NB2 - Present Perfect (introduction)

His shoes are dirty He’s cleaning his shoes He has cleaned his shoes They are at home They are going out They have gone out

He has cleaned his shoes They have gone out We use the present perfect for an action in the past with a result now I have lost my passport (I can’t find my passport now) We have bought a new car (We have a new car now)

Present perfect (have + past participle ) I We You They Have(‘ve) Have not (haven’t) Cleaned Finished Started Lost Done Been gone He She It Has (‘s) Has not (hasn’t)

Questions have I We You They Cleaned ? Finished ? Started ? Lost ? Done ? Been ? Gone ? has He She it

Base form Past simple Past Participle Be Was/were Been Become Became Become Begin Began Begun Break Broke Broken Bring Brought Brought Build Built Built Buy Bought Bought Catch Caught Caught Choose Chose Chosen come came come

The past participle
For Regular verbs The past participle is -ed (the same as the past simple):
clean —» I have cleaned
finish —* we have finished
start —* she has started
For Irregular verbs The past participle is not -ed.
Sometimes the past simple and past participle are the same:
buy —» I bought / I have bought
have —* he had / he has had
Sometimes the past simple and past participle are different:
break -* 1 broke / 1 have broken
see -» you saw / you have seen
fall —* it fell / it has fallen
go —* they went / they have gone

What has happened?
Clean shoes
Close the door
Go to bed
Stop raining
Have a shower
Fall down

Mr Smith is a tourist
He has travelled all over the world
He has visited many countries

Has he been to London?
Yes, he has.
He has been to London
What has he seen in London?
He has seen the Big Ben

Has he been to Paris?
Yes he has.
He has been to Paris
What has he visited in Paris?
He has visited the Eiffel Tower

Has he been to New York? Yes, he has. He has been to New York. Has he taken a picture of the Statue of Liberty? Yes, he has. He has taken a picture of the Statue of Liberty

Has he been to Italy? Yes, he has. He has been to Italy What has he seen in Italy? He has seen the Pissa Tower

Has he been to Australia? No, he hasn’t He hasn’t been to Australia Has he seen a kangaroo? No, he hasn’t . He hasn’t seen a kangaroo

Has he been to Africa? No, he hasn’t He hasn’t been to Africa Has he seen a giraffe? No. He hasn’t seen a giraffe

What about you? Have you ever been to any of these countries? Have you ever been to Holland? Have you seen a windmill? Have you ever been to India? Have you visited the Taj Mahal? Have you ever been to Egypt? Have you taken a picture of the pyramids?

Mr Smith has been to London.
He has taken a picture of the Big Ben
When was that?
He went to London last year.
He took this picture in August
Did he like the city?
Yes, he did.

Mr Smith has been to Paris.
He has visited the Eiffel tower
When?
He was in Paris two months ago.
He took this picture in November

Mr Smith has been to Italy.
He went there last week end.
He enjoyed visiting the Pissa Tower very much.
He visited many other interesting places in Italy.

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NB2 - Present Perfect (introduction)

by Sergio Viñ

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