Continuous Integration
Sebastian Bergmann & Stefan Priebsch
October 21st 2009

This presentation is about tools
that help you build better software.

Tools solve problems.
Problems you should think about before it is too late.

When things go wrong in software projects,
the team has to work overtime and cancel vacations.

More often than not,
deadlines and quality goals are missed nevertheless.

You will ask yourself: ”Why did I not test this?”

Unit Tests improve the confidence in your code
as they detect problems as early as possible.

The focus of this presentation is not PHPUnit.

Lets focus on other tools and best practices.
 phploc
 phpcpd
 phpcs
 pdepend
 ant
 CruiseControl
 phpUnderControl

Software Metrics
phploc
sb@thinkpad php-object-freezer % phploc --count-tests .
phploc 1.3.0 by Sebastian Bergmann.
Directories: 10
Files: 30
Lines of Code (LOC): 4032
Cyclomatic Complexity / Lines of Code: 0.06
Executable Lines of Code (ELOC): 1218
Comment Lines of Code (CLOC): 2007
Non-Comment Lines of Code (NCLOC): 2025
Interfaces: 2
Classes: 19
Abstract: 1 (5.26%)
Concrete: 18 (94.74%)
Lines of Code / Number of Classes: 153
Methods: 51
Scope:
Non-Static: 48 (94.12%)
Static: 3 (5.88%)
Visibility:
Public: 35 (68.63%)
Non-Public: 16 (31.37%)
Lines of Code / Number of Methods: 57
Cyclomatic Complexity / Number of Methods: 2.41
Functions: 0
Constants: 1
Global constants: 0
Class constants: 1
Tests:
Classes: 9
Methods: 76

Software Metrics
phpcpd
sb@thinkpad ~ % phpcpd /usr/local/src/phpunit/trunk/PHPUnit
phpcpd 1.2.0 by Sebastian Bergmann.
Found 4 exact clones with 131 duplicated lines in 7 files:
- Extensions/Database/DataSet/AbstractTable.php:156-190
Extensions/Database/DataSet/ReplacementTable.php:172-206
- Samples/BankAccountDB/BankAccountDBTest.php:84-128
Samples/BankAccountDB/BankAccountDBTestMySQL.php:84-128
- Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/XmlDataSetsTest.php:71-98
Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/YamlDataSetTest.php:70-97
- Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/XmlDataSetsTest.php:71-97
Tests/Extensions/Database/DataSet/CsvDataSetTest.php:70-96
0.21% duplicated lines out of 61720 total lines of code.

Software Metrics
phpcs
 Static Analysis of PHP Code
 Based on ext/tokenizer
 ”Sniffs”
 Coding Standard
 Software Metrics
 Bug Patterns
 Performance Patterns
 ...

Software Metrics
pdepend
 Static Analysis of PHP Code
 Software Metrics
 Software Visualization
 Helps to identify parts of an application that
should be refactored

QA Tools for PHP
Overview
http://phpqatools.org/

Build Automation
Automate {error­prone|recurring|tedious} tasks

Build Automation
Apache Ant
 Java-based build tool
 Kind of like make, without make's
wrinkles
 Build files are XML-based, calling out a
target tree where various tasks get
executed

Build Automation
Apache Ant
<project name="php-object-freezer" default="build" basedir=".">
<target name="clean">
<!-- Clean up -->
<delete dir="build"/>
<!-- Create build directories -->
<mkdir dir="build/api"/>
<mkdir dir="build/coverage"/>
<mkdir dir="build/logs"/>
<mkdir dir="build/pdepend"/>
<!-- Generate dummy PMD logfile -->
<echoxml file="build/logs/pmd.xml">
<pmd version="dummy"/>
</echoxml>
</target>
<!-- Update checkout -->
<target name="update">
<exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="git">
<arg line="pull"/>
</exec>
</target>

Build Automation
Apache Ant
<!-- Run unit tests and generate junit.xml and clover.xml -->
<target name="phpunit">
<exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="phpunit" failonerror="true">
<arg line="--log-junit ${basedir}/build/logs/junit.xml
--coverage-clover ${basedir}/build/logs/clover.xml
--coverage-html ${basedir}/build/coverage
Tests" />
</exec>
</target>
<!-- Run pdepend, phpcpd, phpcs, and phpdoc in parallel -->
<target name="parallelTasks">
<parallel>
<antcall target="pdepend"/>
<antcall target="phpcpd"/>
<antcall target="phpcs"/>
<antcall target="phpdoc"/>
</parallel>
</target>
<!-- Generate pmd-cpd.xml -->
<target name="phpcpd">
<exec dir="${basedir}/source" executable="phpcpd">
<arg line="--log-pmd ${basedir}/build/logs/pmd-cpd.xml Object" />
</exec>
</target>

Build Automation
Apache Ant
<!-- Generate jdepend.xml and software metrics charts -->
<target name="pdepend">
<exec dir="${basedir}" executable="pdepend">
<arg line="--jdepend-xml=${basedir}/build/logs/jdepend.xml
--jdepend-chart=${basedir}/build/pdepend/08-dependencies.svg
--overview-pyramid=${basedir}/build/pdepend/09-overview.svg
source/Object" />
</exec>
</target>
<!-- Generate checkstyle.xml -->
<target name="phpcs">
<exec dir="${basedir}" executable="phpcs">
<arg line="--report=checkstyle
--report-file=${basedir}/build/logs/checkstyle.xml
--standard=Sebastian
source/Object" />
</exec>
</target>

Build Automation
Apache Ant
<!-- Generate API documentation -->
<target name="phpdoc">
<exec dir="${basedir}/source/Object" executable="phpdoc">
<arg line="-q -ct type -ue on
-tb /usr/share/pear/data/phpUnderControl/data/phpdoc
-o HTML:Phpuc:phpuc
-t ${basedir}/build/api
-d ." />
</exec>
</target>
<target name="build" depends="clean,update,parallelTasks,phpunit"/>
</project>

Build Automation
Apache Ant
sb@thinkpad php-object-freezer % ant
Buildfile: build.xml
clean:
[delete] Deleting directory /usr/local/cruisecontrol/projects/php-object-freezer/build
[mkdir] Created dir: /usr/local/cruisecontrol/projects/php-object-freezer/build/api
[mkdir] Created dir: /usr/local/cruisecontrol/projects/php-object-freezer/build/coverage
[mkdir] Created dir: /usr/local/cruisecontrol/projects/php-object-freezer/build/logs
[mkdir] Created dir: /usr/local/cruisecontrol/projects/php-object-freezer/build/pdepend
update:
[exec] Already up-to-date.
pdepend:
[exec] PHP_Depend 0.9.7 by Manuel Pichler
[exec]
[exec] Parsing source files:
[exec] .......... 10
[exec]
[exec] Executing Inheritance-Analyzer:
[exec] 16
[exec]
[exec] Executing NodeCount-Analyzer:
[exec] .. 51
[exec]
[exec] Executing Coupling-Analyzer:
[exec] ... 76
[exec]
[exec] Executing Dependency-Analyzer:
[exec] .. 58
[exec]
[exec] Executing NodeLoc-Analyzer:
[exec] ... 61
[exec]
[exec] Executing CyclomaticComplexity-Analyzer:
[exec] ... 70
[exec]
[exec] Generating pdepend log files, this may take a moment.
[exec]
[exec] Time: 00:01; Memory: 10.00Mb
phpcpd:
[exec] phpcpd 1.2.0 by Sebastian Bergmann.
[exec]
[exec] 0.00% duplicated lines out of 1686 total lines of code.
phpcs:
[exec] Result: 1
phpdoc:
phpunit:
[exec] PHPUnit 3.4.1 by Sebastian Bergmann.
[exec]
[exec] ............................................................ 60 / 78
[exec] ..................
[exec]
[exec] Time: 3 seconds
[exec]
[exec] OK (78 tests, 166 assertions)
[exec]
[exec] Writing code coverage data to XML file, this may take a moment.
[exec]
[exec] Generating code coverage report, this may take a moment.
build:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 9 seconds

Continuous Integration
Feel the pulse of your project!

Continuous Integration
Software development practice where members
of a team integrate their work frequently
 Usually each person integrates at least daily,
leading to multiple integrations per day
 Each integration is verified by an automated
build (including test) to detect integration
errors as quickly as possible
 Leads to significantly reduced integration
problems and allows a team to develop
cohesive software more rapidly

Continuous Integration
CruiseControl
Framework for a continuous build process
 Includes, but is not limited to, plugins for
email notification, Apache Ant, Phing, and
various source control tools
 A web interface is provided to view the
details of the current and previous builds

Continuous Integration
phpUnderControl
Customization of CruiseControl that caters to
the needs of PHP projects
 PHPUnit
 PHPDocumentor
 PHP_CodeSniffer
 (PHP_Depend)
 (phpmd)
 (phpcpd)

Show
Me
A
Demo!

The End
Thank you for your interest!
These slides will be posted on
http://slideshare.net/sebastian_bergmann
We are writing a book on
Quality Assurance in PHP Projects
http://phpqabook.com/

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