Quality Assurance in PHP Projects

Quality Assurance in PHP Projects Sebastian Bergmann June 10th 2010

Sebastian Bergmann  Co-Founder and Principal Consultant with thePHP.cc  Pioneer in the field of QA for PHP projects  Creator of PHPUnit  Contributor to PHP

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When things go wrong in software projects, the team has to work overtime and cancel vacations.

More often than not, deadlines and quality goals are missed nevertheless.

What is software quality?

What is software quality? FURPS [Grady87]  Functionality  Usability  Reliability  Performance  Supportability

Unit Testing Testing a unit of code isolated from its dependencies.

Unit Tests are like a warm blanket you can wrap yourself into if you need to go out into the code forest to refactor. (Volker Dusch)

Examples to introduce unit tests are boring. Please bear with me and do not fall asleep!

The BankAccount example BankAccount.php <?php class BankAccount { protected $balance = 0; public function getBalance() { return $this->balance; } protected function setBalance($balance) { if ($balance >= 0) { $this->balance = $balance; } else { throw new BankAccountException; } } public function depositMoney($balance) { $this->setBalance($this->getBalance() + $balance); return $this->getBalance(); } public function withdrawMoney($balance) { $this->setBalance($this->getBalance() - $balance); return $this->getBalance(); } }

The BankAccount example BankAccountTest.php <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { }

The BankAccount example BankAccountTest.php <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testBalanceIsInitiallyZero() { } }

The BankAccount example BankAccountTest.php <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testBalanceIsInitiallyZero() { $ba = new BankAccount; $this->assertEquals(0, $ba->getBalance()); } }

The BankAccount example Running the test(s) sb@ubuntu ~ % phpunit BankAccountTest PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann. . Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 3.25Mb OK (1 test, 1 assertion)

The BankAccount example Tests can serve as an executable specification.

The BankAccount example Tests can serve as an executable specification. sb@ubuntu ~ % phpunit --testdox BankAccountTest PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann. BankAccount [x] Balance is initially zero

The BankAccount example Leverage the setUp() template method <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { protected $ba; protected function setUp() { $this->ba = new BankAccount; } public function testBalanceIsInitiallyZero() { $this->assertEquals(0, $this->ba->getBalance()); } }

The BankAccount example More tests … <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { // ... public function testBalanceCannotBecomeNegative() { try { $this->ba->withdrawMoney(1); } catch (BankAccountException $e) { $this->assertEquals(0, $this->ba->getBalance()); return; } $this->fail(); } }

The BankAccount example More tests … <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { // ... public function testBalanceCannotBecomeNegative2() { try { $this->ba->depositMoney(-1); } catch (BankAccountException $e) { $this->assertEquals(0, $this->ba->getBalance()); return; } $this->fail(); } }

The BankAccount example More tests … <?php require_once 'BankAccount.php'; class BankAccountTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { // ... public function testDepositingAndWithdrawingMoneyWorks() { $this->assertEquals(0, $this->ba->getBalance()); $this->ba->depositMoney(1); $this->assertEquals(1, $this->ba->getBalance()); $this->ba->withdrawMoney(1); $this->assertEquals(0, $this->ba->getBalance()); } }

The BankAccount example More tests … sb@ubuntu ~ % phpunit --testdox BankAccountTest PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann. BankAccount [x] Balance is initially zero [x] Balance cannot become negative [x] Depositing and withdrawing money works

The BankAccount example is finished. You can all wake up again :)

Organizing Tests

Organizing Tests Running all tests in a directory sb@ubuntu ~ % phpunit Tests PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann. ............................................................ 60 / 75 ............... Time: 0 seconds OK (75 tests, 164 assertions)

Organizing Tests Running all tests of a test case class sb@ubuntu ~ % phpunit Tests/FreezerTest PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann. ............................ Time: 0 seconds OK (28 tests, 60 assertions)

Organizing Tests Filter tests based on name sb@ubuntu ~ % phpunit --filter testFreezingAnObjectWorks Tests PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann. . Time: 0 seconds OK (1 test, 2 assertions)

Software Testing Pyramid End-to-End Tests Functional Tests Unit Tests

Categories of (Unit) Tests  Small: Unit Tests  Check conditional logic in the code  A debugger should not be required in case of failure  Medium: Functional Tests  Check whether the interfaces between classes abide by their contracts  Large: End-to-End Tests  Check for ”wiring bugs”

Functional tests can tell you something broke.

Functional tests can tell you something broke. Unit tests can tell you what broke. (Jason Huggins)

Testable Code ”The secret in testing is in writing testable code” Miško Hevery

This presentation is not about architecture. But for thinking about testability it makes sense to look at MVC.

So far we have only tested the model.

What about the controller?

ModelViewController A minimalistic MVC implementation  Request  Encapsulate all input  Response  Encapsulate all output  FrontController  Request → Controller → Response  Model ↔ Controller → View

ModelViewController The Request class <?php class Request { protected $data = array(); public function __construct(array $server = array(), array $get = array(), array $post = array(), array $cookie = array(), array $files = array(), array $env = array()) { $this->data['server'] = $server; $this->data['get'] = $get; $this->data['post'] = $post; $this->data['cookie'] = $cookie; $this->data['files'] = $files; $this->data['env'] = $env; } public function __call($type, array $arguments) { if (!isset($this->data[$type])) { throw new BadMethodCallException; } if (empty($arguments) || !isset($this->data[$type][$arguments[0]])) { throw new InvalidArgumentException; } return $this->data[$type][$arguments[0]]; } }

ModelViewController The Request class <?php class RequestTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testRequestUri() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); $this->assertEquals('/', $request->server('REQUEST_URI')); } }

ModelViewController The Request class <?php class RequestTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testRequestUri() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); $this->assertEquals('/', $request->server('REQUEST_URI')); } /** * @expectedException InvalidArgumentException */ public function testExceptionWhenRequestUriIsNotSet() { $request = new Request; $uri = $request->server('REQUEST_URI'); } }

ModelViewController The Response class <?php class Response { protected $headers = array(); protected $data = array(); public function addHeader($header) { $this->headers[] = $header; } public function setData($key, $value) { $this->data[$key] = $value; } }

ModelViewController The Response class <?php class ResponseTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testAddingHeadersWorks() { $response = new Response; $this->assertAttributeEmpty('headers', $response); } }

ModelViewController The Response class <?php class ResponseTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testAddingHeadersWorks() { $response = new Response; $this->assertAttributeEmpty('headers', $response); $response->addHeader('HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found'); $this->assertAttributeContains( 'HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found', 'headers', $response ); } }

ModelViewController The Response class <?php class ResponseTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testNoHeadersAreInitiallySet() { $response = new Response; $this->assertAttributeEmpty('headers', $response); return $response; } /** * @depends testNoHeadersAreInitiallySet */ public function testAddingHeadersWorks(Response $response) { $response->addHeader('HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found'); $this->assertAttributeContains( 'HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found', 'headers', $response ); } }

ModelViewController The Response class <?php class Response { protected $headers = array(); protected $data = array(); public function addHeader($header) { $this->headers[] = $header; } public function setData($key, $value) { $this->data[$key] = $value; } public function getHeaders() { return $this->headers; } public function getData() { return $this->data; } }

ModelViewController The Response class <?php class ResponseTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testNoHeadersAreInitiallySet() { $response = new Response; $this->assertEmpty($response->getHeaders()); return $response; } /** * @depends testNoHeadersAreInitiallySet */ public function testAddingHeadersWorks(Response $response) { $response->addHeader('HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found'); $this->assertContains( 'HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found', $response->getHeaders() ); } }

ModelViewController The FrontController class <?php class FrontController { protected $request; protected $response; public function __construct() { $this->request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV ); $this->response = new Response; } } Request and Response cannot be injected

ModelViewController The FrontController class <?php class FrontController { protected $request; protected $response; public function __construct(Request $request, Response $response) { $this->request = $request; $this->response = $response; } }

ModelViewController The FrontController class <?php class FrontController { // ... public function dispatch(Router $router) { $controller = $router->route($this->request); $view = $controller->execute( $this->request, $this->response ); return $view; } }

ModelViewController index.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; }

ModelViewController index.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; } $request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV );

ModelViewController index.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; } $request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV ); $response = new Response;

ModelViewController index.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; } $request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV ); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response );

ModelViewController index.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; } $request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV ); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response ); $router = new Router; $router->addRoute('/', 'DefaultController');

ModelViewController index.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; } $request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV ); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response ); $router = new Router; $router->addRoute('/', 'DefaultController'); $view = $frontController->dispatch($router); $view->render();

ModelViewController index.php <?php require 'bootstrap.php'; $request = new Request( $_SERVER, $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, $_ENV ); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response ); $router = new Router; $router->addRoute('/', 'DefaultController'); $view = $frontController->dispatch($router); $view->render();

EdgetoEdge Testing <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { } }

EdgetoEdge Testing Create a Request object with test input <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); } }

EdgetoEdge Testing Create a Response object <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); $response = new Response; } }

EdgetoEdge Testing Create a FrontController object <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response ); } }

EdgetoEdge Testing <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response ); // Do something } }

EdgetoEdge Testing <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { $request = new Request(array('REQUEST_URI' => '/')); $response = new Response; $frontController = new FrontController( $request, $response ); // Do something // Perform assertion(s) on the $response object } }

EdgetoEdge Testing Imagine that we did not have Request and Response <?php class EndToEndTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { public function testSomething() { $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] = '/'; // Do something // Perform assertion(s) on ... what exactly? } }

And what about the view? The view should be so ”dumb” that it requires no testing.

PHPUnit Best Practices

PHPUnit Best Practices Use an XML Configuration File <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <phpunit> <testsuites> <testsuite name="My Test Suite"> <directory>path/to/dir</directory> </testsuite> </testsuites> </phpunit>

PHPUnit Best Practices Use a bootstrap script <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <phpunit bootstrap="/path/to/bootstrap.php"> <testsuites> <testsuite name="My Test Suite"> <directory>path/to/dir</directory> </testsuite> </testsuites> </phpunit>

PHPUnit Best Practices bootstrap.php <?php function __autoload($class) { require $class . '.php'; }

PHPUnit Best Practices Configure the test suite using the XML configuration file <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <phpunit> <php> <const name="foo" value="bar"/> <var name="foo" value="bar"/> <ini name="foo" value="bar"/> </php> </phpunit>

PHPUnit Best Practices Disable PHPUnit features (that you should not need anyway)  Syntax Check  Enabled by default in PHPUnit 3.4  Disabled by default in PHPUnit 3.5  Removed in PHPUnit 3.6  Backup/Restore of global variables  Enabled by default in PHPUnit 3.5  Disabled by default in PHPUnit 3.6  Backup/Restore of static attributes  Disabled by default

PHPUnit Best Practices Disable PHPUnit features (that you should not need anyway) <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <phpunit backupGlobals="false" backupStaticAttributes="false" syntaxCheck="false"> <testsuites> <testsuite name="My Test Suite"> <directory>path/to/dir</directory> </testsuite> </testsuites> </phpunit>

PHPUnit Best Practices Use Code Coverage Whitelisting <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <phpunit backupGlobals="false" backupStaticAttributes="false" syntaxCheck="false"> <filter> <whitelist addUncoveredFilesFromWhitelist="true"> <directory suffix=".php">path/to/dir</directory> </whitelist> </filter> </phpunit>

PHPUnit Best Practices Make the Code Coverage information more meaningful /** * @covers Object_Freezer::freeze */ public function testFreezingAnObjectWorks() { $this->assertEquals( array( /* ... */ ), $this->freezer->freeze(new A(1, 2, 3)) ); }

PHPUnit Best Practices Exploit dependencies between tests /** * @covers Object_Freezer::freeze * @covers Object_Freezer::thaw * @depends testFreezingAnObjectWorks */ public function testFreezingAndThawingAnObjectWorks() { $object = new A(1, 2, 3); $this->assertEquals( $object, $this->freezer->thaw( $this->freezer->freeze($object) ) ); }

PHPUnit Best Practices Decouple test code from test data <?php class DataTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase { /** * @dataProvider providerMethod */ public function testAdd($a, $b, $c) { $this->assertEquals($c, $a + $b); } public function providerMethod() { return array( array(0, 0, 0), array(0, 1, 1), array(1, 1, 3), array(1, 0, 1) ); } }

Continuous Integration is about preventing your developers from burning in Integration Hell.

Integration Hell  I've been working on my classes and think they are perfect.  You've been working on yours and I suppose you think they're pretty good, too.  Carl has been working on his, and you know how that goes. This slide contains material by Ron Jeffries

Integration Hell  Now we have to integrate them to build a new system.  Carl's code, as usual, breaks everything.  It looks to me as if you have a few problems, too.  My code is solid, I know that because I worked hard on it. This slide contains material by Ron Jeffries

Integration Hell  What I can't understand is why you think there might be something wrong with my code, and Carl, the idiot, is after both of us.  We're in for a few really unpleasant days.  Maybe next time we shouldn't wait so long to integrate. This slide contains material by Ron Jeffries

Continuous Integration is about improving software quality and reducing project risks.

Continuous Integration Software development practice where members of a team integrate their work frequently  Usually each person integrates at least daily, leading to multiple integrations per day  Each integration is verified by an automated build (including test) to detect integration errors as quickly as possible  Leads to significantly reduced integration problems and allows a team to develop cohesive software more rapidly This slide contains material by Martin Fowler

Continuous Integration What is the Return on Investment?

The Value of Continuous Integration  Reduce risks  Reduce repetitive processes  Generate deployable software  Enable better project visibility  Establish greater project confidence This slide contains material by Paul M. Duvall

The Value of Continuous Integration Risks Continuous Integration helps to reduce  Late discovery of defects  Regression Testing  Test Coverage  Low-Quality Software  Coding Standard Adherence  Architectural Adherence  Duplicate Code  Lack of deployable software  Lack of project visibility This slide contains material by Paul M. Duvall

Interlude: TestDriven Development Disciplined software development practice that focuses on software design by first writing automated unit tests followed by production code in short, frequent iterations This slide contains material by David S. Janzen

Interlude: TestDriven Development  Affects overall software quality  Beyond just defect density  Ability to detect defects early  Significant improvements in quality  Significant improvements in productivity This slide contains material by David S. Janzen

Interlude: TestDriven Development Software developed [using TDD] is likely to have …  Fewer defects  Fewer statements  Lower computational complexity  Lower coupling between classes  Higher test coverage and volume This slide contains material by David S. Janzen

Continuous Integration Lets focus on the implementation.  Build Automation  CI Solutions for PHP

Continuous Integration Where do we start?

Continuous Integration Where do we start?  Identify repetitive processes  Running tests  Analyzing source code  Packaging  Deployment  Make these processes a non-event

Static Code Analysis

Static Code Analysis Lines of Code  Text-based metric for code size  Various definitions  Lines of Code (LOC)  Comment Lines of Code (CLOC)  Non-Comment Lines of Code (NCLOC)  Executable Lines of Code (ELOC)  Ratios can be interesting  CLOC / (E)LOC

Static Code Analysis Lines of Code sb@thinkpad ~ % phploc --count-tests /usr/local/src/php-object-freezer phploc 1.5.1 by Sebastian Bergmann. Directories: 10 Files: 30 Lines of Code (LOC): 4046 Cyclomatic Complexity / Lines of Code: 0.06 Executable Lines of Code (ELOC): 1222 Comment Lines of Code (CLOC): 2007 Non-Comment Lines of Code (NCLOC): 2039 Namespaces: 0 Interfaces: 2 Classes: 19 Abstract: 1 (5.26%) Concrete: 18 (94.74%) Average Class Length (NCLOC): 109 Methods: 51 Scope: Non-Static: 48 (94.12%) Static: 3 (5.88%) Visibility: Public: 35 (68.63%) Non-Public: 16 (31.37%) Average Method Length (NCLOC): 40 Cyclomatic Complexity / Number of Methods: 2.41 Anonymous Functions: 0 Functions: 0 Constants: 1 Global constants: 0 Class constants: 1 Tests: Classes: 9 Methods: 76

Static Code Analysis Code Duplication  Two sequences of code are duplicate when they are  textually identical  token for token identical  functionally identical  Problems  Duplicate code contradicts code reuse  Co-Evolution of clones hinders maintenance

Static Code Analysis Code Duplication sb@thinkpad ~ % phpcpd /usr/local/src/phpunit/ phpcpd 1.3.1 by Sebastian Bergmann. Found 4 exact clones with 131 duplicated lines in 7 files: - Extensions/Database/DataSet/AbstractTable.php:156-190 Extensions/Database/DataSet/ReplacementTable.php:172-206 - Samples/BankAccountDB/BankAccountDBTest.php:84-128 Samples/BankAccountDB/BankAccountDBTestMySQL.php:84-128 - Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/XmlDataSetsTest.php:71-98 Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/YamlDataSetTest.php:70-97 - Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/XmlDataSetsTest.php:71-97 Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/CsvDataSetTest.php:70-96 0.21% duplicated lines out of 61720 total lines of code.

Static Code Analysis Code Complexity  Cyclomatic Complexity  Counts the number of branching points if, for, foreach, while, case, catch, &&, ||, ternary operator (?:)  NPath Complexity  Counts the number execution paths  Interpretation  Higher complexity leads to more errors  Higher complexity makes testing harder

Static Code Analysis Code Complexity: Cyclomatic Complexity <?php 1 function f($a, $b, $c, $d) { 2 if ($a) { // ... } 3 if ($b) { // ... } 4 if ($c) { // ... } 5 if ($d) { // ... } }

Static Code Analysis Code Complexity: NPath Complexity <?php 1 function f($a, $b, $c, $d) { 2 if ($a) { // ... } 4 if ($b) { // ... } 8 if ($c) { // ... } 16 if ($d) { // ... } }

Static Code Analysis Code Complexity: NPath Complexity <?php 1 function f($a, $b) { 2 if ($a) { // ... } 4 if ($b) { // ... } } 1 function g($c, $d) { 2 if ($c) { // ... } 4 if ($d) { // ... } }

Static Code Analysis phpcs  Static Analysis of PHP Code  Based on ext/tokenizer  ”Sniffs”  Coding Standard  Software Metrics  Bug Patterns  Performance Patterns  ...

Static Code Analysis pdepend  Static Analysis of PHP Code  Software Metrics  Software Visualization  Helps to identify parts of an application that should be refactored

Static Code Analysis phpmd  Static Analysis of PHP Code  Based on pdepend  Reports violations of rules that operate on raw software metrics data

Static Code Analysis Padawan  Static Analysis of PHP Code  Based on phc  Strong focus on anti pattern detection

Static Code Analysis bytekit-cli  Static Analysis of PHP Code  Based on ext/bytekit  Disassembles PHP bytecode  Visualizes PHP bytecode  Scans PHP bytecode  … for disallowed opcode sequences  … for direct output of variables  …

Static Code Analysis bytekit-cli 1 <?php 2 if (TRUE) { 3 print '*'; 4 } 5 ?> sb@thinkpad ~ % bytekit if.php bytekit-cli 1.1.1 by Sebastian Bergmann. Filename: /home/sb/if.php Function: main Number of oplines: 8 line # opcode result operands ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 0 EXT_STMT 1 JMPZ true, ->6 3 2 EXT_STMT 3 PRINT ~0 '*' 4 FREE ~0 4 5 JMP ->6 6 6 EXT_STMT 7 RETURN 1

Static Code Analysis bytekit-cli 1 <?php 2 if (TRUE) { 3 print '*'; 4 } 5 ?> sb@thinkpad ~ % bytekit --graph /tmp --format svg if.php

Static Code Analysis bytekit-cli sb@thinkpad ~ % bytekit --rule DisallowedOpcodes:EVAL /usr/local/src/phpunit/trunk/PHPUnit bytekit-cli 1.1.1 by Sebastian Bergmann. - Disallowed opcode "EVAL" in /usr/local/src/phpunit/trunk/PHPUnit/Framework/TestCase.php:1160 - Disallowed opcode "EVAL" in /usr/local/src/phpunit/trunk/PHPUnit/Framework/TestCase.php:1061 - Disallowed opcode "EVAL" in /usr/local/src/phpunit/trunk/PHPUnit/Extensions/PhptTestCase.php:223 - Disallowed opcode "EVAL" in /usr/local/src/phpunit/trunk/PHPUnit/TextUI/Command.php:169

QA Tools for PHP Overview http://phpqatools.org/

Static Code Analysis PHP_CodeBrowser

Build Automation Automate {errorprone|recurring|tedious} tasks

Build Automation Available Solutions  Apache Ant  http://ant.apache.org/  GNU Make  http://www.gnu.org/software/make/  Phing (Phing is not GNU Make)  http://phing.info/  Rake (Ruby Make)  http://rake.rubyforge.org/  Shell scripts

Build Automation Apache Ant  Java-based build tool  Kind of like make, without make's wrinkles  Build files are XML-based, calling out a target tree where various tasks get executed

Build Automation Apache Ant <project name="php-object-freezer" default="build" basedir="."> <target name="clean"> <delete dir="build"/> <mkdir dir="build/api"/> <mkdir dir="build/coverage"/> <mkdir dir="build/logs"/> <mkdir dir="build/pdepend"/> </target> <target name="update"> <exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="git"> <arg line="pull"/> </exec> </target> <target name="phpunit"> <exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="phpunit" failonerror="true"> </target> <target name="parallelTasks"> <parallel> <antcall target="pdepend"/> <antcall target="phpmd"/> <antcall target="phpcpd"/> <antcall target="phpcs"/> <antcall target="phpdoc"/> </parallel> </target>

Build Automation Apache Ant <target name="pdepend"> <exec dir="${basedir}" executable="pdepend"> <arg line="--jdepend-xml=${basedir}/build/logs/jdepend.xml --jdepend-chart=${basedir}/build/pdepend/dependencies.svg --overview-pyramid=${basedir}/build/pdepend/overview.svg source/Object" /> </exec> </target> <target name="phpmd"> <exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="phpmd"> <arg line="Object xml codesize,unusedcode --reportfile ${basedir}/build/logs/pmd.xml" /> </exec> </target> <target name="phpcpd"> <exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="phpcpd"> <arg line="--log-pmd ${basedir}/build/logs/pmd-cpd.xml Object" /> </exec> </target> <target name="phpcs"> <exec dir="${basedir}" executable="phpcs"> <arg line="--report=checkstyle --report-file=${basedir}/build/logs/checkstyle.xml --standard=Sebastian source/Object" /> </exec> </target>

Build Automation Apache Ant <target name="phpdoc"> <exec dir="${basedir}/source/Object" executable="phpdoc"> <arg line="-d Object -t build/api" /> </exec> </target> <target name="phpcb"> <exec executable="phpcb"> <arg line="--log ${basedir}/build/logs --source ${basedir}/Object --output ${basedir}/build/code-browser" /> </exec> </target> <target name="build" depends="clean,update,parallelTasks,phpunit,phpcb"/> </project>

Continuous Integration is about feeling the pulse of a project.

Continuous Integration Server A software solution that  automatically fetches new revisions from the version control system  automatically builds and tests the software  keeps software metrics information over time  provides insight into the development progress and code quality throughout the development lifecycle

Continuous Integration Server Available Solutions  CruiseControl  http://cruisecontrol.sf.net/  phpUnderControl  http://phpUnderControl.org/  Hudson  http://hudson-ci.org/  Atlassian Bamboo  http://www.atlassian.com/software/bamboo/  Arbit  http://arbitracker.org/

The End  Web: http://thePHP.cc/ http://sebastian-bergmann.de/  Mail: sebastian@thePHP.cc  Twitter: @s_bergmann  Slides: http://talks.thePHP.cc/  Vote: http://joind.in/1525  Buy the book: http://phpqabook.com/

Bibliography  Software Metrics: Establishing a company-wide program. Robert Grady and Deborah Caswell, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall, 1987, ISBN 978-0138218447.  Software Architecture Improvement through Test-Driven Development. David S. Janzen, 2006. http://www.acm.org/src/subpages/gf_entries_06/DavidJanzen_src_gf06.pdf

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Quality Assurance in PHP Projects

by Sebastian Bergmann on Jun 10, 2010

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Quality Assurance in PHP Projects — Presentation Transcript