Aall denver 2010

Getting from Here to There
And where is ‘There’ exactly, Anyway?

What Does ‘There’ Look Like
Not like catalog cards
Not MARC records
Not necessarily ‘records’ at all
Not entirely our data
Data sharing, but probably not with a center point
More open, less constrained by old assumptions about functionality
Includes more collaborators outside the library silo
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Standards Upgrade!
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Why RDA?
RDA is a FRBR-based approach to structuring bibliographic data
It contains more explicitly machine-friendly linkages (preferably with URIs)
There’s more emphasis on relationships and roles …
… and less emphasis on cataloger-created notes and text strings (particularly for identification)
Less emphasis on transcription (important in an increasingly digital world)
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RDA & FRBR: Registered!
RDA WEMI Elements:
http://metadataregistry.org/schema/show/id/1.html
RDA Roles:
http://metadataregistry.org/schema/show/id/4.html
RDA Vocabulary: Base Material
http://metadataregistry.org/vocabulary/show/id/35.html
FRBRer Model
http://metadataregistry.org/schemaprop/list/schema_id/5.html
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Who’s Doing This?
DCMI/RDA Task Group
See: http://dublincore.org/dcmirdataskgroup/
Set up during the April 2007 London meeting between JSC and DCMI
Gordon Dunsire and Diane Hillmann, co-chairs
Karen Coyle & Alistair Miles, consultants
IFLA Classification and Indexing Section
Gordon Dunsire, Centre for Digital Library Research, University of Strathclyde, registering FRBR entities and relationships, FRAD, ISBD, etc.
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Walking through a concrete example …
From the Cataloger Scenarios
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Jane Cataloger is assigned to work on a gift collection. Her first selection is a Latvian translation of Kurt Vonnegut's "Bluebeard: a novel." She searches the library database for the original work, and finds:
*Author: Kurt Vonnegut
*Title of the work: Bluebeard: a novel
*Form of work: Novel
*Original language of the work: English
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Translated to RDA/XML:
<frbrWork
ID="rda.basic/01”>
<rdarole:author>Kurt Vonnegut</rdarole:author>
<titleOfTheWork>Bluebeard: a novel</titleOfTheWork>
<formOfWork>Novel</formOfWork> <originalLanguageOfTheWork>English<originalLanguageOfTheWork>
</frbrWork>
Upgraded to RDA/XML with Links:
<frbrWork
<rdarole:author>http://lcnaf.info/79062641</rdarole:author>
<titleOfTheWork>Bluebeard: a novel</titleOfTheWork>
<formOfWork>http://RDVocab.info/genre/1008</formOfWork> <originalLanguageOfTheWork>http://marclang.info/eng </>
</frbrWork>

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with links to the following expression information:
*Language of expression: English
*Content type: Text
and one manifestation:
*Statement designating edition: 1st trade edition
*Place of publication: New York
*Publisher’s name: Delacorte Press
*Date of publication: 1987
*Extent of text: 300 pages
*Identifier for the manifestation: [ISBN]0385295901

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<frbrExpression
<contentType>Text</contentType> <languageOfExpression>English<languageOfExpression>
</frbrExpression>
<frbrExpression
<formOfWork>http://RDVocab.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020</> <languageOfExpression>http://marclang.info/eng </>
</frbrExpression>

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Translated to RDA/XML (with links below):
<frbrManifestation
<statementDesignatingEdition>1st Trade Edition</> <placeOfPublication>New York<placeOfPublication>
<publishersName>Delacorte Press</publishersName>
<dateOfPublication>1987</dateOfPublication>
<extentOfText>300 pages</extentOfText>
<identifierForTheManifestation>[ISBN]0385295901</>
</frbrManifestation>
<frbrManifestatiion
<statementDesignatingEdition>1st Trade Edition</> <placeOfPublication>http://www.getty.edu/tgn/7007567</>
<publishersName>http://onixpub.info/2039987</>
<identifierForTheManifestation>urn:ISBN:0385295901</>

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FRBR Group 1
Work
Exp: eng
Man: eng

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Jane begins her description by linking to the existing Work entity. She then creates an expression description:
*Content type: text
*Language of expression: Latvian
*Translator:Grigulis, Arvīds
She creates an authority record for the translator since none yet existed. She continues by creating a fuller description for the new manifestation, linking to the authority record for the Latvian publisher (what luck, it already existed!).
*Title: [in Latvian]
*Place of publication: Riga
*Publisher’s name: Liesma
*Date of publication: 1997
*Extent of Text: 315 pages

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<frbrExpression
<contentType>text</contentType> <languageOfExpression>Latvian<languageOfExpression>
<rdarole:translator>Grigulis, Arvīds</rdarole:translator>
</frbrExpression>
<frbrExpression
<formOfWork>http://RDVocab.info/termList/RDAContentType/1020</> <languageOfExpression>http://marclang.info/lav</>
<rdarole:translator>http://lcnaf.info/83219993
</frbrExpression>

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Translated to RDA/XML (with links below):
<frbrManifestation
<title>[in Latvian]</>
<placeOfPublication>Riga<placeOfPublication>
<publishersName>Liesma</publishersName>
<frbrManifestatiion
<placeOfPublication>http://www.getty.edu/tgn/7006484</>
<publishersName>http://onixpub.info/6770094</>

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FRBR Group 1
Work
Exp: eng
Exp: lav
Man: eng
Man: lav

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FRBR Group 2
FRBR Group 1
Work
Author
Translator
Publisher
Exp: eng
Exp: lav
Man: eng
Man: lav

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FRBR Group 2
FRBR Group 1
Work
Author
Translator
Exp: eng
Exp: lav
Publisher
FRBR Group 3
Concepts
Objects
Events
Places
Man: eng
Man: lav
Subjects

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FRBR Group 2
FRBR Group 1
Work
Author
Translator
Exp: eng
Exp: lav
Publisher
FRBR Group 3
Concepts
Objects
Events
Places
Man: eng
Man: lav
Subjects
Relationship
Vocabularies
Content Vocabularies
Other Information
In the “Cloud”
Media Vocabularies

Can Standards Help?
Not Necessarily Library Standards …
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Semantic Web Standards
RDF: Resource Description Framework
Statements about Web resources in the form of subject-predicate-object expressions, called triples
E.g. “This presentation” –“has creator” –“Diane Hillmann”
RDF Schema
Vocabulary description language of RDF
SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organisation System
Expresses the basic structure and content of concept schemes such as thesauri and other types of controlled vocabularies
An RDF application
OWL (Web Ontology Language)
Explicitly represents the meaning of terms in vocabularies and the relationships between them
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Semantic Web Building Blocks
Each component of an RDF statement (triple) is a “resource”
RDF is about making machine-processable statements, requiring
A machine-processable language for representing RDF statements
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
A system of machine-processable identifiers for resources (subjects, predicates, objects)
Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
For full machine-processing potential, an RDF statement is a set of three URIs
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Things Requiring Identification
Object “This presentation”
e.g. its electronic location (URL)
Predicate “has creator”
e.g. http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator
Object “Diane Hillmann”
One option: URI of entry in Library of Congress Name Authority File (real soon now?)
NAF: nr2001015786
Declaring vocabularies/values in SKOS and OWL provides URIs—essential for the Semantic Web
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Examining RDA Genetics
RDA’s model is primarily FRBR and FRAD, but also takes some of its DNA from Dublin Core
DC’s Abstract Model de-composes traditional metadata “records” and re-composes them with additional levels above and below what we’ve traditionally thought of as our “atomic level”
The DCAM also talks about “statements” in ways that help connect RDA to the Semantic Web
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A Dublin Core View of the World
DCMI Abstract Model: http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/

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A Dublin Core View of the World
DCMI Abstract Model: http://dublincore.org/documents/abstract-model/

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Anatomy of a Statement
Property
Value
Place of Production: New York
Value
String

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Anatomy of a Statement
Property
Value
Place of Production: http://www.getty.edu/tgn/7007567
Related
Description

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Description Sets a Key Concept!

Description Set=“A set of one or more descriptions, each of which describes a single resource.”*
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*DCAM Definition
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A Different Strategy
What Happens When We Give Up the Record as Our Basic Unit?
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Our View of the Internet, 1995
“The turning point for the World Wide Web was the introduction[4] of the Mosaic web browser[5] in 1993, a graphical browser developed by a team at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), led by Marc Andreessen.” -- Wikipedia
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What Would Happen If …
We stopped thinking about our data as ‘records’
Instead, we started thinking of our data as ‘statements’
We started thinking of these statements as able to be aggregated in a variety of ways, for a variety of purposes
Including sharing with others, both within the library and beyond
What would that look like?
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Statements on the Floor?
ID=23456 hasStatementOfEdition “1st trade edition”
ID=23456 hasPublicationDate “1987”
ID=23456 hasPublisher “Delacorte Press”
ID=23456 hasOriginalLanguage “English”
ID=23456 hasLanguageOfExpression “English”
ID=23456 hasAuthor “Kurt Vonnegut”
ID=23456 isFormOfWork “Novel”
ID=23456 hasPlaceOfPublication “New Yorkl”
ID=23456 hasPreferredTitle “Bluebeard, a novel”

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Is This Really Chaos?

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Or Just an Aggregation
In the Making?

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Work

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Expression

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Manifestation

Extensible Potential
Because of the way the RDA Vocabularies are built, specialized communities can extend them in ways that support (not break) interoperability
The aggregation of statements into FRBR ‘packages’ could be done in a completely different way to suit a particular community's needs without losing interoperability
This is an entirely different way of thinking about data:
It doesn’t require up-front consensus
It doesn’t imply losers and winners when needs conflict
It sets communities free to build interoperable data on their own terms
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Yet More Challenges
We need application profiles that express more than one notion of “Work” and more than one communitypoint of view
JSC still seeing the process through the lens of a text cataloger
The law library community (and others) have many unmet needs with the current RDA
Moving the MARC legacy data into RDA
OCLC has yet to reveal any details about their planning
The eXtensible Catalog Project has a running start on this
Multi-lingual and specialized extensions
Non-Anglo-American communities eager to participate
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Multi-lingual RDA
The Registry approach:
Translations of labels, definitions and comments reside within the save vocabulary, with separate language attributes
URIs stay the same, as do relationships
Responsibility for updating translations rests with translation “owner”—who is enabled as a maintainer in the main vocabulary
Requires a “web of trust” and organizational commitment
So far, seems to have support from JSC and ALA Publishing
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Some Questions (not answers)
If we base our notions of aggregation on FRBR, does that imply that we exchange data as FRBR WEMI packages?
Do those packages include all four levels, or one level only?
How will we manage the identity of these packages?
Identity is key to making sharing work well
Will we need to manage these statements as aggregates?
How will we continually upgrade and add data to these aggregations?
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The BIG Questions Remaining
What do we anticipate will be different about our changed working environment?
How will workflow change?
How will the data look?
What will the library vendor systems do with it?
How will we integrate user data? What kinds of user data?
What do we need to know to operate in this new environment?
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Thanks & Acknowledgements
Thanks for your attention!
Slides will be available on Slideshare: http://slideshare.net/smartbroad/
Contact for Diane:
Email: metadata.maven@gmail.com
Website: http://managemetadata.com/
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Aall denver 2010

by Diane I. Hillmann on Jul 13, 2010

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Aall denver 2010 — Presentation Transcript