2. 2 CONTENTS
Data, Information & Knowledge
Knowledge Hierarchy
Types of Knowledge
What Is Knowledge Management
Why KM
History of KM
KM Models
KM life cycle
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
3. 3
C ONTINUE …
Characteristics of KM in Libraries
Terms Used in KM
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
4. 4
D ATA , I NFORMATION &
K NOWLEDGE
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
6. 6
E XPLICIT / TACIT
K NOWLEDGE -T YPES
Tacit knowledge: That type of knowledge which
people carry in their mind, and is, therefore,
difficult to access.
Explicit knowledge: That type of knowledge
which has been or can be articulated, codified,
and stored in certain media.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
7. 7 F EATURES
Explicit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge
Tangible Intangible
Physical objects, e.g. in Mental objects, i.e. it's in
documents or databases people's head's
Context independent Context affects meaning
Easily shared Sharing involves learning
Reproducible Not identically replicated
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
8. 8
W HAT I S K NOWLEDGE
M ANAGEMENT
Knowledge Management is the
collection of processes that govern the
creation, dissemination, and utilization
of knowledge.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
9. 9 W HY KM
To share the knowledge, a company creates
exponential benefits from the knowledge as
people learn from it.
To build better sensitivity to “brain drain”
To reacting to new business opportunities
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
11. 11 I N 70’S
A number of management theorists have
contributed to the evaluation of KM.
Peter Drucker: Information and knowledge as
organizational resources
Peter Senge: "learning organization"
Chaparral Steel: A company having knowledge
management strategy
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
12. 12 I N 80’ S
Knowledge as a competitive asset was apparent.
Managing knowledge that relied on work done in
artificial intelligence and expert systems.
Knowledge management-related articles began
appearing in journals and books .
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
13. 13 I N 90’ S U NTIL N OW
A number of management consulting firms had
begun in-house knowledge management
programs. E.g. ADAM’s Model
Knowledge management was introduced in the
popular press.
The International Knowledge Management
Network(IKMN) went online in 1994.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
14. 14 KM M ODELS
There are some KM Models:
Nonaka/Takeuchi Knowledge Spiral (1995)
ADAM’s Model (2000-01)
The Choo Sense-making KM Model (1998)
WIIG KM Model
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
15. 15
N ONAKA /TAKEUCHI
KNOWLEDGE SPIRAL (1995)
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
16. 16
ADAM’ S M ODEL (2000-01)
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
17. 17
T HE C HOO S ENSE - MAKING
KM M ODEL (1998)
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
19. 19
K NOWLEDGE F ORM BY
WIIG M ODEL
Public Knowledge
Sharing Knowledge
Personal Knowledge
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
20. 20 CONTINUE…
The knowledge which is explicit and can be
learned and shared, called Public Knowledge.
The knowledge which is an intellectual assets
and held exclusively by employees and shared
during work or embedded in technologies, called
Sharing Knowledge.
The knowledge which is the least accessible, but
the most complete form of knowledge. It’s
usually tacit and used without knowing, called
Personal Knowledge.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
21. 21
K NOWLEDGE T YPES BY
WIIG M ODEL
Factual Knowledge
Conceptual Knowledge
Expectational Knowledge
Methodological Knowledge
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
22. 22 C ONTINUE …
That type of knowledge which deals with data
and measurements, and directly observable and
verifiable, called Factual Knowledge.
That type of knowledge which deals with
systems, concepts and perspectives, called
Conceptual Knowledge.
That type of knowledge which deals with
hypothesis, judgments and expectations held by
knowers, called Expectational Knowledge.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
23. 23 C ONTINUE …
That type of knowledge which deals with
reasoning, strategies and decision making
methods, called Methodological Knowledge.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
26. 26 C ONTINUE …
Information Mapping: ( To categorize the
knowledge assest) Information mapping is a
process by which organizations can identify and
categories knowledge assets within their
organization.
Information Storaging: Information storing that
contains knowledge repositories such as
databases, data warehouses, and information
centers and indicates electronic environment of
organizational memory.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
27. 27 CONTINUES …
Information Retrieving: In this stage, knowledge
is stored and retrieved via information retrieval
systems.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
28. 28 K NOWLEDGE U SING
Organizations use knowledge for three reasons:
Knowledge can be used for determining
organization’s work processes and making
strategies for sustainable competitive advantage.
Knowledge can be used for designing and
marketing product.
Knowledge plays a critical role of organization’s
services quality
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
29. 29 K NOWLEDGE A UDITING
Knowledge auditing means what amount of
knowledge can be used in organization’s
products, services and processes.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
30. 30
C HARACTERISTICS OF KM IN
L IBRARIES
The characteristics of KM in libraries are:
Human Resource Management Is the Core of
Knowledge Management in Libraries.
The Objective of Knowledge Management in Libraries
is to Promote Knowledge Innovation.
Information Technology Is a Tool for Knowledge
Management in Libraries.
The knowledge acquired must be accumulated and
converged into knowledge warehouses of libraries.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
31. 31 T ERMS U SED IN KM
There are some terms used in KM:
Knowledge architect
Knowledge assets
Knowledge bridge
Knowledge Workers
Knowledge Economy
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
32. 32 K NOWLEDGE ARCHITECT
Knowledge architect is the staff member who
oversees the definitions of knowledge and
intellectual processes and then identifies the
technological and human resources required to
create, capture, organize, access and use
knowledge assets.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
33. 33 K NOWLEDGE ASSETS
Knowledge assets, also called intellectual capital,
are the human, structural and recorded
resources available to the organization. Assets
reside within the minds of members, customers,
and colleagues and also include physical
structures and recorded media.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
34. 34 K NOWLEDGE BRIDGE
Knowledge bridge is the connection that a KM
expert builds between the business processes
and the technological, sociological, personal,
financial, sales, creative, and customer oriented
functions of the organization.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
35. 35 K NOWLEDGE W ORKERS
Employees and managers who contribute
significantly to the intellectual capital of the
company are called knowledge workers.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
36. 36 K NOWLEDGE E CONOMY
The knowledge economy is a term that refers
either to an economy of knowledge focused on
the production and management of knowledge
in the frame of economic constraints, or to a
knowledge-based economy.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
37. 37 R EFERENCES
http://www.slideshare.net/nabendumaji/knowle
dge-management-10353260
http://www.skyrme.com/kmbasics/kchars.htm
http://www.bridgefieldgroup.com/bridgefieldgro
up/glos5.htm
http://www.unc.edu/~sunnyliu/inls258/Introduct
ion_to_Knowledge_Management.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_econo
my
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
38. 38 C ONTINUE …
http://home.earthlink.net/~ddstuhlman/defin1.htm
Shanhong, T. “Knowledge Management in Libraries
in the 21st Century”
SAĞSAN , M. “A NEW LIFE CYCLE MODEL FOR
PROCESSING OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT”
Crista, S.D. (2009), “Perspectives on knowledge
management models”
Bergeron, B. “Essentials of Knowledge Management”
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
