programming and languages (chapter 14)

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Chapter 14 :
PROGRAMMING
AND LANGUAGES

Iostreamteam

PROGRAMS AND PROGRAMMING
What is a program?
●

A list of instructions for the computer to follow to
accomplish a task of p...

The six steps are as follows:

STEP 1 : PROGRAM SPECIFICATION
●

Also called program definition or program analysis
●

Requires: programmer and end user
...

STEP 2 : PROGRAM
DESIGN
●

●

Plan a solution using structured
programming technique
These techniques consist:

1) Top dow...

2)Pseudocode
An outline of the logic of the program
you will write
It is like doing summary of the program
before it is wr...

Logic Structures
●

●

●

The best way to link the various part of the flowcharts is by
combines three logic structures ca...

●

●

●

The repetition or loop structures describe a process that
may be repeated as long as a certain condition remains
...

LOGIC STRUCTURES

STEP 3 : PROGRAM CODE
●

Writing the program is called CODING

ASPECTS OF WRITING A PROGRAM
1)GOOD PROGRAMS
●

●

Good programs are reliable ,detect obvious and common
errors and are we...

2)CODING
There are hundreds of different programming languages.
Two types are:

●

●

Content mark-up language-instruct a ...

STEP 4 : PROGRAM TEST
●

●

Debugging is a process of testing and
eliminating errors in a program
Syntax and logic are two...

SYNTAX ERROR

●

A violation of the rules of the programming language

●

Example in C++, each statement must end with a s...

TESTING PROCESS
Five methods for testing for syntax and logic error are
●

●

●

●

●

1)Desk checking(code review):carefu...

STEP 5: PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION
●

●

Documentation consist of written description
and procedures about a program and how to...

People who use documentation
include:
Users
●

who need to know how to use the program

●

some organizations offer traini...

STEP 6 : PROGRAM MAINTENANCE
●

Design to ensure that the program operates correctly, efficiently and
effectively

●

Two ...

CASE and OOP
CASE
●

Computer-aided software engineering(CASE) tools provide
automation and assistance in program design ,...

GENERATIONS
OF
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGES

 Programming languages have
levels or generations ranging
from low to high.

1.Lower-level languages are
closer to the 0s...

Generation

Sample statement

First :
Machine languages

111100100111001111001111111

Second:
Assembly languages

ADD 210(...

CARRIERS IN
IT

 Computer programmers create, test, and

troubleshoot programs.
 They also update and repair existing programs
 Require...

programming and languages (chapter 14)

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