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Doctrine 2.0
Enterprise Object Relational Mapper for PHP 5.3

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org ...

Jonathan H. Wage
• Web developer for over a decade
• Tech junky for even longer
• Open Source Evangelist
• Publish...

Jonathan H. Wage
• http://www.twitter.com/jwage
• http://www.jwage.com
...

Project History
• First commit April 13th 2006

• First stable version ﬁnished and Released September
1st 2008

• One of...

The Team
• Roman S. Borschel

• Guilherme Blanco

...

Object Relational Mapper
What is it?

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org w...

Object-relational mapping (ORM, O/RM, and O/R
mapping) in computer software is a programming
technique for converting data...

Doctrine1 vs Doctrine2

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

$The Doctrine1 Way class User extends Doctrine_Record { public function s...$

The Doctrine1 Way

$user = new User();
$user->setUsername('jwage');
$user->setPassword('password');
$u...

Problems
• Domain is bound to persistence layer
• Complexity of domain entities limited by
persistence layer

• $model...

The Doctrine2 Way
How does Doctrine2 do it?

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiol...

No base class to extend

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

/**
* @Entity
* @Table(name="users")
*/
class User
...

Mapping Information
Specify your mapping information with XML, YAML or
DocBlock Annotations

...

YAML
User:
type: entity
table: users
fields:
...

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<doctrine-mapping xmlns="http://doctrine-project.org/schemas...

PHP
use DoctrineORMMappingClassMetadataInfo;

$metadata->setInheritanceType(ClassMetadataInfo::INHERITAN...

Transparent Persistence

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

$user = new User();
$user->setUsername('jwage');
$user->setPassword('password');

$em->persist($user);
...

Single Flush Operation
• Batch inserts
• Best to build up all object changes in your
application and ﬂush no more than...

$user = $em->getRepository('User')
->findBy(array('username' => 'jwage'));

$user->setPassword('newpassword'...

Why Transparency?
• Better performance
• Easier to cache regular PHP objects that are
not bound to the persistence lay...

Performance
• Less abstraction on domain entities improves
performance when working with them.

• Physical accessors a...

PHP 5.3

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

PHP 5.3 is Fast

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Doctrine1
Doctrine1 beneﬁts from using PHP 5.3. Test suite uses
30% less memory and runs 20% faster

...

Doctrine2 Performance

Doctrine 1.1
4.3 seconds for 5000 records

Do...

Uses Namespaces

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Namespaces
namespace DoctrineORM;

use DoctrineORMQueryExpr,
DoctrineCommonDoctrineException;

/**...

Using Namespaces

use DoctrineORMQueryBuilder;

$qb = new QueryBuilder($em);
...

Follow PHP 5.3
Interoperability
Standards
http://groups.google.com/group/php-standards

...

Beneﬁts
• PHP libraries will be able to be mixed without
autoloader issues and conﬂict.

• Symfony2 + Doctrine2 + Zend...

Doctrine code is
divided into a few
different packages

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-proje...

DoctrineCommon
• Common functionality shared across packages
• Events
• Annotations Library
• Lexer Parser that is used fo...

DoctrineDBAL

• Relational database abstraction layer
• MySQL
• Sqlite
• PostgreSQL
• Oracle
• MsSQL

Doc...

DBAL is Standalone
Use the DBAL without the ORM

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sen...

DBAL History
• The Doctrine DBAL is a very powerful
project in itself

• Based off of code forked from other
...

DBAL
• Using the Doctrine DBAL standalone is a good
option for your PHP projects if a fully featured
ORM is not ne...

DBAL Example

$params = array(
'driver' => 'pdo_mysql',
'host' => 'lo...

Schema Manager
$sm = $conn->getSchemaManager();

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensi...

Schema Manager
• Issue DDL statements through intuitive
API: createTable(), dropTable(),
createForeignKey(), etc.
...

Drop and Create Table
$columns = array(
'id' => array(
'type' => ...

Create Foreign Key
$definition = array(
'name' => 'user_id_fk',
...

DoctrineORM

• Object Relational Mapper
• Built on top of the DBAL
• Provides transparent domain object persistence
t...

Persisting to Other
Databases

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

DoctrineODMMongoDB
Doctrine Object Document Mapper (ODM) for
MongoDB

Do...

DoctrineODMMongoDB

• Provides transparent domain object persistence
to MongoDB
• Same architecture and design as ...

Architecture
The architecture of the Doctrine object persistence
layers

Doctrin...

The ObjectManager
EntityManager and DocumentManager

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org ww...

API
Simple API for managing the persistent state of objects

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sen...

Object States
• A NEW object instance has no persistent identity, and is not yet
associated with a ObjectManager (i.e....

Creating EntityManager
$config = new DoctrineORMConfiguration();
$config->setMetadataCacheImpl(new DoctrineCommo...

Creating DocumentManager

$config = new DoctrineODMMongoDBConfiguration();
$config->setMetadataCacheImpl(new Doc...

Managing the State

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Persisting
$user = new User();
$user->setUsername('jwage');
$user->setPassword('password');

...

Updating

$user = $em->getRepository('User')
->find(array('username' => 'jwage'));

...

Removing

$user = $em->getRepository('User')
->find(array('username' => 'jwage'));

...

Detaching
$user = $em->getRepository('User')
->find(array('username' => 'jwage'));

$...

Doctrine Query Language
The killer ORM feature

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiol...

Propietary Object
Query Language

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Parsed by Recursive
Descent Parser

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Constructs AST

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

AST = Abstract Syntax Tree

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Tree representation of the
syntactical structure of a
source language

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-proj...

PHP class names of DQL
parser directly represent
the language itself
• OrderByClause.p...

• Easy to use
• Easy to expand and add new features
• Easy to use and understand the
parsing of a DQL string

...

Parsing of DQL is Cached
In a production environment a DQL query is only ever
parsed and transformed to SQL onc...

Sample DQL Query

$query = $em->createQuery(
'SELECT u, g, FROM User u ' .
...

QueryBuilder API

$qb = $em->createQueryBuilder()
->select('u, g')
->...

Executing Queries

$users = $query->execute();

foreach ($users as $user) {
...

Result Cache
$query = $em->createQuery('SELECT u FROM ModelsUser u');
$query->useResultCac...

Symfony2 Integration
The Doctrine features are tightly integrated with
Symfony2

...

Enabling the DBAL
Enable the DBAL in your application conﬁguration

# config/config.yml...

Using the DBAL
Use the DBAL connection in your controllers

class UserController extends Controller
...

Enabling the ORM
Enable the ORM in your application conﬁguration

# config/config.yml
...

Creating an Entity
Application/HelloBundle/Entity/User.php

namespace ApplicationHelloBundl...

Create database schema

$ php hello/console doctrine:schema:create

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-...

Using the ORM
Use the ORM EntityManager in your controllers

use ApplicationHelloBundleEntitiesUser;

...

Conclusion
Why use an ORM?

Doctrine 2.0 www.doctrine-project.org www.sensiolabs.org

Encapsulation
Encapsulate all your domain logic in one place, in an
object oriented way

...

Maintainability
The organization of the domain logic in an OO way
improves maintainability

...

Testability
Keeping a clean OO domain model makes your
business logic easily testable for improved st...

Portability
Write portable and thin application controller code and
fat models.

Doctrine ...

Questions?
Jonathan H. Wage
jonwage@gmail.com
http://www.twitter.com/jw...

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