CE.7 ~ Public Policy Portsmouth Public Schools Sarah Duncan, Social Studies Specialist

Interpret how laws are made in the Virginia General Assembly and the United States Congress Bicameral ~ having two houses (Senate and the House of Representatives, the Virginia General Assembly) Examples of Expressed Powers (powers that are written into the Constitution): Tax Pay Debts Provide for the common defense and general welfare Coin/Make Money

Bicameral ~

having two houses (Senate and the House of Representatives, the Virginia General Assembly)

Examples of Expressed Powers (powers that are written into the Constitution):

Tax

Pay Debts

Provide for the common defense and general welfare

Coin/Make Money

Examples of Implied Powers (used to carry out expressed powers) Draft Troops IRS to collect taxes Federal Reserve Borrows Money Interpret how laws are made in the Virginia General Assembly and the United States Congress

Examples of Implied Powers (used to carry out expressed powers)

Draft Troops

IRS to collect taxes

Federal Reserve Borrows Money

The Lawmaking process in national and state legislatures Working in committees Debating on the floor Voting on a bill by both houses Signing the bill into law by the President or Governor

Working in committees

Debating on the floor

Voting on a bill by both houses

Signing the bill into law by the President or Governor

Legislative Powers Expressed Implied Elected Officials write laws and take action in response to problems or issues Individuals and interest groups help shape legislation

Expressed

Implied

Elected Officials write laws and take action in response to problems or issues

Individuals and interest groups help shape legislation

Executive Branch Powers To Make Treaties Appoint Ambassadors Make the annual “State of the Union” or State of the Commonwealth Address Prepare the budget Veto Legislation Call a meeting of Congress Choose Federal judges (President)

Powers

To Make Treaties

Appoint Ambassadors

Make the annual “State of the Union” or State of the Commonwealth Address

Prepare the budget

Veto Legislation

Call a meeting of Congress

Choose Federal judges (President)

Ways the Executive Branch influences policymaking ~ Proposing legislation in an annual speech to the legislature (State of the Union or State of the Commonwealth) Appealing directly to the people Approving or vetoing legislation Appointing officials who carry out the laws Cabinet departments, agencies, and regulatory groups interpret and help with carrying out laws

Proposing legislation in an annual speech to the legislature (State of the Union or State of the Commonwealth)

Appealing directly to the people

Approving or vetoing legislation

Appointing officials who carry out the laws

Cabinet departments, agencies, and regulatory groups interpret and help with carrying out laws

Ways the Media plays an important role in setting the public agenda ~ Focusing public attention on selected issues Offering a forum in which opposing viewpoints are communicated Holding government officials accountable to the public Government officials use the media to communicate with the public

Focusing public attention on selected issues

Offering a forum in which opposing viewpoints are communicated

Holding government officials accountable to the public

Government officials use the media to communicate with the public

Ways individuals influence public policy ~ Participating in politics Voting and Campaigning Expressing Opinions Lobbying, demonstrating, writing letters Joining Interest Groups PEA/VEA, Sierra Club, PETA, AFL-CIO

Participating in politics

Voting and Campaigning

Expressing Opinions

Lobbying, demonstrating, writing letters

Joining Interest Groups

PEA/VEA, Sierra Club, PETA, AFL-CIO

Ways interest groups influence public policy Identifying Issues Making political contributions Lobbying government officials

Identifying Issues

Making political contributions

Lobbying government officials

Review Questions At the local, state, and national levels of government, which branch of government makes the laws? Legislative

At the local, state, and national levels of government, which branch of government makes the laws?

Review Questions Which of the following is NOT an expressed legislative power? To tax To coin money To draft individuals for military service To declare war against a foreign country C

Which of the following is NOT an expressed legislative power?

To tax

To coin money

To draft individuals for military service

To declare war against a foreign country

Review Questions Which of the following is an example of implied legislative powers? Creation of city parks Creation of local transportation systems Creation of the Department of Commerce to regulate trade with foreign countries Creation of internet sites C

Which of the following is an example of implied legislative powers?

Creation of city parks

Creation of local transportation systems

Creation of the Department of Commerce to regulate trade with foreign countries

Creation of internet sites

Review Questions What is the first step in the lawmaking process in the state and national legislatures? Signing the bill into law by the President or Governor Debating the bill on the floor Voting on a bill by both houses Working in committees D

What is the first step in the lawmaking process in the state and national legislatures?

Signing the bill into law by the President or Governor

Debating the bill on the floor

Voting on a bill by both houses

Working in committees

Review Questions What is the lawmaking process that puts a proposed law, after a petition has been signed, to a vote in a statewide election? Legislative rights Referendum Initiative Recall C

What is the lawmaking process that puts a proposed law, after a petition has been signed, to a vote in a statewide election?

Legislative rights

Referendum

Initiative

Recall

Review Questions What is the lawmaking process that refers to the votes a proposed or passed law of the state legislature? Initiative Referendum Recall Checks and balances B

What is the lawmaking process that refers to the votes a proposed or passed law of the state legislature?

Initiative

Referendum

Recall

Checks and balances

Review Questions What process can voters use to remove an official who is not doing a job? Referendum Initiative Checks and balances Recall D

What process can voters use to remove an official who is not doing a job?

Referendum

Initiative

Checks and balances

Recall

Review Questions At the local, state and national levels of government, which branch of government carries out the law? Executive Legislative Judicial Congressional A

At the local, state and national levels of government, which branch of government carries out the law?

Executive

Legislative

Judicial

Congressional

Review Questions Which of the following is NOT a way that the Executive Branch influences policymaking? Approving legislation Vetoing Legislation Proposing legislation in State of the Commonwealth or Union address Interpreting Laws D

Which of the following is NOT a way that the Executive Branch influences policymaking?

Approving legislation

Vetoing Legislation

Proposing legislation in State of the Commonwealth or Union address

Interpreting Laws

Review Questions How does the executive branch influence policy making? It approves or vetoes legislation It reduces punishments It gives pardons It visits public schools A

How does the executive branch influence policy making?

It approves or vetoes legislation

It reduces punishments

It gives pardons

It visits public schools

Review Questions What organization investigates and prosecutes violations of federal laws? The CIA The FTC The Department of Justice The National Labor Relations Board C

What organization investigates and prosecutes violations of federal laws?

The CIA

The FTC

The Department of Justice

The National Labor Relations Board

Review Questions The local newspaper printed a readers’ survey in the editorial section about Governor Smith’s false statements during the Senate Hearings. This is an example of: Public opinion Executive Policy Public Policy Legislative Action A

The local newspaper printed a readers’ survey in the editorial section about Governor Smith’s false statements during the Senate Hearings. This is an example of:

Public opinion

Executive Policy

Public Policy

Legislative Action

Review Questions Which is NOT an example of how individuals influence public policy? Voting Identifying issues Demonstrating Joining interest groups B

Which is NOT an example of how individuals influence public policy?

Voting

Identifying issues

Demonstrating

Joining interest groups

The End