1. A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON GENDER ISSUES
RELATED TO WORKING WOMEN OF PRIVATE
SECTOR AND PUBLIC SECTOR IN BILASPUR
CITY(CG)
Guided By
Mr. Prince Dubey
Asst Professor CEC
Presented By
Shweta Dubey
MBA 2nd sem

2. INTRODUCTION

3. About the project:The report attempted to elaborate the general observations
and findings of the study conducted by me from January
2013 to March 2013, in a sample of 200 population (100
from Private sector and 100 from Public sector) The
current research aims to do survey on gender issues
related to working women in workplace. Women are
treated different from men in an organization, so this
study will help women to remove gender discrimination in
workplace.


4. Gender discrimination is not biologically determined but it
is determined by socially and the discrimination can be
changed by the proper and perpetuate efforts. Gender
discrimination can be divided into two parts: Indirect Discrimination - Putting you at a disadvantage
because of certain working practices or rules.
 Direct
Discrimination- Treating people differently
directly because of their Gender, Race and so on.
 Gender issues can be seen in 3 areas:1.
Promotion
2.
Hiring
3.
Salary


5. LITERATURE REVIEW

6. 
Chien and Kleiner showed that 1000 largest companies
in U.S among the 4000 people shown as the highest paid
officer or director only 19 were women and that because
women viewed as less suitable for upper management
roles and when women take executive positions the
chance of failure is high and predictable, and those
expectation of failure effect how women evaluated.

Berta Esteve – Volart (2004) described that gender
discrimination against women in the market place
reduces the available talent in an economy, which has
negative economic consequences. Gender discrimination
takes many forms.

7. OBJECTIVES

8. Define and identify harassment and Stereotyping.
 Describe the legal decisions that shape present policy.
 Define personal and professional boundaries.
 To promote work-life balance and flexible working
arrangements and to support and monitor take-up by
men and women.
 To increase representation of women on decision-making
bodies.
 To increase numbers of women taking up small business
loans and support services.
 To determine the factors which creates Gender
Differences at workplace.


9. RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY

10. Sample size
200 (100private sector,100 govt
sector)
Sample unit
Women working in private sectors and
government sectors
Universe
Bilaspur city
Research type
Descriptive research
Statistical scale
Likert scale
Test applied
Z-test
Primary data source
Standard Questionnaire
Secondary data source
Existing literature research paper

11. RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION

12. Q.1: Do you feel comfortable working with male employees?
70
65
60
49
50
48
40
30
Public
Private
30
20
10
0
1
1
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in public sector 48% women are strongly agree,
49% are agree, 2% are neutral, 1% are disagree and 0% are
strongly
disagree for comfortably working with male employees.
Whereas in Private
sector 30% women are highly agree, 65% are
agree,
1%
is
neutral, 3% are disagree and 1% is strongly disagree
for
comfortably
working with male employees.

13. Q.2: Do you feel male employees are getting promotion faster than you?
45
41
40
33
35
30
30
28
25
Public
17
20
15
Private
13
12 11
8 7
10
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 8% women are strongly agree,
30% are agree,17% are neutral, 33% are disagree and12% are
strongly disagree that employees are getting promotion faster than
women employees. Whereas in private sector 7%women are
strongly agree, 28% are agree, 13% are neutral, 41% are disagree
and 11% are strongly disagree that male employees are getting
promotion faster than women employees.

14. Q.3: Do you feel male employees are getting more benefits than
you?
43
45
40
34
32
35
30
25
21
20
15
15
Private
13 12
11
Public
12
7
10
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 12% women are strongly agree,
21% are agree 13% are neutral, 43% are disagree and 11% are
strongly disagree that male employees are getting more benefits
than women employees. Whereas in private sector 7% women are
strongly agree,32% are agree, 12% are neutral, 34% are disagree
and 15% are strongly disagree that male employees are
getting more benefits than women employees.

15. Q.4: Do you feel male employees are getting faster salary
increment than you?
42
45
37
40
35
30
25
24
19
20
Public
18
17
15
Private
12
15
12
10
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 4% women are strongly agree, 17% are
agree, 18% are neutral, 42% are disagree and 19% are strongly
disagree that male employees are getting faster salary increment than
women employees. Whereas in private sector 12% women are
strongly agree, 24% are agree, 12% are neutral, 37% are disagree and
15% are strongly disagree that male employees are getting faster
salary increment than women employees.

16. Q.5: Do you ever lose any job because you were a female
candidate?
45
45
38
40
35
30
29 28
25
Public
20
12
15
14
Private
12
9
10
7
6
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector12% women are strongly agree, 12% are
agree, 9% are neutral, 38% are disagree and 29% are strongly
disagree that they lost any job because they were female candidate.
Whereas in private sector 7% women are strongly agree, 14% are
agree, 6% are neutral, 45% are disagree and 28% are strongly
disagree that that they lost any job because they were female
candidate

17. Q.6: Do you think your organization have gender inclusive culture?
42
45
40
35
31
31
30
25
20
21
Public
18
16
17 16
Private
15
10
3
5
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 3% women are strongly agree, 17% are
agree, 31% are neutral, 31% are disagree and 18% are strongly
disagree that there organization have gender inclusive culture. Whereas
in private sector 5% women are strongly agree, 16% are agree, 16% are
neutral, 42% are disagree and 21% are strongly disagree that there
organization have gender inclusive culture.

18. Q.7: Do you feel you were treated less favorably or discriminated
against male Employee continuously in your organization?
45
45
37
40
35
30
25
21
25
23
21
Public
20
Private
15
10 9
10
6
3
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 3% women are strongly agree, 21% are
agree, 10% are neutral, 45% are disagree and 21% are strongly
disagree that they are discriminated against male employees
continuously in their organization. Whereas in private sector 6%
women are strongly agree, 25% are agree, 9% are neutral, 37% are
disagree and 23% are strongly disagree that they are discriminated
against male employees continuously in their organization.

19. Q.8: Do you think male employee is getting more salary than you
for the same work?
42 41
45
40
35
31
30
24
25
Public
18
20
Private
14
15
11 11
10
6
2
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 2% women are strongly agree, 14% are
agree, 11% are neutral, 42% are disagree and 31% are strongly
disagree that male employees are getting more salary than women
employees for the same work. Whereas in private sector 6% women
are strongly agree, 24% are agree, 11% are neutral, 41% are disagree
and 18% are strongly disagree that male employees are getting more
salary than women employees for the same work.

20. Q.9: Do you think your boss is not taking your opinion in
important decision making Process of the organization?
43
45
38
40
35
30
25
20
21
21 21
Public
18
Private
13
12
15
10
10
3
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 13% women are strongly agree, 21%
are agree, 10% are neutral, 38% are disagree and 18% are strongly
disagree that their boss is not taking their opinion in important
decision making process of the organization. Whereas in private
sector 3% women are strongly agree, 21% are agree, 21% are
neutral, 43% are disagree and 12% are strongly disagree that their
boss is not taking their opinion in important decision making process
of the organization.

21. Q.10: Do you ever harassed by male boss/colleague?
57
60
50
42
40
28
30
Public
Private
20
18
20
15
11
10
6
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 2% women are strongly agree, 15% are
agree, 6% are neutral, 57% are disagree and 20% are strongly
disagree that they are getting harassed by male boss/colleague.
Whereas in private sector 1% women are strongly agree, 18% are
agree, 11% are neutral, 42% are disagree and 28% are strongly
disagree that they are getting harassed by male boss/colleague

22. Q.11: Do you want a female colleague or a female boss at your
workplace?
44
45
38
40
35
30
25
22
25
20
18
10
4
Private
13
12
15
5
Public
18
6
0
1
2
3
4
5
Interpretation: It is inferred that in Public sector 18% women are strongly agree, 38%
are agree, 22% are neutral, 18% are disagree, and 4% are strongly
disagree that they want a female boss at their workplace. Whereas in
private sector 13% women are strongly agree, 44% are agree, 12%
are neutral, 25% are disagree, and 6% are strongly disagree that they
want a female boss at their workplace.

23. HYPOTHESIS TESTING

24. FAC
TOR
S
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
F6
F7
F8
F9
F10
F11
M1
4.44
2.89
2.8
2.45
2.4
2.56
2.4
2.14
2.73
2.22
3.48
M2
4.2
2.79
2.82
2.81
2.27
2.42
2.54
2.59
2.6
2.22
3.33
SD1
0.59
1.2
1.24
1.1
1.34
1.07
1.13
1.07
1.33
1
1.11
SD2
0.7
1.17
1.23
1.29
1.21
1.14
1.26
1.21
1.04
1.08
1.16
ZValu
e
2.63
0.6
-0.11 -2.12
0.72
0.9
-0.83 -2.79
0.77
0
0.93

25. Significant Differences: 1) COMFORTABILITY:Ha1- There is significant difference in gender issues
related to working women between private and public
sectors on “comfort ability level” in bilaspur city.
 4) SALARY INCREMENT:Hd1-There is significant difference in gender issues
related to working women between private and public
sectors on “salary increment level” in bilaspur city.
 8) SALARY:Hh1-There is significant difference in gender issues
related to working women between private and public
sectors on “salary level” in bilaspur city.

26. FINDINGS

27. 






There are many factors which are responsible for gender
discrimination such as harassment, stereotyping, experience,
pregnancy, culture etc.
Gender discrimination can be seen in many areas such as hiring,
promotion, salary increment, Decision making etc.
In public sector 97% women are comfortable working with male
employees whereas 95% women are comfortable working with male
employees.
In public sector 38% and in private sector 35% women thinks that
male employees are getting faster salary increment than them.
In public sector 33% and in private sector 39% women thinks that
male employees are getting more benefits than them.
In public sector 21% and in private sector 36% women thinks that
male employees are getting faster salary increment than them.
In public sector 24% and in private sector 21% women think that they
lost jobs because they were female candidate.

28. 





In public sector 20% and in private sector 21% women thinks that
their organization has gender inclusive culture.
In public sector 24% and in private sector 31% women think that they
are discriminated against male employees in their organization.
In public sector 16% and in private sector 30% women thinks male
employees are getting more salary than them for the same work.
In public sector 34% and in private sector 24% women thinks that
their boss is not taking their opinion in decision making process of
the organization.
In public sector 17% and in private sector 19% women are harassed
by their boss or colleague.
In public sector 56% and in private sector 57% women wants female
boss or colleague at their workplace.

29. RECOMMENDATION

30. Gender issues are major problem in our society so we have to
take some important steps for removing gender inequality
which are as follows: Government should make laws for women safety.


Male employees should not harass female employees.
We should appreciate female working women for their good work.

Government should take actions against that organization where
females
are discriminated.

We should provide more benefits to women employees.

Maternal leaves provide give to female employees.

31. 
We should provide friendly environment in our organization.

We should create good environment in our organization so that
women can comfortably work there.

Most of the women felt that male employees are getting faster salary
increment than them, it happens because boss feels that women are
weak and less experienced. So, we have to change our thinking and
appreciate women.

32. CONCLUSION

33. A nation or society, without the participation of women cannot
achieve development. If we eliminate gender discrimination, women
will deliver all the potentials, skills, knowledge to develop the family,
the nation and the whole world. The discriminatory practices are
chronic and deep rooted in the community, in both the powerful and
powerless segments of society. Many initiatives have attempted to
change this - much success has been recorded but not sustained
due to lack of institutional mechanisms. Attempts were exclusive to
certain castes and/or gender that generated conflict and dispute at
the individual, household and community level, and created
confrontation among the castes or male-female rather developing
consensus and respecting the rights of others.
From the above study it is concluded that women are
treated less favorably in private and public both area. But gender
issues in private sectors are more than in public sector.

34. THANK
YOU