Mapping Your Data Christopher Martin [email_address]

About Me Geography Major Computer Science Minor

Geography Major

Computer Science Minor

Outline Data Types/Models Data Sources Map Types Demos

Data Types/Models

Data Sources

Map Types

Demos

Tools of the Trade Cartographic Software ArcMap Other (uDig, QGIS, GRASS) “ Mapping” Libraries/Tools Google Earth, Google Maps, OpenLayers

Cartographic Software

ArcMap

Other

(uDig, QGIS, GRASS)

“ Mapping” Libraries/Tools

Google Earth, Google Maps, OpenLayers

Data Models Two primary data models used when making maps Raster Data Vector Data

Two primary data models used when making maps

Raster Data

Vector Data

Raster Data Consists of discrete cells (think graph paper) Each cell has a discrete value Occur in rows and columns Examples Images (all image types) DEM

Consists of discrete cells (think graph paper)

Each cell has a discrete value

Occur in rows and columns

Examples

Images (all image types)

DEM

Vector Data Each position is represented by coordinates Coordinates are connected to form lines or polygons Points, lines and polygons are then used to represent geographic features Examples Shapefile

Each position is represented by coordinates

Coordinates are connected to form lines or polygons

Points, lines and polygons are then used to represent geographic features

Examples

Shapefile

Points, Lines, Polygons

Data Sources US Census Bureau Not just population data Generalized Boundary Data ESRI TIGER/LINE NED Data FEMA Q3 Flood Data USGS SEAMLESS Distribution

US Census Bureau

Not just population data

Generalized Boundary Data

ESRI

TIGER/LINE

NED Data

FEMA Q3 Flood Data

USGS

SEAMLESS Distribution

Data Sources (cont’d) NYS GIS Clearing House Membership required Wide variety of data CUGIR NYS and National data Free, huge variety CIGAR Worldwide Elevation Data Columbia University EDS Electronic Data Service

NYS GIS Clearing House

Membership required

Wide variety of data

CUGIR

NYS and National data

Free, huge variety

CIGAR

Worldwide Elevation Data

Columbia University EDS

Electronic Data Service

Data Sources (cont’d) Geography Network Aggregates data from different providers Online Map Server Available

Geography Network

Aggregates data from different providers

Online Map Server Available

Data Quality Meta Data Data about the data All legitimate providers will provide this Available for download or online viewing

Meta Data

Data about the data

All legitimate providers will provide this

Available for download or online viewing

Map Types Thematic Maps Not reference maps Four main types Choropleth Map Proportional Map Isarithmic Map (contour) Dot Map

Thematic Maps

Not reference maps

Four main types

Choropleth Map

Proportional Map

Isarithmic Map (contour)

Dot Map

Choropleth Map Shaded Areas The “color” of the shade varies based on measurement of our variable

Shaded Areas

The “color” of the shade varies based on measurement of our variable

Isarithmic Map Also known as Contour Maps We draw lines to connect separate variables that have the same value

Also known as Contour Maps

We draw lines to connect separate variables that have the same value

Proportional Symbol Map Uses symbols The size of the symbol varies according to the variable

Uses symbols

The size of the symbol varies according to the variable

Dot Density Map Uses dots Size is uniform, but the concentration represents changes in the variable

Uses dots

Size is uniform, but the concentration represents changes in the variable

Cartograms Are NOT maps Area is not preserved Area of the geographic regions varies by variable Two primary types Area Area gets larger or smaller depending on the variable Distance Nodes or places can be closer or farther depending on realtive distance

Are NOT maps

Area is not preserved

Area of the geographic regions varies by variable

Two primary types

Area

Area gets larger or smaller depending on the variable

Distance

Nodes or places can be closer or farther depending on realtive distance

Cartogram

File Formats Shapefile A collection of points, lines and polygons Tabular data values assocated with each DEM Raster data, each cell represents elevation Comes in different resolutions

Shapefile

A collection of points, lines and polygons

Tabular data values assocated with each

DEM

Raster data, each cell represents elevation

Comes in different resolutions

Demo Time! Gathering Data Converting Data Geocoding Getting Data Into Arc Map Making a Map ArcMap Google Earth Google Maps/OpenLayer

Gathering Data

Converting Data

Geocoding

Getting Data Into Arc Map

Making a Map

ArcMap

Google Earth

Google Maps/OpenLayer