AP Women and the Enlightenment

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Women and the Enlightenment

Perceptions of Women <ul><li>Feminism gained momentum in the Age of Enl. </li></ul><ul><li>Why?? </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Not...

Montesquieu <ul><li>Supported equality for women </li></ul><ul><li>sympathetic to obstacles they faced ( The Persian Lett...

Rousseau’s “Emile” (1762) <ul><li>Men and women occupy separate spheres </li></ul>Worldly Sphere = Men Domestic Sphere = ...

Rousseau (cont.) <ul><li>Education of women: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>subordinate to men </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>pleasin...

Rousseau (cont.) <ul><li>Woman’s purpose = bear & raise children </li></ul><ul><li>Weaker/inferior to men EXCEPT in their ...

On the Bright Side… <ul><li>Portrayed role of wife & mom as fulfilling & noble </li></ul><ul><li>Gave women of nobility & ...

What I Think of Rousseau… Tomb of JJ Rousseau, Panthéon, Paris

Diderot & The Encyclopedia <ul><li>Published men almost exclusively </li></ul><ul><li>Articles that dealt w/ women often e...

Diderot (cont.) <ul><li>Women reared to be frivolous & unconcerned w/ important issues </li></ul><ul><li>Motherhood = most...

(Some) Notable Women of the Enlightenment

Mary Wollstonecraft <ul><li>Mother of the feminist movement </li></ul><ul><li>Born in London, England </li></ul><ul><li>in...

Wollstonecraft (cont.) <ul><li>Sought personal liberty & economic independence </li></ul><ul><li>A Vindication of the Righ...

A Vindication of the Rights of Women <ul><li>Celebrates the rationality of women </li></ul><ul><li>Attacks the view of fem...

Vindication (cont.) <ul><li>Rejects the education in dependency that Rousseau advocated in Émile </li></ul><ul><li>Woma...

Vindication (cont.) <ul><li>Maintained that this did not contradict the role of the woman as a mother or the role of the ...

Wollstonecraft (cont.) <ul><li>Both men and women criticized her and her books </li></ul><ul><li>In later writings, she sh...

Controversy <ul><li>Mother to illegitimate daughter (Fanny) </li></ul><ul><li>William Godwin (husband) </li></ul><ul><li>M...

Salons

Salons <ul><li>Pleasure - not the objective of Enl. salons </li></ul><ul><li>Many philosophes rejected the academy & unive...

Salons (cont.) <ul><li>Salonnières </li></ul><ul><ul><li>listened attentively </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>filled in durin...

Salons (cont.) <ul><li>For salonnières, salons = socially acceptable substitute for the formal education denied them </li>...

Salon Bleu – Louis XV

Salon Jaune

Marie -Therese Geoffrin <ul><li>To many, hers = premier salon </li></ul><ul><li>Younger years: </li></ul><ul><li>Orphaned ...

<ul><li>In her 20s, apprenticed w/ Madame de Tencin </li></ul>

Geoffrin (cont.) <ul><li>Two innovations Geoffrin contributed to the salon: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Switched traditional lat...

Geoffrin (cont.) <ul><li>Mme. Geoffrin was so popular because she was a wonderful, attentive listener </li></ul><ul><li>Sh...

Geoffrin (cont.) <ul><li>very generous  wealthy & willing to share </li></ul><ul><li>helped young authors </li></ul><u...

Madame Geoffrin’s Salon

Bust of Voltaire

Marquise de Pompadour <ul><li>Began visiting the court of Louis XV at Versailles </li></ul><ul><li>Watched her perform in...

Pompadour (cont.) <ul><li>1744: installed at court as Louis XV’s “official favorite” (title of Marquise) </li></ul><ul><li...

Pompadour’s Effects <ul><li>Organized suppers </li></ul><ul><li>Brought performances to the theater </li></ul><ul><li>Bro...

Pompadour’s Effects (cont.) <ul><li>Commissioned artists </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Voltaire </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Franç...

Pompadour (cont.) <ul><li>King’s mistress for 5 years </li></ul><ul><li>Oct. 12, 1752 - King made her a duchess </li></ul>

Pompadour (cont.) <ul><li>Played a major role in influencing the Diplomatic Revolution of 1756 (the treaty that allied Fr...

Pompadour (cont.) <ul><li>Held power & influence over the King </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Removed her enemies from office </l...

Pompadour (cont.) <ul><li>All of these proved to be disastrous to France </li></ul><ul><li>Led to her unpopularity  was...

The Pompadour <ul><li>Eventually, though, a really snazzy hair style would be named after her </li></ul><ul><li>so at leas...

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Women of the Enlightenment by Jennifer Boyer-Sw... 11244 views
Women Of The Enlightenment by Jennifer Boyer-Sw... 15742 views

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