Procuring e-content SLIC Introduction to procurement event, NLS Edinburgh, 9 th November 2009 Jeremy Upton, Acting Director of Library Services, University of St Andrews

Jeremy Upton, Acting Director of Library Services,

University of St Andrews

Procuring e-content It has taken us over 500 years to perfect print as a medium to communicate information. We have only been working with digital content for around 20 years

It has taken us over 500 years to perfect print as a medium to communicate information.

We have only been working with digital content for around 20 years

Procuring e-content Overview History of move to e-content Impact on the traditional supply chain Development of the e-bundle The Scottish Enlightenment: SHEDL

Overview

History of move to e-content

Impact on the traditional supply chain

Development of the e-bundle

The Scottish Enlightenment: SHEDL

Procuring e-content Overview World of e-books Skills needed for effective procurement Future observations In St Andrews currently use variety of methods to procure electronic content Procuring information very different from other commodities

Overview

World of e-books

Skills needed for effective procurement

Future observations

In St Andrews currently use variety of methods to procure electronic content

Procuring information very different from other commodities

Procuring e-content Move to e-content Early 90’s, most content still being purchased as print Print plus e subscriptions, some aggregated databases of full-text Rapid move within sciences, social sciences to provide electronic versions Current situation, over 80% budget spent on procuring e-content, expectation e-access will be the norm

Early 90’s, most content still being purchased as print

Print plus e subscriptions, some aggregated databases of full-text

Rapid move within sciences, social sciences to provide electronic versions

Current situation, over 80% budget spent on procuring e-content, expectation e-access will be the norm

Procuring e-content Move to e-content Increasing availability of back content Still issues related to application of VAT to e-subscriptions Increasing awareness of costs of storing print Major change, accessing content being managed by others on our behalf

Increasing availability of back content

Still issues related to application of VAT to e-subscriptions

Increasing awareness of costs of storing print

Major change, accessing content being managed by others on our behalf

Procuring e-content Impact on the traditional supply chain Larger organisations long standing use of agent, smaller places, subscriptions direct Increase use of agents to gain economies of scale, growth of consortia Need for supplier to develop completely new set of skills, not clear who does them best Lack of clarity over roles: some traditional roles cannot continue e.g. managing access

Larger organisations long standing use of agent, smaller places, subscriptions direct

Increase use of agents to gain economies of scale, growth of consortia

Need for supplier to develop completely new set of skills, not clear who does them best

Lack of clarity over roles: some traditional roles cannot continue e.g. managing access

Procuring e-content Production in print world Traditional delivery model clear who took responsibility for each stage of process: Publication announced including number of issues PUBLISHER Library places order for subscription AGENT Library pays agent AGENT Agent pays publisher AGENT Publisher delivers issue to Library PUBLISHER Library catalogues material LIBRARY Journal indexed in standard indexing publications ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES Library binds issues into volumes and stores back runs on shelves LIBRARY

Production in print world

Traditional delivery model clear who took responsibility for each stage of process:

Publication announced including number of issues

PUBLISHER

Library places order for subscription

AGENT

Library pays agent

AGENT

Agent pays publisher

AGENT

Publisher delivers issue to Library

PUBLISHER

Library catalogues material

LIBRARY

Journal indexed in standard indexing publications

ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES

Library binds issues into volumes and stores back runs on shelves

LIBRARY

Procuring e-content Production for electronic content New model, much less clear who takes responsibility for each stage Publication announced including number of issues PUBLISHER (although Libraries much less sure if content has now been delivered) Library places order for subscription AGENT/AGGREGATOR/PUBLISHER Library pays AGENT/AGGREGATOR/PUBLISHER Agent pays publisher AGENT/MAY NO LONGER HAPPEN, LIBRARY GOES DIRECT TO PUBLISHER Publisher delivers issue to Library PUBLISHER BUT COULD BE TO OWN WEB SITE, AGGREGATOR SITE, AGENT SITE etc Library catalogues material LIBRARY/MAY CHOOSE TO OUTSOURCE WORK Journal indexed in standard indexing publications ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES/GOOGLE/HARVESTER Library binds issues into volumes and stores back runs on shelves LIBRARY/PUBLISHER/NATIONAL LIBRARY

Production for electronic content

New model, much less clear who takes responsibility for each stage

Publication announced including number of issues

PUBLISHER (although Libraries much less sure if content has now been delivered)

Library places order for subscription

AGENT/AGGREGATOR/PUBLISHER

Library pays

AGENT/AGGREGATOR/PUBLISHER

Agent pays publisher

AGENT/MAY NO LONGER HAPPEN, LIBRARY GOES DIRECT TO PUBLISHER

Publisher delivers issue to Library

PUBLISHER BUT COULD BE TO OWN WEB SITE, AGGREGATOR SITE, AGENT SITE etc

Library catalogues material

LIBRARY/MAY CHOOSE TO OUTSOURCE WORK

Journal indexed in standard indexing publications

ABSTRACTING AND INDEXING SERVICES/GOOGLE/HARVESTER

Library binds issues into volumes and stores back runs on shelves

LIBRARY/PUBLISHER/NATIONAL LIBRARY

Procuring e-content Impact on the traditional supply chain New players in the market to deliver services associated with e-supply Agents having to develop new services Huge growth in expectation related to levels of service: agents having to consider if they can still act effectively for customers All above made more complex by the introduction of the e-bundle

New players in the market to deliver services associated with e-supply

Agents having to develop new services

Huge growth in expectation related to levels of service: agents having to consider if they can still act effectively for customers

All above made more complex by the introduction of the e-bundle

Procuring e-content Development of the e-bundle Opportunity for Libraries to purchase all content from publisher at a rate considerably lower than the combined individual subscription cost Publisher able to increase revenue in static market Often tie in to a number of years Expose more of content to community, increase awareness of brand Exploit lower cost of e-only delivery

Opportunity for Libraries to purchase all content from publisher at a rate considerably lower than the combined individual subscription cost

Publisher able to increase revenue in static market

Often tie in to a number of years

Expose more of content to community, increase awareness of brand

Exploit lower cost of e-only delivery

Procuring e-content Development of the e-bundle Impact Encourages direct dealing between Library and publisher Complex to negotiate and establish fair price especially when based on previous subscriptions Once established, hard to break away Majority in the UK negotiated by JISC on behalf of Libraries Can introduce inefficiencies, delays to concluding deals, uncertainty

Impact

Encourages direct dealing between Library and publisher

Complex to negotiate and establish fair price especially when based on previous subscriptions

Once established, hard to break away

Majority in the UK negotiated by JISC on behalf of Libraries

Can introduce inefficiencies, delays to concluding deals, uncertainty

Procuring e-content SHEDL National deals in UK negotiated by JISC: opt in rather than all in Scottish Libraries strong history of collaboration on joint procurement Good European models: IReL Research pooling National Government shared services agenda

National deals in UK negotiated by JISC: opt in rather than all in

Scottish Libraries strong history of collaboration on joint procurement

Good European models: IReL

Research pooling

National Government shared services agenda

Procuring e-content SHEDL Aim to extend uniform coverage of content for all member Libraries at same cost How Reduce administrative cost through single payment and same terms for all: simplification Multi-year deals at time of financial uncertainty Encourage migration to online only Removal of agent fee Wider exposure of content

Aim to extend uniform coverage of content for all member Libraries at same cost

How

Reduce administrative cost through single payment and same terms for all: simplification

Multi-year deals at time of financial uncertainty

Encourage migration to online only

Removal of agent fee

Wider exposure of content

Procuring e-content SHEDL Commission report by John Cox Commitment from all Scottish HEI’s Negotiations carried out by JISC on behalf of SHEDL 3 deals in place for 2009 making available significant extra content in all member institutions Equal access across research pools Further deals to follow for 2010

Commission report by John Cox

Commitment from all Scottish HEI’s

Negotiations carried out by JISC on behalf of SHEDL

3 deals in place for 2009 making available significant extra content in all member institutions

Equal access across research pools

Further deals to follow for 2010

Procuring e-content world of e-books Purchasing significant numbers of e-books, moved from add-on to core service Much younger market, still many uncertainties Little uniformity between suppliers on functionality or content Variety of purchasing models No access yet to core e-text book material: JISC e-textbook trial Primary benefit better access, much work to be done on format

Purchasing significant numbers of e-books, moved from add-on to core service

Much younger market, still many uncertainties

Little uniformity between suppliers on functionality or content

Variety of purchasing models

No access yet to core e-text book material: JISC e-textbook trial

Primary benefit better access, much work to be done on format

Procuring e-content world of e-books Scottish tender under auspices of APUC, in place for 1 st November 3 recommended suppliers Real benefit helping us define exactly what we want suppliers to deliver

Scottish tender under auspices of APUC, in place for 1 st November

3 recommended suppliers

Real benefit helping us define exactly what we want suppliers to deliver

Procuring e-content Skills Publishing format may look the same but must develop new skills Negotiation Legal knowledge Technical knowledge including authentication Manipulation and analysis of data: usage statistics Support for associated technologies: searching, Web 2.0

Publishing format may look the same but must develop new skills

Negotiation

Legal knowledge

Technical knowledge including authentication

Manipulation and analysis of data: usage statistics

Support for associated technologies: searching, Web 2.0

Procuring e-content Skills Re-evaluation existing services Re-training of existing procurement staff Re-assess the collection of associated metadata Re-consider customer service: expectation higher but in many cases Libraries have less control Long way to go, 75% of staff still working on print

Re-evaluation existing services

Re-training of existing procurement staff

Re-assess the collection of associated metadata

Re-consider customer service: expectation higher but in many cases Libraries have less control

Long way to go, 75% of staff still working on print

Procuring e-content Future observations Purchase of e-content will remain complex and difficult for the foreseeable future Encourage Libraries to consider new payment models: pay per view Use of data to make academic world more aware of true cost of publishing and show value for money More pressure for open access: already administering some publication funds Increasing dissatisfaction expressed by researchers that the benefits offered by technology are not allowing them to work more effectively.

Purchase of e-content will remain complex and difficult for the foreseeable future

Encourage Libraries to consider new payment models: pay per view

Use of data to make academic world more aware of true cost of publishing and show value for money

More pressure for open access: already administering some publication funds

Increasing dissatisfaction expressed by researchers that the benefits offered by technology are not allowing them to work more effectively.

Procuring e-content Jeremy Upton Acting Director Library Services University of St Andrews [email_address]

Jeremy Upton

Acting Director Library Services University of St Andrews

[email_address]