ORISSA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2004 P & C Department Government of Orissa 29 JULY, 2005 UN Conference Hall, New Delhi

First Orissa Human Development Report (HDR) An independent assessment of human development conditions A joint effort of Planning Commission, UNDP, Govt of Orissa, NCDS A benchmark against which future attainments shall be judged The State Planning & Co-ordination Department aims Improved monitoring of outcomes for key HD indicators Publication of periodical HDR at state and district levels Seeking continued support from Planning Commission and UNDP ORISSA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT (2004)

First Orissa Human Development Report (HDR)

An independent assessment of human development conditions

A joint effort of Planning Commission, UNDP, Govt of Orissa, NCDS

A benchmark against which future attainments shall be judged

The State Planning & Co-ordination Department aims

Improved monitoring of outcomes for key HD indicators

Publication of periodical HDR at state and district levels

Seeking continued support from Planning Commission and UNDP

Human Development Issues Addressed Growth, Poverty, Livelihood Food Insecurity & Nutritional Status Health Education Gender Issues Natural Disasters Strategies for Financing HD Human Development Measures Human Development Index Gender related Development Index Reproductive Health Index ORISSA HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT

Human Development Issues Addressed

Growth, Poverty, Livelihood

Food Insecurity & Nutritional Status

Health

Education

Gender Issues

Natural Disasters

Strategies for Financing HD

Human Development Measures

Human Development Index

Gender related Development Index

Reproductive Health Index

ECONOMY & GROWTH: CORE STRENGTHS Rich Natural Resource Endowment (Aquaculture, Forests, Marine, Metals, Minerals and Water) Rich Cultural Heritage – Tribal Heritage Excellent base for Textiles, Handloom and Handicrafts Excellent Tourism Opportunities - Eco-tourism, Religious Rich Potential for Industrialization – Steel, Aluminum Presence of Knowledge Industry – Good IT Skill base

Rich Natural Resource Endowment (Aquaculture, Forests, Marine, Metals, Minerals and Water)

Rich Cultural Heritage – Tribal Heritage

Excellent base for Textiles, Handloom and Handicrafts

Excellent Tourism Opportunities - Eco-tourism, Religious

Rich Potential for Industrialization – Steel, Aluminum

Presence of Knowledge Industry – Good IT Skill base

ECONOMY & GROWTH : CHALLENGES WE FACE Undiversified, Slow Growing Economy (3- 4%) Undeveloped and Stagnant Agriculture (<1%) - Primitive agricultural practices - Low agricultural productivity Slow Growth in Manufacturing and Service Sectors - Inadequate private investment and technical change Poor Infrastructure - Lack of good roads, rails, ports, and airports - Undeveloped markets Small Economic Base Lack of employment opportunities Low employable skills Frequent natural disaster

Undiversified, Slow Growing Economy (3- 4%)

Undeveloped and Stagnant Agriculture (<1%)

- Primitive agricultural practices

- Low agricultural productivity

Slow Growth in Manufacturing and Service Sectors

- Inadequate private investment and technical change

Poor Infrastructure

- Lack of good roads, rails, ports, and airports

- Undeveloped markets

Small Economic Base

Lack of employment opportunities

Low employable skills

Frequent natural disaster

POVERTY Poverty declining at a very slow rate Overwhelmingly rural and regional phenomenon (93% of the poor live in rural areas) About half of the rural poor are 40% or more below poverty line Poverty in Orissa: Some Characteristics 4 out 5 poor persons are farmers or agricultural labourers Core Poverty groups ST (75%), SC (59%) Small & marginal farmers (60%), casual wage labourers (75%) Social Indicators for the Core Poverty Group are significantly worse

Poverty declining at a very slow rate

Overwhelmingly rural and regional phenomenon (93% of the poor live in rural areas)

About half of the rural poor are 40% or more below poverty line

Poverty in Orissa: Some Characteristics

4 out 5 poor persons are farmers or agricultural labourers

Core Poverty groups

ST (75%), SC (59%)

Small & marginal farmers (60%), casual wage labourers (75%)

Social Indicators for the Core Poverty Group are significantly worse

POVERTY Interior is poorly connected and has a very high incidence of poverty Many of the poor depend on forests for their livelihoods The poor are highly vulnerable to natural shocks, and have limited access to public services They have limited or no voice in decision making

Interior is poorly connected and has a very high incidence of poverty

Many of the poor depend on forests for their livelihoods

The poor are highly vulnerable to natural shocks, and have limited access to public services

They have limited or no voice in decision making

LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS & RECOMMENDATIONS Concerns Recurrent droughts and floods (natural disasters) Poor Natural Resource Management Lack of marketing linkage for rural non-farm sectors based on very low levels of household, income and consumption Recommendations Labour intensive growth strategy (small scale and cottage industries) (focus on KBK districts) Watershed management Shift from paddy cultivation to horticulture/fisheries Joint Forest Management Strengthening of rural credit Provision of legal rights for share croppers Promotion of non-farm sector employment

Concerns

Recurrent droughts and floods (natural disasters)

Poor Natural Resource Management

Lack of marketing linkage for rural non-farm sectors based on very low levels of household, income and consumption

Recommendations

Labour intensive growth strategy (small scale and cottage industries) (focus on KBK districts)

Watershed management

Shift from paddy cultivation to horticulture/fisheries

Joint Forest Management

Strengthening of rural credit

Provision of legal rights for share croppers

Promotion of non-farm sector employment

FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITIONAL ISSUES Orissa is a food insecure state 57% population suffer from Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) 48% women suffer from nutritional deficiency 72.3% of children have some degree of anaemia The State has taken several bold measures A good network of PDS outlets 92% HH access PDS within 2 km of their habitations TPDS, Annapurna and Antodaya Schemes 48.58 lakh HH benefit from these initiatives Involvement of PRI to manage PDS outlets in tribal areas Sarpanches, BDOs, Sub-Collectors and Collectors authorized to extend food support to the most needy Targeted nutritional interventions NCAER appreciates the functioning of ICDS

Orissa is a food insecure state

57% population suffer from Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED)

48% women suffer from nutritional deficiency

72.3% of children have some degree of anaemia

The State has taken several bold measures

A good network of PDS outlets

92% HH access PDS within 2 km of their habitations

TPDS, Annapurna and Antodaya Schemes

48.58 lakh HH benefit from these initiatives

Involvement of PRI to manage PDS outlets in tribal areas

Sarpanches, BDOs, Sub-Collectors and Collectors authorized to extend food support to the most needy

Targeted nutritional interventions

NCAER appreciates the functioning of ICDS

FOOD SECURITY AND NUTRITIONAL ISSUES Recommendations Community based Management of PDS and grain banks Rural employment generation along with food transfer component Universalise PDS instead of TDPS Design and implement supplementary and emergency feeding programmes for very vulnerable

Recommendations

Community based Management of PDS and grain banks

Rural employment generation along with food transfer component

Universalise PDS instead of TDPS

Design and implement supplementary and emergency feeding programmes for very vulnerable

HEALTH CONDITIONS Highest Infant Mortality Rate (91 in 2001 & 87 in 2002) Lack of access to safe drinking water; adequate nutrition High percentage of low birth weight babies Early Marriage of Girls; poor female literacy ARI, Diarrhoea, Measles, Malaria Excess Morbidity Burden Increased cases of Malaria, TB, Gastroenteritis, ARI, Diarrhoea Preponderance of infectious and communicable diseases Access to Health Care Facilities Poor physical and economic access affect the utilization of public health care facilities Significant inter-district and gender disparities Perceptible improvement in coverage of health institutions

Highest Infant Mortality Rate (91 in 2001 & 87 in 2002)

Lack of access to safe drinking water; adequate nutrition

High percentage of low birth weight babies

Early Marriage of Girls; poor female literacy

ARI, Diarrhoea, Measles, Malaria

Excess Morbidity Burden

Increased cases of Malaria, TB, Gastroenteritis, ARI, Diarrhoea

Preponderance of infectious and communicable diseases

Access to Health Care Facilities

Poor physical and economic access affect the utilization of public health care facilities

Significant inter-district and gender disparities

Perceptible improvement in coverage of health institutions

HEALTH CONDITIONS Recommendations Improved physical access to health care institutions Institutional/safe deliveries Promoting mother’s education Strengthened child immunisation programmes Strengthened vector control programmes Involving PRIs, NGOs and SHGs in managing healthcare institutions (remote/tribal districts) More targetted HIV/AIDS programmes

Recommendations

Improved physical access to health care institutions

Institutional/safe deliveries

Promoting mother’s education

Strengthened child immunisation programmes

Strengthened vector control programmes

Involving PRIs, NGOs and SHGs in managing healthcare institutions (remote/tribal districts)

More targetted HIV/AIDS programmes

EDUCATION Done comparatively well in education Literacy levels increased from 7% (1936) to 63.61% (2001) Resource allocation: 6% of GSDP Increased Enrolment Significant improvement in gender parity index over the years Increased gross enrolment ratio among SC(115.1%) and ST (99.7%) in primary education Regional, Social and Gender disparities Female literacy only 50.97% (vs 75.95% male literacy) Wide inter-district variations – rural areas suffer more Low literacy among ST – very low female tribal literacy Drop out rates still continue to be high – 37% at primary level

Done comparatively well in education

Literacy levels increased from 7% (1936) to 63.61% (2001)

Resource allocation: 6% of GSDP

Increased Enrolment

Significant improvement in gender parity index over the years

Increased gross enrolment ratio among SC(115.1%) and ST (99.7%) in primary education

Regional, Social and Gender disparities

Female literacy only 50.97% (vs 75.95% male literacy)

Wide inter-district variations – rural areas suffer more

Low literacy among ST – very low female tribal literacy

Drop out rates still continue to be high – 37% at primary level

GENDER Concerns Sex ratio higher than the national average (972 against 933 national average) 0-6 years sex ratio lower than the national average (developed pockets of coastal and central tableland districts) Low BMI, Nutritional deficiency (esp. among SC and ST communities) Economic reform process –downsizing of public sector – may impact on women – removal of social security benefits, flexi-time and child care Recommendations Land reforms – providing joint ownership to both husband and wife Public support for out-of-home child care services Simplifying banking procedures – increasing their accessibility to women Targetted programs for women losing jobs due to downsizing of public sector

Concerns

Sex ratio higher than the national average (972 against 933 national average)

0-6 years sex ratio lower than the national average (developed pockets of coastal and central tableland districts)

Low BMI, Nutritional deficiency (esp. among SC and ST communities)

Economic reform process –downsizing of public sector – may impact on women – removal of social security benefits, flexi-time and child care

Recommendations

Land reforms – providing joint ownership to both husband and wife

Public support for out-of-home child care services

Simplifying banking procedures – increasing their accessibility to women

Targetted programs for women losing jobs due to downsizing of public sector

NATURAL DISASTERS Concerns Recurrent natural disasters -droughts (Western and Southern Orissa), & cyclones and floods (coastal areas) Loss of lives, livelihoods and property Serious fiscal imbalances Recommendations Local communities should form the core of disaster preparedness and mitigation programmes Explore the feasibility of disaster insurance Building of safer houses crucial

Concerns

Recurrent natural disasters -droughts (Western and Southern Orissa),

& cyclones and floods (coastal areas)

Loss of lives, livelihoods and property

Serious fiscal imbalances

Recommendations

Local communities should form the core of disaster preparedness and mitigation programmes

Explore the feasibility of disaster insurance

Building of safer houses crucial

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) HDI is a composite measure Health Index, Education Index and Income Index Orissa HDI – 0.404 (11 th among 15 major States) Kerala (0.638) and Bihar (0.367) Wide Inter-district Variations 16 districts have lower HDI than State average Top Five Districts Khurda, Jharsuguda, Cuttack, Sundergarh, Deogarh Bottom Five Districts Malklanagiri, Kandhamal, Gajapati, Koraput, Nabarangpur

HDI is a composite measure

Health Index, Education Index and Income Index

Orissa HDI – 0.404 (11 th among 15 major States)

Kerala (0.638) and Bihar (0.367)

Wide Inter-district Variations

16 districts have lower HDI than State average

Top Five Districts

Khurda, Jharsuguda, Cuttack, Sundergarh, Deogarh

Bottom Five Districts

Malklanagiri, Kandhamal, Gajapati, Koraput, Nabarangpur

HDI – INTER-DISTRICT VARIATION

GAINS ACHIEVED DURING 1993-1999

ORISSA’S GAINS COMPARED TO ALL-INDIA

GDI is a composite measure - Health Index, Education Index and Income Index - Captures the gender dimensions of human development Orissa GDI – 0.546 Wide Inter-district Variations 20 districts have GDI values less than State average Best Five Districts Jharsuguda, Sundergarh, Deogarh, Angul, Khurda, Bottom Five Districts Malkanagiri, Kandhamal, Jajpur, Gajapati, Koraput, GENDER DEVELOPMENT INDEX (GDI)

GDI is a composite measure

- Health Index, Education Index and Income Index

- Captures the gender dimensions of human development

Orissa GDI – 0.546

Wide Inter-district Variations

20 districts have GDI values less than State average

Best Five Districts

Jharsuguda, Sundergarh, Deogarh, Angul, Khurda,

Bottom Five Districts

Malkanagiri, Kandhamal, Jajpur, Gajapati, Koraput,

GDI – INTER-DISTRICT VARIATION

RHI captures impact of six indicators Risks of early pregnancies; pregnancy complications Lack of trained Dhais; 3 rd or higher order babies Reproductive tract infections, contraceptive side effects Orissa RHI – 0.549 Wide Inter-district Variations 13 districts have RHI values less than State average Best Five Districts Jharsuguda, Jagatsinghpur, Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Cuttack Bottom Five Districts Kandhamal, Bhadrak, Balangir, Nabarangpur, Nuapada REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INDEX (RHI)

RHI captures impact of six indicators

Risks of early pregnancies; pregnancy complications

Lack of trained Dhais; 3 rd or higher order babies

Reproductive tract infections, contraceptive side effects

Orissa RHI – 0.549

Wide Inter-district Variations

13 districts have RHI values less than State average

Best Five Districts

Jharsuguda, Jagatsinghpur, Sundargarh, Keonjhar, Cuttack

Bottom Five Districts

Kandhamal, Bhadrak, Balangir, Nabarangpur, Nuapada

RHI – INTER-DISTRICT VARIATION

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: CHALLENGES Specific and target-oriented expenditure programmes Human Expenditure Ratio to increase from 4.43% to 5% Restructure expenditure in favour of social sectors: elementary education, primary and secondary health services, nutrition, rural water supply and sanitation Improve access of ST, SC and Women to quality education, public health and better nutrition Reduce regional and gender disparities Need for broad-based labour intensive economic growth • Mobilisation of higher resources • Diversify livelihood options of the poor and ST • Focus on higher agricultural growth, institutional credit and non-farm employment and income opportunities • Sustainable Management of forests and other NR

Specific and target-oriented expenditure programmes

Human Expenditure Ratio to increase from 4.43% to 5%

Restructure expenditure in favour of social sectors: elementary education, primary and secondary health services, nutrition, rural water supply and sanitation

Improve access of ST, SC and Women to quality education, public health and better nutrition

Reduce regional and gender disparities

Need for broad-based labour intensive economic growth

• Mobilisation of higher resources

• Diversify livelihood options of the poor and ST

• Focus on higher agricultural growth, institutional credit and non-farm employment and income opportunities

• Sustainable Management of forests and other NR

A DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE FOR ORISSA- POVERTY TASK FORCE Well-diversified, Fast Growing Economy Reduce Poverty Ratio from 47.20% to 15% Reduce Infant Mortality Rate from 87 to less than 41 Universal Literacy, High Quality Employable Skills Orissa - Net Exporter to rest of India & the World Free from Regional, Caste and Gender Disparities A Leading State in Human Development A Transparent and Responsive Government Key Development Goals

Well-diversified, Fast Growing Economy

Reduce Poverty Ratio from 47.20% to 15%

Reduce Infant Mortality Rate from 87 to less than 41

Universal Literacy, High Quality Employable Skills

Orissa - Net Exporter to rest of India & the World

Free from Regional, Caste and Gender Disparities

A Leading State in Human Development

A Transparent and Responsive Government

OLD DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM Low private investment and narrow base of economic growth Government expansion seen as main source of employment growth Public resources pre-empted by interest payments, pension and salaries of government employees Stagnation and decline in public investment in both quantity and quality Growth in inefficient subsidies such as grants to colleges and high schools with poor or zero output Exploitation of minerals and forest wealth  degradation of environment & displacement of tribals Top down public administration with information hidden from the public eye

Low private investment and narrow base of economic growth

Government expansion seen as main source of employment growth

Public resources pre-empted by interest payments, pension and salaries of government employees

Stagnation and decline in public investment in both quantity and quality

Growth in inefficient subsidies such as grants to colleges and high schools with poor or zero output

Exploitation of minerals and forest wealth  degradation of environment & displacement of tribals

Top down public administration with information hidden from the public eye

NEW PARADIGM On a path of fiscal improvement since 2001 Revenue Deficit reduced from 40% to less than 15% of Revenue Receipts Salary bill reduced from 150% to 80% of own revenues Orissa is the NUMBER ONE state in terms of revenue collection from the newly introduced VAT Orissa is NUMBER ONE in terms of private investment projects under implementation (source: CMIE) Government of Orissa is committed: To enhance transparency and accountability of public administration To reduce corruption, and To improve the quality of public spending and delivery of services

On a path of fiscal improvement since 2001

Revenue Deficit reduced from 40% to less than 15% of Revenue Receipts

Salary bill reduced from 150% to 80% of own revenues

Orissa is the NUMBER ONE state in terms of revenue collection from the newly introduced VAT

Orissa is NUMBER ONE in terms of private investment projects under implementation (source: CMIE)

Government of Orissa is committed:

To enhance transparency and accountability of public administration

To reduce corruption, and

To improve the quality of public spending and delivery of services

REFORM AGENDA OF THE GOVT OF ORISSA Economic Growth Enhancing Reform  simplify rules & regulation for clearing private investment proposals with adequate safeguards, identify potential growth engines and remove binding constraints in key sub-sectors Power sector reform  electric connectivity  e-connectivity  technology and market information from urban to rural areas Fiscal and admin reform  quantity and quality of public investment  improve operation of economic infrastructure and basic social services Health & Education reforms  Reallocate public expenditure towards priority outcomes + Reorganize departments + Improve service delivery Empowerment of poor and tribal people  Establish farmer groups and women’s self-help groups to enable the poor to benefit from growing market opportunities

Economic Growth Enhancing Reform  simplify rules & regulation for clearing private investment proposals with adequate safeguards, identify potential growth engines and remove binding constraints in key sub-sectors

Power sector reform  electric connectivity  e-connectivity  technology and market information from urban to rural areas

Fiscal and admin reform  quantity and quality of public investment  improve operation of economic infrastructure and basic social services

Health & Education reforms  Reallocate public expenditure towards priority outcomes + Reorganize departments + Improve service delivery

Empowerment of poor and tribal people  Establish farmer groups and women’s self-help groups to enable the poor to benefit from growing market opportunities

BUILDING BLOCKS FOR INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT Improved connectivity -- road, electric power, electronic connectivity, modern ports Easy market access so that farmers receive competitive prices for crops Easy entry for private investment with effective social & environmental safeguards Literate and skilled human resources Effective food security through enhanced productivity of agriculture and strengthened PDS with local oversight Effective targeting of wage employment and self-employment programs aligned with seasonality of demand District level planning  convergence of services

Improved connectivity -- road, electric power, electronic connectivity, modern ports

Easy market access so that farmers receive competitive prices for crops

Easy entry for private investment with effective social & environmental safeguards

Literate and skilled human resources

Effective food security through enhanced productivity of agriculture and strengthened PDS with local oversight

Effective targeting of wage employment and self-employment programs aligned with seasonality of demand

District level planning  convergence of services

INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT … Empowered rural communities with active self-help groups  voice to the voiceless Devolution to local bodies  power to the powerless Consultative process of decision making Transparency of programs and accountability of service providers

Empowered rural communities with active self-help groups  voice to the voiceless

Devolution to local bodies  power to the powerless

Consultative process of decision making

Transparency of programs and accountability of service providers

RE-THINKING GROWTH Build on Orissa’s natural advantages Diversify agriculture and non-farm activities Identify potential growth engines – horticulture, mineral-based manufacturing, tourism and traditional hand skills, fisheries, forests, and IT Base policies and decisions on objective analysis, not on anecdotal impression Improve overall climate for private investment – Single Window, R&R Policy, Credit arrangements, Land & Water, etc. Win public support for private investment – negotiate for social investment from private entrepreneurs, advertise ‘win-win’ cases, allocate share of mining revenue to social development in mineral rich districts

Build on Orissa’s natural advantages

Diversify agriculture and non-farm activities

Identify potential growth engines – horticulture, mineral-based manufacturing, tourism and traditional hand skills, fisheries, forests, and IT

Base policies and decisions on objective analysis, not on anecdotal impression

Improve overall climate for private investment – Single Window, R&R Policy, Credit arrangements, Land & Water, etc.

Win public support for private investment – negotiate for social investment from private entrepreneurs, advertise ‘win-win’ cases, allocate share of mining revenue to social development in mineral rich districts

ENHANCE RETURNS TO FARMERS Increase density of agricultural markets  improve price realization by farmers in Orissa through access to markets and to price information Amend Agricultural Marketing Act to permit private investment alongside public investment in marketing yards and storage facilities Establish framework for contract farming  e ncourage agro-processing and value addition Encourage sustainable and comprehensive water management through  Pani Panchayats  Water harvesting and re-cycling  Measures to combat droughts and control floods

Increase density of agricultural markets  improve price realization by farmers in Orissa through access to markets and to price information

Amend Agricultural Marketing Act to permit private investment alongside public investment in marketing yards and storage facilities

Establish framework for contract farming  e ncourage agro-processing and value addition

Encourage sustainable and comprehensive water management through  Pani Panchayats  Water harvesting and re-cycling  Measures to combat droughts and control floods

FISHERIES & FORESTS Both salt water and inland fisheries have potential Need to avoid adverse effects on natural environment Need for a policy framework and transparent guidelines Sustainable harnessing of, and value addition to, biomass resources  bamboo, medicinal plants and other species Maintain ecological stability and sustainability of land-based production systems  higher growth possible from forests and fisheries resources

Both salt water and inland fisheries have potential

Need to avoid adverse effects on natural environment

Need for a policy framework and transparent guidelines

Sustainable harnessing of, and value addition to, biomass resources  bamboo, medicinal plants and other species

Maintain ecological stability and sustainability of land-based production systems  higher growth possible from forests and fisheries resources

RE-THINKING APPROACH TO TAP THE STATE’S MINERAL WEALTH How to give back what is taken from the tribal districts? Sensitive R&R Policy Public investment in technical training to enhance employment prospects in the interior districts

How to give back what is taken from the tribal districts?

Sensitive R&R Policy

Public investment in technical training to enhance employment prospects in the interior districts

TOURISM HAS A GREAT POTENTIAL Enormous tourism resources Natural (tigers, elephants, Chilika, Simlipal) Cultural (sculpture, dance, handicrafts) Religious (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain) Need for high quality infrastructure Airports, roads, hotels

Enormous tourism resources

Natural (tigers, elephants, Chilika, Simlipal)

Cultural (sculpture, dance, handicrafts)

Religious (Hindu, Buddhist, Jain)

Need for high quality infrastructure

Airports, roads, hotels

FUTURE PROSPECTS Large-scale private investments expected to boost job creation and urbanization over the next 15 years Revenue Deficit will be eliminated by 2008-09 and the Government of Orissa will become creditworthy, borrowing only for investments Mineral based industry + Tourism, Handlooms, Handicrafts, Fisheries, Horticulture and forests  Accelerated growth in wage employment and self-employment Rapid economic Growth + Decline in Inequality  Rapid decline in Poverty and more employment opportunities Improved health and education  Food, health and social security  Education as a means of empowerment, value addition and knowledge creation  Improved quality of life

Large-scale private investments expected to boost job creation and urbanization over the next 15 years

Revenue Deficit will be eliminated by 2008-09 and the Government of Orissa will become creditworthy, borrowing only for investments

Mineral based industry + Tourism, Handlooms, Handicrafts, Fisheries, Horticulture and forests  Accelerated growth in wage employment and self-employment

Rapid economic Growth + Decline in Inequality  Rapid decline in Poverty and more employment opportunities

Improved health and education  Food, health and social security  Education as a means of empowerment, value addition and knowledge creation  Improved quality of life

CONVERGENCE OF EFFORTS, IDEAS & INVESTMENT Transforming Orissa requires: Convergence of efforts, ideas and investment Concerted action by all stakeholders State Govt., Central Govt., External Donors, Private Sector, Non Resident Oriyas, NGOs and the poor people themselves THANK YOU

Transforming Orissa requires:

Convergence of efforts, ideas and investment

Concerted action by all stakeholders

State Govt., Central Govt., External Donors, Private Sector, Non Resident Oriyas, NGOs and the poor people themselves