Presence

institute for educational cybernetics Presence Scott Wilson institute for educational cybernetics, university of bolton

institute for educational cybernetics scott is… Wondering if he’s going to explain this OK

institute for educational cybernetics What is presence? • Exposure of personal states to others • Awareness of the states of others • Ambient or peripheral communication* • Broadcast rather than point-to-point communication* Not (in today’s talk, at least]: • Sense of self-presence in a virtual environment (i.e. psychology of telepresence] * mostly

institute for educational cybernetics Presence: Evolution of a killer internet app 1996 1997 2003 2003 2007 Away Buddy Mood Status Microblog Message Icon Message (activity) Message

institute for educational cybernetics How is presence used? Managing attention and interruption don’t bother me I’m in a meeting Facilitating casual interactions U r bored? Yeah me 2! Provide a sense of activity in an interaction space At least I’m not the only one working tonight Facilitate group self-awareness There aren’t many women in this team are there? Self-expression Look, I’m an individual!

institute for educational cybernetics Presence Semantics Network Availability I’m online Communication Availability I want to talk Emotional context I’m bored Activity context I’m cooking dinner Location I’m at home Needs and desires I want an iPhone Identity projection I’m wearing a cool t-shirt

institute for educational cybernetics Presentities people organisations products events robots courses?

institute for educational cybernetics Producing presence information: Passive cues Network listeners System capability listeners Application task listeners Workflow listeners Physical sensors Psychophysiological interfaces Phillips Design Probes Project : The Vibe necklace picks up a variety of biometric signals that can be picked up by other wearers of the necklace. This is achieve by a combination of conductive ink and textile sensors.

institute for educational cybernetics Producing presence information: Explicit cues Free expression: mood messages, status microblogging selections

institute for educational cybernetics Presence Awareness Ambient Interruption! Situated awareness Awareness

institute for educational cybernetics Platforms for consuming presence information

institute for educational cybernetics Ambient technology

institute for educational cybernetics Communication technologies

institute for educational cybernetics Social networks

institute for educational cybernetics Microblogs

institute for educational cybernetics Consuming presence: patterns Feeds Status icons Abstract Composite Subtitles Graphical avatars

institute for educational cybernetics If you use any online social network tool, the single most important first impression you make is with the 3600 to 5000 pixels you get for your tiny picture. http://sethgodin.typepad.com/seths_blog/2009/04/the-power-of-a-tiny-picture-how-to-improve-your-social-network-brand.html

institute for educational cybernetics Making Models

institute for educational cybernetics Community of Inquiry Model Can we actually relate this model to presence information systems?

institute for educational cybernetics Rosemary Lehman: Types of Presence in Online Education Subjective This type is personal and psychological; it affords a sense of being there and takes place within a person's mind and body. It is cognitive, behavioral, and emotional). Objective A sense of being there physically, feeling that one is located in a mediated space. Environmental A sense that the environment knows that you are an integral part of it and that it reacts to you. Sheridan (1992) proposes that the ability to feel that you have an effect on a virtual environment is a key component of presence. The greater the response to your modification of the distant environment the greater the feeling of reality. Social A sense of being with others who exist in the world and react to you.. Social presence may be derived from conversing and interacting with others. When others recognize and react to you it validates your existence (Wijanand, date). The importance of ongoing relationships is significant and enables and facilitates bonds of understanding

institute for educational cybernetics Scott’s model Appears in: Handbook of Research on Social Software and Developing Community Ontologies ISBN: 978-1-60566-208-4; 632 pp; February 2009

institute for educational cybernetics Mapping cues to semantics

institute for educational cybernetics Ontology of presence

institute for educational cybernetics Patterns in existing systems

institute for educational cybernetics System Subsystem Purposes Means of Presence Information Means of production consumption Skype Mood Message Facilitate Casual Interactions Explicit cues Emotional context Subtitle Supporting Self Expression Status Message Manage attention and interruption Network listener Network availability Status icon Explicit cues Communication availability Video availability Facilitate Casual Interactions System Capability Communication availability Status icon Listener IChat Status Message Manage attention and interruption Network listener Network availability Status icon Facilitate casual interactions Explicit cues Communication availability Graphical avatar Emotional context Subtitle Video availability Facilitate Casual Interactions System Capability Communication availability Status icon Listener Audio availability Facilitate Casual Interactions System Capability Communication availability Status icon Listener Facebook Status Message Facilitate casual interactions Explicit cues Activity context Subtitle Supporting self-expression Emotional context Feed Supporting group self-awareness Twitter Supporting Self-expression Explicit cues Activity context Feed Emotional context Nimio Sense of activity in interaction space Physical Sensors – Activity Context Composite sound, movement Networked Supporting self-expression Explicit cues Emotional context Status Icon Emoticon Device Jaiku Supporting Self-expression Explicit cues Activity context Feed Facilitate casual interactions Physical sensor Emotional context (mobile GPS) Location Moodle Online Users Facilitate casual interactions Network Listener Network Availability Graphical Avatar Nabaztag Facilitate casual interactions Explicit cues Activity context Abstract (waggling the ears) Emotional context Communication availability Dabbish & Manage attention and interruption Application Activity context (workload) Abstract Kraut’s Listener experiment

institute for educational cybernetics Try it yourself now… • Identify a piece of technology you are working with or developing • What role, if any, does presence play? • What is its purpose? • What/who are the presentities? • What kind of presence information does it use? • How is it produced? • How is it consumed? • What is the balance of presence types? • How might it work differently using a different pattern of presence?

institute for educational cybernetics Thanks for listening - over to you http://www.cetis.ac.uk/members/scott

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Presence

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