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Strategies	
  to	
  avoid	
  Falls	
  and	
  Stay	
  Independent	
  
	
  
Falling	
  down	
  is	
  the	
  main	
  reason	
  seniors	
  and	
  elderly	
  lose	
  their	
  independence.	
  	
  Falls	
  
are	
  the	
  number	
  one	
  cause	
  of	
  injury,	
  hospital	
  visits	
  due	
  to	
  trauma,	
  and	
  death	
  from	
  an	
  
injury	
  among	
  people	
  age	
  65	
  and	
  older.	
  	
  It	
  is	
  estimated	
  that	
  one	
  in	
  three	
  older	
  adults	
  
falls	
  each	
  year.	
  	
  Falls	
  among	
  older	
  adults	
  is	
  a	
  serious	
  issue,	
  but	
  research	
  has	
  shown	
  
that	
  many	
  fall	
  risks	
  can	
  be	
  reduced.	
  
There	
  are	
  many	
  different	
  factors	
  that	
  can	
  increase	
  the	
  risk	
  of	
  falling.	
  	
  These	
  include:	
  
•	
  Past	
  falls	
  
•	
  Chronic	
  diseases	
  
•	
  Hazards	
  in	
  the	
  home	
  and	
  community	
   •	
  Multiple	
  medications	
  
•	
  Problems	
  walking	
  
•	
  Poor	
  vision	
  
•	
  Balance	
  problems	
  
•	
  Depression	
  
•	
  Weakness	
  
•	
  Memory	
  problems	
  
•	
  Improper	
  footwear	
  
•	
  Behaviors	
  like	
  rushing	
  
	
  
Statistics	
  show	
  that:	
  
• More	
  than	
  40%	
  of	
  people	
  hospitalized	
  from	
  hip	
  fractures	
  do	
  not	
  return	
  home	
  
and	
  are	
  not	
  capable	
  of	
  living	
  independently	
  again;	
  
• 25%	
  of	
  those	
  who	
  have	
  fallen	
  pass	
  away	
  each	
  year;	
  

	
  
The	
  CDC	
  estimates	
  that	
  the	
  medical	
  costs	
  of	
  falls	
  exceed	
  $28	
  billion	
  a	
  year.	
  A	
  recent	
  
study	
  from	
  Florida	
  suggests	
  a	
  workshop-­‐based	
  community	
  fall	
  prevention	
  program	
  
can	
  be	
  implemented	
  for	
  an	
  average	
  of	
  $325	
  per	
  completer	
  over	
  the	
  first	
  year	
  and	
  
$176	
  the	
  following	
  year.	
  
	
  
 
Fear	
  of	
  Falling	
  
Many	
  older	
  adults	
  are	
  afraid	
  of	
  falling.	
  This	
  fear	
  becomes	
  more	
  common	
  as	
  people	
  
age,	
  even	
  among	
  those	
  who	
  haven't	
  fallen.	
  It	
  may	
  lead	
  older	
  people	
  to	
  avoid	
  
activities	
  such	
  as	
  walking,	
  shopping,	
  or	
  taking	
  part	
  in	
  social	
  activities.	
  
If	
  you're	
  worried	
  about	
  falling,	
  talk	
  with	
  your	
  doctor	
  or	
  another	
  health	
  care	
  
provider.	
  Your	
  doctor	
  may	
  refer	
  you	
  to	
  a	
  physical	
  therapist.	
  Physical	
  therapy	
  can	
  
help	
  you	
  improve	
  your	
  balance	
  and	
  walking	
  and	
  help	
  build	
  your	
  walking	
  confidence.	
  
Getting	
  rid	
  of	
  your	
  fear	
  of	
  falling	
  can	
  help	
  you	
  to	
  stay	
  active,	
  maintain	
  your	
  physical	
  
health,	
  and	
  prevent	
  future	
  falls.	
  	
  
	
  
How	
  Can	
  We	
  Prevent	
  Falls?	
  
Researchers	
  have	
  identified	
  that	
  the	
  most	
  effective	
  fall	
  prevention	
  programs	
  have	
  
many	
  components.	
  First	
  a	
  person	
  needs	
  to	
  understand	
  what	
  may	
  put	
  them	
  at	
  risk	
  
for	
  falling.	
  	
  Some	
  risks	
  can	
  be	
  reduced.	
  	
  Medical	
  providers	
  can	
  help	
  to	
  identify	
  risks	
  
and	
  develop	
  a	
  plan.	
  	
  Specific	
  physical	
  activity	
  can	
  target	
  reduce	
  fall	
  risk	
  by	
  
increasing	
  balance	
  and	
  mobility	
  skills.	
  	
  Also	
  changes	
  to	
  the	
  home	
  and	
  community	
  
environment	
  can	
  reduce	
  hazards	
  and	
  help	
  support	
  a	
  person	
  in	
  completing	
  daily	
  
activities.	
  	
  If	
  you	
  use	
  an	
  in-­‐home	
  care	
  agency,	
  ask	
  them	
  to	
  do	
  a	
  study	
  on	
  your	
  house.	
  	
  
While	
  this	
  is	
  not	
  a	
  comprehensive	
  list	
  of	
  fall	
  prevention	
  strategies,	
  it’s	
  a	
  good	
  place	
  
to	
  start:	
  
	
  
1)	
  Begin	
  an	
  exercise	
  program	
  to	
  improve	
  your	
  leg	
  strength	
  &	
  balance	
  
2)	
  Ask	
  your	
  doctor	
  or	
  pharmacist	
  to	
  review	
  your	
  medicines	
  
3)	
  Get	
  annual	
  eye	
  check-­‐ups	
  &	
  update	
  your	
  eyeglasses	
  
4)	
  Get	
  semi	
  annual	
  oral	
  care.	
  	
  Poor	
  oral	
  care	
  is	
  linked	
  to	
  many	
  diseases	
  
	
  
a)	
  Brush	
  your	
  mouth	
  twice	
  a	
  day	
  
	
  
b)	
  Take	
  out	
  your	
  dentures	
  every	
  night	
  and	
  soak	
  them	
  in	
  water	
  
	
  
c)	
  Clean	
  your	
  mouth	
  after	
  every	
  meal	
  
5)	
  Make	
  your	
  home	
  safer	
  by:	
  
a)	
  Removing	
  clutter	
  &	
  tripping	
  hazards	
  
b)	
  Putting	
  railings	
  on	
  all	
  stairs	
  &	
  adding	
  grab	
  bars	
  in	
  the	
  bathroom	
  
c)	
  Having	
  good	
  lighting,	
  especially	
  on	
  stairs	
  
6)	
  There	
  are	
  many	
  devices	
  you	
  can	
  use	
  such	
  as	
  Canes,	
  walkers,	
  using	
  a	
  cordless	
  
portable	
  phone,	
  and	
  having	
  an	
  alert	
  pendent	
  among	
  many	
  others.	
  	
  
	
  
Resources:	
  
CDC	
  
NIH	
  
Fox	
  News	
  
Helping	
  Solution	
  

	
  

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Strategies to avoid falls and stay independent- a tool kit for seniors

  • 1. Strategies  to  avoid  Falls  and  Stay  Independent     Falling  down  is  the  main  reason  seniors  and  elderly  lose  their  independence.    Falls   are  the  number  one  cause  of  injury,  hospital  visits  due  to  trauma,  and  death  from  an   injury  among  people  age  65  and  older.    It  is  estimated  that  one  in  three  older  adults   falls  each  year.    Falls  among  older  adults  is  a  serious  issue,  but  research  has  shown   that  many  fall  risks  can  be  reduced.   There  are  many  different  factors  that  can  increase  the  risk  of  falling.    These  include:   •  Past  falls   •  Chronic  diseases   •  Hazards  in  the  home  and  community   •  Multiple  medications   •  Problems  walking   •  Poor  vision   •  Balance  problems   •  Depression   •  Weakness   •  Memory  problems   •  Improper  footwear   •  Behaviors  like  rushing     Statistics  show  that:   • More  than  40%  of  people  hospitalized  from  hip  fractures  do  not  return  home   and  are  not  capable  of  living  independently  again;   • 25%  of  those  who  have  fallen  pass  away  each  year;     The  CDC  estimates  that  the  medical  costs  of  falls  exceed  $28  billion  a  year.  A  recent   study  from  Florida  suggests  a  workshop-­‐based  community  fall  prevention  program   can  be  implemented  for  an  average  of  $325  per  completer  over  the  first  year  and   $176  the  following  year.    
  • 2.   Fear  of  Falling   Many  older  adults  are  afraid  of  falling.  This  fear  becomes  more  common  as  people   age,  even  among  those  who  haven't  fallen.  It  may  lead  older  people  to  avoid   activities  such  as  walking,  shopping,  or  taking  part  in  social  activities.   If  you're  worried  about  falling,  talk  with  your  doctor  or  another  health  care   provider.  Your  doctor  may  refer  you  to  a  physical  therapist.  Physical  therapy  can   help  you  improve  your  balance  and  walking  and  help  build  your  walking  confidence.   Getting  rid  of  your  fear  of  falling  can  help  you  to  stay  active,  maintain  your  physical   health,  and  prevent  future  falls.       How  Can  We  Prevent  Falls?   Researchers  have  identified  that  the  most  effective  fall  prevention  programs  have   many  components.  First  a  person  needs  to  understand  what  may  put  them  at  risk   for  falling.    Some  risks  can  be  reduced.    Medical  providers  can  help  to  identify  risks   and  develop  a  plan.    Specific  physical  activity  can  target  reduce  fall  risk  by   increasing  balance  and  mobility  skills.    Also  changes  to  the  home  and  community   environment  can  reduce  hazards  and  help  support  a  person  in  completing  daily   activities.    If  you  use  an  in-­‐home  care  agency,  ask  them  to  do  a  study  on  your  house.     While  this  is  not  a  comprehensive  list  of  fall  prevention  strategies,  it’s  a  good  place   to  start:     1)  Begin  an  exercise  program  to  improve  your  leg  strength  &  balance   2)  Ask  your  doctor  or  pharmacist  to  review  your  medicines   3)  Get  annual  eye  check-­‐ups  &  update  your  eyeglasses   4)  Get  semi  annual  oral  care.    Poor  oral  care  is  linked  to  many  diseases     a)  Brush  your  mouth  twice  a  day     b)  Take  out  your  dentures  every  night  and  soak  them  in  water     c)  Clean  your  mouth  after  every  meal   5)  Make  your  home  safer  by:   a)  Removing  clutter  &  tripping  hazards   b)  Putting  railings  on  all  stairs  &  adding  grab  bars  in  the  bathroom   c)  Having  good  lighting,  especially  on  stairs   6)  There  are  many  devices  you  can  use  such  as  Canes,  walkers,  using  a  cordless   portable  phone,  and  having  an  alert  pendent  among  many  others.       Resources:   CDC   NIH   Fox  News   Helping  Solution