Web 2.0 Basics - Lecture 06 - Web Information Systems (WE-DINF-11912)

Web Information SystemsWeb 2.0 BasicsProf. Beat SignerDepartment of Computer ScienceVrije Universiteit Brusselhttp://www.beatsigner.com 2 December 2005

Web 2.0  The term Web 2.0 was introduced by Tim OReilly at the Web 2.0 conference in 2004 to describe a new generation of web apps  user-generated content  data as a driving force [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Web_2.0_Map.svg] - infoware rather than simply software  collective intelligence via social resource and knowledge sharing  the Web as a platform for software applications  Not a new technology but a change in how developers and users build applications on the Web  user-generated content already existed earlier (e.g. Amazon)November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 2

Main Web 2.0 Ingredients  Social Web  end user as a participant and content creator  democracy  Rich Internet Applications (RIAs)  bring the desktop to the browser  highly interactive applications (e.g. with drag and drop)  based on AJAX, Flash etc.  Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs)  enable the sharing of information and services between different Web 2.0 applications  Web Services, RSS, mashups, etc.November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 3

Web 2.0 Interaction Web information access content creation user-to-user Service Oriented interaction Architecture (SOA) collective intelligenceNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 4

Web 1.0 vs. Web 2.0 Web 1.0 Web 2.0 publishing participation reading reading and writing (participatory Web) content management systems wikis personal homepages blogs simple request/response interaction Rich Internet Application (RIA) screen scraping (extract data from HTML) service oriented architectures taxonomies (classification) folksonomies (tagging) companies communities single user social networks bookmarking collaborative tagging / social bookmarking ... ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 5

Web 2.0 and the Long Tail  The term long tail has been introduced by Chris Anderson in 2004  article about Amazon etc. Joe Simpson, 1988 Jon Krakauer, 1997 - Touching the Void and Into Thin Air example  Main observations  the tail is longer than expected and now economically within reach  the niches form a significant market when aggregated  new economic model: combine infinite shelf space with shared real-time public opinions and buying trends  Major part of Internet content made up by small sites  provide tools to address the long tail and not just the headNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 6

Video: The Machine is Us/ing UsNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 7

Web 2.0 Examples  Wikis  Blogs  Media sharing sites  Folksonomies  Social networking sites  Web-based communities  Mashups  Web applications  ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 8

Wikis  The first wiki was the WikiWikiWeb in 1995  Ward Cunningham  inspired by HyperCard  Any user can create new wiki pages or edit existing pages  no special software required on the client side (only a browser)  Democracy-based control of the content  revision history, discussion, ...  Various wiki software  MediaWiki, DokuWiki, ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 9

Wikipedia  Open authoring model  registered and anonymous users may contribute  some users (editors) have special rights  Each article has  a history page showing all of its changes  a discussion page  Issues  reliability not guaranteed since no central authority  vandalism  ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 10

Blogs  A blog (weblog) is a chronologically ordered list of information  personal diary  specific subjects - e.g. celebrities  Tool for delivering news and getting in touch with a large community of users  nowadays often used as a powerful channel in politics  much harder to control than print or broadcasting media  Popular blogs often generate revenue by advertising  access to content is often freeNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 11

Technorati  Blog search engine  indexes over 100 million blogs  Use tags to classify blogs  Ranking based on a blogs authority  number of inlinks from other blogs  similar to search algorithms descibed laterNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 12

Flickr  Image hosting and sharing website  Image repository that is often used by bloggers  Managing images  collaborative tagging - user-generated taxonomy (folksonomy) - one of the first websites that implemented tag clouds  grouping in sets, collections and higher order collections - note that an image may be added to multiple sets  Offers a powerful Web Service API  can easily be integrated with third-party applicationsNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 13

Folksonomies  Folksonomy = folk + taxonomy  user-generated taxonomy  Social tagging  collaboratively creating and managing tags  bottom up approach - no fixed terminology  Applications  Annotea: shared Web annotations and bookmarks  Delicious: social bookmarking web service  Tag cloud visualisationNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 14

YouTube  Video hosting and sharing website  Social impact  YouTube Internet celebrities  Copyright issues  material from TV shows etc.  many broadcasting companies use YouTube as new channel  Content can easily be embedded in external websites  blogs, social networking sites, ...  Acquired by Google in 2006November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 15

Last.fm  Internet streaming radio  User profile based on music listened to on Last.fm and other devices  Audioscrobbler music recommender system  based on collaborative filterling algorithm  find songs in the "neighbourhood" based on other users with similar tastesNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 16

Facebook  Social networking site  Connect to friends and share information  info about current status  post messages on a users public wall  send individual messages  share photos  Easy to add individual applications  Copyright issues  what happens with content that has been uploaded to Facebook?  Privacy issuesNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 17

Twitter  Micro-blogging and social networking service  Small messages (tweets) can be posted to a user profile  often added via SMS  reach millions of users from any place around the world within seconds - used in protests and politics, emergencies, ...  Can we get too connected?November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 18

Second Life  Virtual 3-dimensional world by Linden Lab  special client software  User represented by an avatar  Linden dollar (L$) as a currency  buy land  buy and sell goods and services to other users  Applications  education, business meetings, arts, ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 19

Academia.edu  Social networking website for researchers  Sharing and rating of resources  research papers, conference presentations, CVs, etc.  Find researchers with similar research interests  Other professional social networking websites  LinkedIn, Xing, ...  How to deal with profile information on different sites?  open standards for social networkingNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 20

SlideShare  Social networking website to share presentations  High quality educational material  Various APIs for inte- gration with other social networking websites  Content may spread virally through social networks and blogsNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 21

myExperiment  Collaborative environment for scientists  Safely publish workflow plans and share them with other scientists  Reuse and repurpose workflows  avoid to reinvent the wheel  get credits for workflows  ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 22

Delicious  Social bookmarking service  store bookmarks and access them from different browsers  share and discover bookmarks  Non-hierarchical classification based on tags  Offers various APIs to access the bookmarksNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 23

Mashups  A mashup composes information and services from external sources and offers them as part of a new service  Various mashup tools  Yahoo Pipes, ...  Mashup example  composition of Google Maps and realtime information about the position of airplanes - http://www.flightradar24.comNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 24

Google Docs  Free web-based office tools  word processor, spreadsheet application, ...  Mobile access via mobile phone  Software as a service (SaaS)  Data safety and privacy issuesNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 25

Google AdSense  Highly customised delivery of advertisements  shows advertisements delive- red via Google AdWords  New models for payment  pay-per-click in addition to pay-per-impression  Any website owner can enroll  sometimes very complementary information - e.g. blog with reviews about specific products together with Google advertisements for these productsNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 26

Video: The Kindness of StrangersNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 27

Social Implications of Web 2.0  Data ownership and copyright issues  Collective intelligence (wisdom of crowds)  Shift of power from controlled media to collaborative communities  New models for crediting an individuals content that is accessed by other users or composed in mashup applications  Everybody has a (big) voice  e.g. reach millions of users within seconds via TwitterNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 28

Common Web 2.0 Patterns  The presented Web 2.0 applications have some common underlying patterns which are going to be discussed in the next lecture  service oriented architectures (SOAs)  software as a service  asynchronous partial updates - Rich Internet Applications (RIAs)  mashups  self-organising communities  collaborative tagging  viral marketing  ...November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 29

Exercise 6  Web ServicesNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 30

References  James Governor et al., Web 2.0 Architectures, OReilly Media, May 2009  Chris Anderson, The Long Tail, Wired 12(10), 2004  http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.10/tail.html  Michael Wesch, The Machine is Us/ing Us  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NLlGopyXT_g  Jonathan Zittrain, The Kindness of Strangers, TEDGlobal 2009, Oxford, UK, July 2009  http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/eng/jonathan_zittrain_t he_web_is_a_random_act_of_kindness.html  Live Flight Tracker  http://www.flightradar24.comNovember 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 31

References  James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds, Anchor, August 2005November 9, 2012 Beat Signer - Department of Computer Science - bsigner@vub.ac.be 32

Next LectureWeb 2.0 Patterns and Technologies 2 December 2005

http://www.slideshare.net	56
http://wise.vub.ac.be	25
http://www.inf.ethz.ch	12
http://mj89sp3sau2k7lj1eg3k40hkeppguj6j-a-sites-opensocial.googleusercontent.com	5

Web 2.0 Basics - Lecture 06 - Web Information Systems (WE-DINF-11912)

by Beat Signer on Oct 23, 2009

Accessibility

Categories

Upload Details

Usage Rights

4 Embeds 98

Statistics

Web 2.0 Basics - Lecture 06 - Web Information Systems (WE-DINF-11912) Presentation Transcript