The New Nation SOL USI.7

Slide 1: USI.7 The Articles of Confederation The United States Constitution and Bill of Rights Political Parties The First Five Presidents Sarah Duncan Social Studies Instructional Specialist Portsmouth Public Schools Template from BrainyBetty.com

Slide 2: The Articles of Confederation • Provided for a weak national government • Gave Congress no power to tax or regulate commerce among the states • Provided for no common currency • Gave each state one vote, regardless of size • Provided for no executive or judicial branch

Slide 3: The Articles of Confederation − Why do you think they wanted a weak national government − How would these conditions cause problems? − Does the Articles of Confederation make a good government? Why or Why not? How would you suggest changing it?

Slide 4: Changes…to the government of the United States • Separation of Power − Based on James Madison’s Virginia Plan − Called for three separate branches of government •Legislative, Executive and Judicial

Slide 5: Legislative Branch (Congress) Makes Laws • Congress is made up of two houses (bicameral) − House of Representatives & Senate • Senate: all states are represented equally (2 per state) • House of Representatives: each state is represented based on population ( Virginia has 11 members in the House) http://www.showcook.co.za/images/jbl31CapitalBuilding.jpg

Slide 6: Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) • Determines if laws made by the Congress are Constitutional http://cache.wonkette.com/images/2006/03/supreme%20court%201.jpg http://www.enterstageright.com/archive/articles/1004/101804usscjustices.jpg

Slide 7: Executive Branch • President • Carries out laws made by Congress http://www.presidentialpetmuseum.com/Graphics/Printers-files/presidential_seal.gif

Slide 8: Checks and Balances • Each branch can check the power of the other (vetoes, appointments) • These checks can keep/prevent any one branch from gaining too much power.

Slide 9: Bill of Rights (The First 10 Amendments) • James Madison was the author of the Bill of Rights • They provide a written guarantee of individual rights • NOT a part of the Constitution, the Bill of Rights were added to the Constitution in 1789 • Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion, Freedom of Assembly • Most representatives to the Constitutional Convention would not agree to approve the Constitution until there were written guarantees of people’s rights

Slide 10: The Federalists ~ Alexander Hamilton • Favored a strong national government • Favored development of industry on a national scale • Favored a National Bank http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t012/T012980A.jsm

Slide 11: Democratic Republicans ~ Thomas Jefferson • Favored a weak national bank • Supported States’ Powers • Favored Small businesses and farmers • Opposed National Bank http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/jefferson/images/vc216.jpg

Slide 12: The First Five Presidents George Washington • Federal Court System was established. • Political Parties grew out of the disagreements between Hamilton and Jefferson over the proper role of the national government. • Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution of the United States. • Plans were initiated for development of the national capital in Washington, D.C. • Benjamin Banneker, and African American astronomer and surveyor, helped completed the design for the city.

Slide 13: http://www.historyplace.com/specials/portraits/presidents/index.html

Slide 14: John Adams • A Two-Party system emerge during his administration http://www.historyplace.com/specials/calendar/docs-pix/john-adams.jpg

Slide 15: Thomas Jefferson • He bought Louisiana from France (Louisiana Purchase, 1803) • Lewis and Clark explored this new land west of the Mississippi River http://www.enchantedlearning.com/lgifs/Louisianapurchase.GIF http://www.historyplace.com/specials /portraits/presidents/port-jefferson.jpg

Slide 16: http://www.kshs.org/exhibits/blc/graphics/lewis.jpg http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/95aug/clark.html

Slide 17: James Madison • The War of 1812 caused European nations to gain respect for the Unite States. http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2005/fall/images/weinstein-madison-m.jpg

Slide 18: James Monroe • He wrote the Monroe Doctrine warning European nations not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere. http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/images/jm5.gif

Slide 19: http://www.authentichistory.com/images/1900s/cartoons/1900s_monroe_doctrine.html

Slide 20: All of the following were weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT A. it provided for a weak national government B. it gave Congress no power to tax or regulate commerce among the states C. it provided for no common currency D. it gave each state a vote according to its population D

Slide 21: The Articles of Confederation provided for no F. legislative branch of government G. executive branch of government H. judicial branch of government J. both G and H J

Slide 22: Upon what was the structure of the new government of the United States based? A. The “Virginia Plan” of James Madison that called for three branches of government B. all states were represented by one senator C. all states were represented equally in the House of Representatives D. each state had a Supreme Court which was the “law of the land ” A

Slide 23: The new government established a legislative branch which F. carries out the laws G. determines if laws have been broken H. makes the laws J. decides if the people are represented in the House of Representatives by the population of each state

Slide 24: Each state is represented by A. two senators B. as many senators are needed to represent the population of the state C. more senators if their population is larger D. at least three senators

Slide 25: Which branch of the government decides if laws have been broken or are constitutional? F. executive branch G. legislative branch H. judicial branch J. administrative branch

Slide 26: What is the name of the system in our government that prevents one branch of government from becoming too powerful? A. Senate review B. the amendment process C. checks and balances D. the filibuster

Slide 27: Who wrote the Bill of Rights? F. George Washington G. Thomas Jefferson H. Jaes Madison J. Benjamin Franklin

Slide 28: What is the guarantee of individual rights in the United States Constitution called? A. the 13th Amendment B. the 14th Amendment C. the 15th Amendment D. the Bill of Rights

Slide 29: A strong national government, a limit on states’ rights, development of industry on a national scale, and a national bank were features of the F. Democratic Republicans G. Federalists H. Anti-Federalists J. Republicans

Slide 30: All of the following were parts of the program of the Democratic Republicans EXCEPT A. they favored a weak national government B. they supported states’ rights C. they favored small business and farmers D. they favored a strong national bank

Slide 31: What was NOT an accomplishment of President George Washington during his administration? F. the federal court system was established G. a two-party system developed H. the Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution J. plans were developed to build the national capital in Washington, D.C.

Slide 32: What was a feature of the administration of President John Adams? A. France sold Louisiana to the U.S. B. the Monroe Doctrine was written C. the U.S. fought in the War of 1812 D. a two-party system developed

Slide 33: What was the reason for writing the Monroe Doctrine? F. President Madison did not want European nations to interfere in the Western Hemisphere G. President Jefferson wanted to increase the size of the United States H. President Washington did not want a king to rule the United States J. President Monroe did not want European nations to interfere in the Western Hemisphere

Slide 34: What was the relationship of Lewis and Clarke to the Louisiana Purchase? A. President Adams wanted them to explore the land west of the Mississippi River B. President Madison wanted them to explore the land west of the Mississippi so it could be given to England C. President Jefferson wanted them to explore the land west of the Mississippi after he bought it from France D. They formed the first political parties in the Louisiana Purchase

Slide 35: The British invaded New York, burned the White House and the Capitol in 1814 during the administration of President F. Washington G. Adams H. Jefferson J. Madison