sustainable)

•  An event or one-off activity (e.g.      •  A continuous, market-driven activity
conferences, bake sales)

•  Providing value to clients only         •  Providing value to both “clients” and
                                           “customers” (and distinguishing
                                           between both!)

•  Quick                                   •  A venture that may take several years
                                           to become profitable/sustainable
                                                                                           48
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Some Definitions
•  “An organization or venture that achieves its primary
   social or environmental mission using business methods.”
                                               Social Enterprise Alliance



•  “Business ventures operated by non-profits, whether they
   are societies, charities, or co-operatives.”
                                            Enterprising Non-Profits (enp)



•  “… social mission driven organizations which apply
   market-based strategies to achieve a social purpose.
   The movement includes both non-profits that use
   business models to pursue their mission and for-profits
   whose primary purposes are social.”
                                                                Wikipedia



                                                                          49
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




What did we learn?




                                       50
© Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji




Next Week

•  Bill Young – Have Questions Ready!!

•  1st deliverable – your social enterprise idea…

•  Readings




                                                                 51

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ENTR4800 Class 1: Definitions and Examples of Social Entrepreneurship

  • 1. ENTR 4800: Social Entrepreneurship Class 1: Introduction to Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprise Monday, September 13, 2010 Instructors: Norm Tasevski (norm@socialentrepreneurship.ca) Karim Harji (karim@socialentrepreneurship.ca) 1
  • 2. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Source: http://socialentrepreneurs.typepad.com/ the_school_for_social_ent/2009/01/how- 2 to-be-a-social-entrepreneur-poster.html
  • 3. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Before we begin… This course is designed for those that want to start a social venture 3
  • 4. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Course Director – Norm Tasevski 4
  • 5. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Course Director – Karim Harji 5
  • 6. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What Makes YOU a (Social) Entrepreneur??? Source: http://www.fahad.com/ 2006_10_01_fahadinc_archive.html 6
  • 7. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Agenda •  Class Intros •  Syllabus and Class Structure •  Ground Rules •  Defining Social Entrepreneurship •  Defining Social Enterprise •  What did we learn? •  Next week 7
  • 8. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji ENTR 4800: Syllabus Source: http://www.teamemblem.com/comp140/ Student%20Midterm/sources.html 8
  • 9. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Class Rules –  Participation - quality, not quantity! –  No stupid questions (only stupid answers) –  Respect your classmates – attend and be punctual! 9
  • 11. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji First, we need to understand entrepreneurship... Source: http://forum.belmont.edu/ cornwall/archives/ 11 2004_10.html
  • 12. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Entrepreneurs… …are motivated 12
  • 13. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Entrepreneurs… …are innovative Source: http://itcilo.wordpress.com/ 13
  • 14. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Entrepreneurs… …are resourceful Source: http://www.zazzle.ca/ what_would_macgyver_do_tshirt-235258167 14 582150199
  • 15. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Entrepreneurs… …take chances 15
  • 16. How is Social Entrepreneurship Different? 16
  • 17. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji How is Social Entrepreneurship Different? Motivation Innovation Resourcefulness Risk Taking 17
  • 18. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji But… …motivations are different 18
  • 19. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Barefoot College 19
  • 20. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji But… …innovation is different 20
  • 21. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Registered Disability Savings Program 21
  • 22. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji But… …resourcefulness is different 22
  • 23. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji “Civic Engagement, Scaled Up” 23
  • 24. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji But… …risk taking is different 24
  • 25. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji “Banking for the Poor” 25
  • 26. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Other Differences “Social entrepreneurs are not content just to give a fish or Focus on “systems how to teach fish. They will not rest until they have thinking” and revolutionized the fishing industry” “systems change”: Bill Drayton “(Social entrepreneurs) work in areas where there is partial or total market failure…what distinguishes them is that they are prepared Seek “profit” in traditionally to strike a very different balance when it comes to creating unprofitable pursuits: value for those who would not normally be able to afford it” John Elkington David Bornstein: “Why do you work on the kinds of projects you do? Why don’t you just want to make a lot of money?” Possess a strong “ethical impetus”: Fabio Rosa: “I am trying to build a little part of the world in which I would like to live. A project only makes sense to me when it proves useful to make people happier and the environment more respected, and when it represents a hope for a better future. This is the soul of my projects.” 26
  • 27. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Some Definitions •  “Social entrepreneurs identify resources where people only see problems. They view the villagers as the solution, not the passive beneficiary. They begin with the assumption of competence and unleash resources in the communities they are serving” David Bornstein •  “A social entrepreneur is someone who recognizes a social problem and uses entrepreneurial principles to organize, create and manage a venture to make social change” Wikipedia 27
  • 28. Break 28
  • 30. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji 30
  • 31. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What is a Social Enterprise? •  Organizations (non-profit or for-profit) that imbed both social purpose and business purpose into their organization •  Returns are both Social (i.e. impact) & Financial (i.e. profit) •  Key distinguishing factor: How deep social & business purpose is imbedded 31
  • 32. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji A Question… What makes a business a business? 32
  • 33. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Components of a Business A transaction A product/service A goal A legal form 33
  • 34. How is Social Enterprise Different? 34
  • 35. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Social Enterprise has… Yep Absolutely A transaction A product/service This one’s complicated Yeah, but… A goal A legal form 35
  • 36. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji The SE Product/Service It’s still… But… •  “Social benefit” is added somewhere on the value chain 36
  • 37. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What is Social Benefit? •  For our purposes, social benefit may arise when one attempts to overcome an injustice or inequity in society that the market, on its own, cannot respond to –  E.g. creating employment opportunities for individuals that may not otherwise be employable in the marketplace •  A similar concept – “environmental benefit” 37
  • 38. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Exercise •  Add social benefit to: 38
  • 39. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji The SE Transaction Traditional Business Social Enterprise Customers Customers “Clients” 39
  • 40. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji TurnAround Couriers 40
  • 41. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji The SE Goal - Social vs. Financial Purpose Social Purpose –  Creating a “social return” by making positive change within an inequitable social system •  Examples: Reduced Poverty, Improved Literacy Financial Purpose –  Creating a “financial return”, usually through the sale of products/services in the marketplace Blended Purpose –  Effecting social change by combining social and financial return –  Also called “Blended Value” 41
  • 42. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji A Common Dilemma •  Usual: Social enterprises feel they need to sacrifice social purpose for financial gain, or vice versa •  Ideal: Financial returns depend on social mission (and vice versa) 42
  • 43. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Viewing SE Through a “business lens” •  How you think about cost –  Additional costs borne on business that achieves a social benefit (how do you incorporate? Valuate it?) •  How you think about investment –  Opportunities to get investment through traditional models, but because your business is hybrid, the investment needs to be hybrid (i.e. layering of different financing mechanisms) •  How you think about success –  Part of the social enterprise motivation is social, so you need to consider success in a dual lens. How do you articulate success in both of these spheres? 43
  • 44. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji The Legal Form •  No clearly defined legal form for social enterprise in Canada •  “Form follows function” 44
  • 45. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji A test… 45
  • 46. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What about… 46
  • 47. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What does this mean? Social CSR Enterprise Social Complexity Enterprise 47
  • 48. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What SE is and is Not Social Enterprise Is Not… Social Enterprise Is… •  A fundraising strategy (i.e. a “give” •  A business line (i.e. a “sales” mentality) mentality) •  Solely focused on either “customers” •  Focused on both “customers” and or “clients” “clients” •  Dependent on restricted funds for •  Sustainable (ideally “self-sufficient”) operations (i.e. not sustainable) •  An event or one-off activity (e.g. •  A continuous, market-driven activity conferences, bake sales) •  Providing value to clients only •  Providing value to both “clients” and “customers” (and distinguishing between both!) •  Quick •  A venture that may take several years to become profitable/sustainable 48
  • 49. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Some Definitions •  “An organization or venture that achieves its primary social or environmental mission using business methods.” Social Enterprise Alliance •  “Business ventures operated by non-profits, whether they are societies, charities, or co-operatives.” Enterprising Non-Profits (enp) •  “… social mission driven organizations which apply market-based strategies to achieve a social purpose. The movement includes both non-profits that use business models to pursue their mission and for-profits whose primary purposes are social.” Wikipedia 49
  • 50. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji What did we learn? 50
  • 51. © Norm Tasevski & Karim Harji Next Week •  Bill Young – Have Questions Ready!! •  1st deliverable – your social enterprise idea… •  Readings 51