Geography Project Global Warming

Unit19: Global Warming By : An Jiasheng (23) Andrew Lam (24) Chong Kai Xiang (26) Class: 203

What is global Warming?
Due to recent human activities , there is an increase in air pollutants in our atmosphere.
These air pollutants are keeping excess heat within the earth’s atmosphere.
These “enhanced Green house effect” caused by pollutants traps more infra-red radiation and cause Earth’s climate to heat up.

Extent of global warming
Global Warming affects the whole world.
Example ,due to global warming ,mean surface area of the world went up. Most places in the world have higher temperature than usual.

Causes of global warming
Greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere.
Methane(CH 4 )
Nitrous Oxide(N 2 O)
Carbon Dioxide(CO 2 )
Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)

Methane (10% of greenhouse gases in atmosphere)
Natural by-product of bacterial actions in the stomach of livestock and in the water of rice field.
In keeping with the effort to increase food supply, more methane will be released into the air.

Nitrous oxide (5% of greenhouse gases in atmosphere)
Emitted through burning of fuels and use of chemical fertilizers containing nitrogen.

Carbon dioxide (72% of the greenhouse gases in atmosphere.
Released when any form of burning takes place.
Burning of fossil fuels and large-scale destruction of forests (deforestation)are main cause of increase of carbon dioxide.

CFCs (13% of the greenhouse gases in atmosphere
Man-made chemicals used in manufacturing of aerosols, air-con and refrigerator .

Consequences of global warming (the Environment)
Scientists predict that average world temperature will rise by 0.5 Celsius every 10 years over the next 100 years. After the increase of more than 6 degrees, we shall die .
Due to increase in evaporation
More rain will likely to fall in tropical regions
Temperate regions will experience longer and drier summer, shorter and wetter winter.
There will be more droughts in the interior of north America and Russia and more storms in Asia .

Environment
Polar ice caps and glaciers will melt and shrink.
This may cause …
Sea level to rise by 3 meters
Low-lying regions will be flooded
There will be more storms and land slides and increased river flooding.

Effects of climate change
In tropical regions where floods or droughts are expected, crop yields will decline.
Present arable lands in temperate regions will also suffer due to a longer and drier summer season.
However, present dry places will experience more rain causing their yields to increase.

Effects of sea level changes by the year 2050
Islands in South Pacific Ocean could be submerged
Settlements, port facilities and coastal structure might be damaged
Countries like Venice and London will sink.
Water supply to coastal settlements will be affected when salt water seeps into groundwater due to flooding making the water to saline.
River Delta will be flooded, affecting people living there.
Wildlife in salt marshes and coral reefs will be threatened.
Mangrove swamps with its species will be destroyed.

Measures to reduce the impact of global warming
Reduce CO 2 emission
On the world scale
Earth summit 1992, 154 countries pledge to stabilize emission by 2000
On the country scale
Impose carbon tax
Introduce energy substitutes like solar energy.
Retain trees to absorb carbon dioxide
Introduce measures to save electricity
Individual scale
Switch off electric appliances when not in use.

Continue …
Reduce nitrous oxide emission
World scale
NIL
Country scale
Improve public transport
Reduce use of chemical fertilizer containing nitrogen
Individual scale
Use public transport rather than private owned transport.

Continue…
Reduce methane emission
World scale
Stop cows from farting. Reduces 10kg of methane every year 
Country scale
Reduce demand for meat & rice product.
Individual scale
Find food substitutes for meat and rice.

Continue…
Reduce CFCs emission
World scale
Montreal Protocol signed by 92 countries in 1992.
Country scale
Ban the use of CFCs
Individual scale
Buy only non-CFC products

Adjusting to the effect of global warming
Rising sea level
Country scale
Limit the no. of buildings built along the coast.
Provide coastal protection such as dykes.
Individual scale
Develop right attitude and help reduce any form of heat increase to the atmosphere.
Switch off any unused fans or lights.
Reduce comforts of energy consuming appliances like dishwasher and air-con.

Continue..
More frequent drought conditions
Country scale
Initiate research to produce new crops which can grew in dry conditions.
Introduce efficient irrigation system
Individual scale
Adopt right attitude towards using water
Consciously save water

Continue….
Extinction of wildlife and plant species
Country scale
expand and create wildlife reserves
Create a global network of corridors of natural vegetation to allow for free movement of species.
Individual scale
Aware of ecological problems and solutions
Respect natural habitat
Decision makers and profit making developers should conserve rather than recreate.

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Geography Project Global Warming

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