Amr Chap 08 Operating Systems & Utility Programs

Operating Systems & Utility ProgramsChapter 8
By Amr Aborig.

What is System Software?
System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
Two types of system software .
Operating systems
Utility programs.
An operating system (OS)is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources .

Operating systems
Operating systems are divided in to three basic categories :
1.Stand-alone OS: is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer ,notebook computer, or mobile computing device.
Names of Stand-alone operating systems: DOS /Early Windows Versions (Windows 3.x,Windows 95, Windows NT Workstation, Windows 98, Windows 2000 professional, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows XP)/Windows Vista/ Mac OS X/UNIX/Linux.
2.Server OS: is an operating system that is designed specifically to support a network.
Names of Server operating systems: Early Windows server versions(Windows NT Server, Windows 2000 server, Windows Server 2003)//Windows Server 2008 /UNIX /Linux /Solaris/ Netware.

-Embedded OS :The operating system on mobile devices and many consumer electronics.
-Names of embedded OS :Windows Embedded CE/Windows Mobile/ Palm OS / i Phones OS /BlackBerry/ Embedded Linux /Symbian OS.
~The Boot Process~
-Is the process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting.
-When turning on a computer that has been powered off completely, you are performing a cold boot. A warm boot is the process of using the operating system to restart a computer.
-Steps of the boot process:-
1-The power supply sends a signal to the components in the system unit.
2-The processor finds the ROM chips(s) that contains the BIOS (basic input/output system.

3-The BIOS performs the POST (power on self test) ,which checks components ,such as the mouse , keyboard &adapter cards.
4-The results of the POST are compared with data in a CMOS (Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) chip.
5-The BIOS may look for the system files on a USB flash drive or on an optical disc drive or may look directly on drive C (hard disk).
6-The system files and the kernel of the operating system load into memory (RAM) from storage (i.e., hard disk).
7-The operating system loads configuration information , may request user information , starts several background processes , and displays the desktop on the screen

Functions of operating systems
-Starting and shutting down a computer (cold or warm boot).
-Providing a user interface.
-Managing computers & Memory.
-coordinating Tasks.
-Configuring Devices.
-Establishing an Internet connection.
-Monitoring Performance.
-Providing file management & other utilities.
-And automatically updating itself &certain utility programs.
-Control a network & administer security.

What is a utility program?
A utility program , also called a utility, is a type of software that allows a user to perform maintenance- type tasks ,usually related to managing a computer , its devices or its programs.
Functions of utility programs
Managing/searching for files.
Viewing images
Uninstalling programs
Cleaning up/Defragmenting disks
Backing up files & disks
Setting up screen savers
Securing a computer from unauthorized eccess
Protecting against viruses/removing spyware & adware
Filtering Internet content
Compressing files
Playing media Files/Burning optical discs.
& Maintaining a personal computer.

Q?
1-What is system software? Name the types of system software.
2-What does POST ,BIOS & CMOS stand for and name their functions?
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Amr Chap 08 Operating Systems & Utility Programs

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Amr Chap 08 Operating Systems & Utility Programs — Presentation Transcript