Babajob at the Global Philanthropy Forum

Slide 1: Changing behavior with social and financial incentives

Slide 2: 45 million bracelets

Slide 4: The social opportunities of this conference

Slide 5: Prof Anirudh Krishna Duke University • How do pe ople c om e to b e poor? • How do pe ople e s c a pe from pove rty? More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 6: The Good News… Es c ape d Po ve rty Rajas than 11% (35 villa g e s ) Gujarat 9% (36 villa g e s ) Andhra 14% (36 villa g e s ) W. Ke nya 18% (20 villa g e s ) Ug anda 24% (36 villa g e s ) Pe ru 17% (20 c om m unitie s ) No rth Caro lina 23% (13 c om m unitie s ) N > 35,000 ho us e ho lds (m os tly villa g e s ) More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 7: …The Whole Story Es c ape d Po ve rty Be c ame Po o r Chang e 3% Rajas than 11% 8% (35 villa g e s ) 3% Gujarat 9% 6% (36 villa g e s ) 2% Andhra 14% 12% (36 villa g e s ) -1% W. Ke nya 18% 19% (20 villa g e s ) 9% Ug anda 24% 15% (36 villa g e s ) 2% Pe ru 17% 15% (20 c om m unitie s ) 11% No rth Caro lina 23% 12% (13 c om m unitie s ) N > 35,000 ho us e ho lds (m os tly villa g e s ) More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 8: Findings! • HUGE flo ws in and o ut o f po ve rty – C o ns ta nt c re a tion -> pe rs is te nc e , s o m e e xits • 1/3 o f p e o p le no t bo rn po o r • B ut wh y d id c h a ng e s o c c u r? More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 9: Reasons for descent • BAD HEALTH AND HIGH HEALTH CARE EXPENSES 59% in R a ja s th a n; 73% in W. Ke nya ; 88% in G uja ra t; 77% in Ug a nda ; 75% in Andh ra ; 67% in P e ru; 41% in North C a rolina • Oth e r loc a tion-s pe c ific re a s on s : S oc ia l a nd c us toma ry e xpe ns e s ; h ig h -inte re s t de bt; c rop dis e a s e , la nd e xh a us tion, droug h t; job los s More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 10: Reasons for poverty escape • Dive rs ification o f Inc o me So urc e s : Ag ric ulture a nd Informa l S e c tor (70% R a ja s th a n, 73% W. Ke nya , 79% Ug a nda , 71% Andh ra , 69% P e ru, 70% G uja ra t) • OTHE R R E AS ONS (m uc h le s s fre q ue nt) J ob s – in G ove rnm e nt a nd P riva te S e c tor More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 11: They got other jobs • Ho w? The y kne w s o me o ne …. “Availability of an external contact, a friend or more often a relative already established in the city, was critical in (64% cases from R ajasthan) for a households’ successful break from poverty.” - 2003 Kris h na “E s c a ping P ove rty a nd B e c om ing P oor: Wh o G a ins , Wh o Los e s , a nd Wh y? ”

Slide 12: A quote… I am educated [to high school level] and eager to get a job in the city, but I have no way of knowing what jobs exist. I have no one in the city who can find out and tell me… I wish I had an uncle or a cousin in [the nearest city], who could help me, just as Gopi Singh’s brother-in-law helped him to find a job. - P ra ta p S ing h , villa g e Kh a tikh e ra , dis tric t B h ilwa ra , Ma y 16 , 2 0 02 .

Slide 13: Ma ny job s a re found th roug h word of m outh . 2. The Driver asks his friend if 1. Employer needs a cook and she knows any cooks. asks her driver 1. Driver tells Employer and 1. His friend knows a cook Employer hires cook. and tells the driver.

Slide 14: A Story of 2 Nannies Ma ry J e e na • E du: 5 th s ta nda rd • E du: 5 th s ta nda rd • S pe a ks only Ka nna da • S pe a ks Ka nna da , Hindi • Earns $20/mo nth • Earns $170/mo nth • Only knows pe ople in • Ha s s is te r wh o works for s lum a ric h fa m ily

Slide 15: Oth e r job s ite s h e lp h ig h e nd worke rs – e ve n c onne c t to s oc ia l ne tworks

Slide 17: 2011 2008 2001 90 minute c ommute dis tanc e

Slide 20: But wait: Poor people don’t use computers And many don’t have phones

Slide 21: How we digitize job seekers: 3 models 1. Do it Ours e lve s – S m a ll te a m s into th e s lum – not s c a la b le ? – R a dio/ a d with ph one -in num b e r TV 2. Cre ate bus ine s s mo de l fo r partne rs – iC a fe s , NG Os , Mic ro-F ina nc e c os . – C h a rg e s e e ke r R s 20 + E a rn R s 200 wh e n h ire d

Slide 22: Payment example 1: E m ploye rs J ob Me n tors S e e ke rs MF I NG O

Slide 23: How we digitize job seekers: 3 models 1. Do it Ours e lve s – S m a ll te a m s into th e s lum – not s c a la b le ? – R a dio/ a d with ph one -in num b e r TV 2. Cre ate bus ine s s mo de l fo r partne rs – iC a fe s , NG Os , Mic ro-F ina nc e c os . – C h a rg e s e e ke r R s 20 + E a rn R s 200 wh e n h ire d 3. Via S o c ial Ne two rks – Orkut, b a b a life , F B us e rs re g is te r job s e e ke rs – Me ntors + c onne c tors pa id

Slide 24: 1 manu home grab2

Slide 25: My homepage

Slide 26: grab3

Slide 27: Take-aways • Chang ing human be havio r thro ug h: – Financ ial inc e ntive s – m ob ile top-ups for 3b n pe ople – S o c ial inc e ntive s – h ow do th e ir frie nds s e e th e ir a c tion? • Cre ating marke t e ffic ie nc y fo r the po o r – Ag g re g a te da ta with we b s ite s – C o nne c t to poor w/ m ob ile s + on-th e -g round ne tworks (kiva .org )

Slide 28: Thanks •S e a n B la g s ve dt •S e a n@ba ba job.c om

Slide 29: Payment example 2: 5. 4. 3. Kum ne thdsh to h e on 2. We s a eis rc friesndsa ri e te r 1. S e a naesetaarts lsoutthiremla ntor 6. riddsa t e a nda is e Kums o s imople‘Ibhor are dpalvi’.rbeanb a job wh one a life twe thaeb c life a tend us e c lic ksonne b adddsS ys b omaere g isiretorSbee a pp on c e lvi Ras b599 c.c b ook Eeae m obsile orkut/a nd om . to asrnsrnsnoth e r S e a a job($16)lvi. b n fa e S e E aR R 200 100. #ss or pos t a job E m p lo ye r E m p loye e Conne c tor Me n to r

Slide 30: Stages of Progress (Rajasthan) 1 . F o od for th e fa m ily 2 . S e nd c h ild re n to s c h oo l Po o r 3 . S o m e c loth e s to we a r o u ts id e th e h ou s e 4 . S ta rt re p a ying d e b ts 5 . R e pa ir th e e xis ting s h e lte r 6 . Dig a we ll No t Po o r 7 . P u rc h a s e c o ws a nd b uffa loe s 8 . C o ns tru c t a p a kka (b ric k) s h e lte r 9 . P urc h a s e o rna m e n ts 1 0. R a d io , ta p e re c o rd e r, re frig e ra tor Ric h 1 1. Mo to rc yc le 1 2. Tra c tor, c a r More : www.pub pol.duke .e du/ h na kris

Slide 31: Babajob payment example # 2 E m ploye e E m p lo ye r Conne c tor Conne c tor Me n to r NG O

Slide 32: Babajob summary • B e ta -la u n c h e d S e p t 20 0 7 . B a n g a lo re -o n ly • 1 0 ,5 0 0 re g is te re d u s e rs • 4 5 00 a c tive jo b s e e ke rs • ~1 5 0 p la c e m e n ts + pa id e m p loye rs • Ind ia -wid e la u n c h + s o c ia l ne twork la u n c h – la te Ap ril