D-Lab China 2010 Intro to Village Life & Projects Scot Frank

Awuju Village One of the three poorest villages in the Jinyuan Township M ain Problems: fuel shortages, dermatological scarring & diarrhea, lack of accessible medical care, animal roaming disputes between neighbors.

One of the three poorest villages in the Jinyuan Township

M ain Problems: fuel shortages, dermatological scarring & diarrhea, lack of accessible medical care, animal roaming disputes between neighbors.

Xiakeba Village Main Problems: fuel shortages, injuries during wood collection, lack of toilets with proper evacuation doors, lack of running water in half the village, childhood diarrhea and stomachaches, arthritis.

Main Problems: fuel shortages, injuries during wood collection, lack of toilets with proper evacuation doors, lack of running water in half the village, childhood diarrhea and stomachaches, arthritis.

Common Themes Fuel collection, fertilizer, lung pain, and climate change  Root Cause: fuel Diarrhea, stomach pain, water collection, non-functional latrines, and community disputes over animals  Root Cause: sanitation infrastructure

Fuel collection, fertilizer, lung pain, and climate change

 Root Cause: fuel

Diarrhea, stomach pain, water collection, non-functional latrines, and community disputes over animals

 Root Cause: sanitation infrastructure

Fuel Choices 12 May 2009 One Earth Designs Biogas Solar Coal Crop Residues Wood Deprives animals of food Fertilizer Also highly polluting Scarce Deforestation Highly polluting 900 W/m 2 : W. China (670; 1100) 105 W/m 2 : Scotland (10; 200) Longer, cleaner burning Expensive Inaccessible Metals pollution Temperature!!! Wood & Dung Time Education Income Migrant Labor Most accessible fuel Most polluting fuel Pathogen transmission Fertilizer/Income Dung Fuel Options

Deprives animals of food

Fertilizer

Also highly polluting

Scarce

Deforestation

Highly polluting

900 W/m 2 : W. China (670; 1100)

105 W/m 2 : Scotland (10; 200)

Longer, cleaner burning

Expensive

Inaccessible

Metals pollution

Temperature!!!

Time

Education

Income

Migrant Labor

Most accessible fuel

Most polluting fuel

Pathogen transmission

Fertilizer/Income

Fuel

Global Biomass Fuel Use 2.5 Billion People Most polluting fuels known  pollutants/energy extracted

Known Health Impacts LRI – 1.6 million Diarrhea – 2.2 million Climate Change

LRI

– 1.6 million

Diarrhea

– 2.2 million

Climate Change

Stove Options Open Fire Traditional Mud Improved Mud Improved Metal

Solar Cookers Portability Use Heating

Heating Modules Household Heating Mobile Personal Heating

What We’ve Done So Far Emissions Testing Water testing Fuel Use Surveys Education study

Emissions Testing

Water testing

Fuel Use Surveys

Education study

Goals for January Implement new fuel use survey Ethnographic studies of textiles, activities Test and modify solar cooker designs Document household ventilation systems In-situ emissions testing Heating system design (passive or textile)

Implement new fuel use survey

Ethnographic studies of textiles, activities

Test and modify solar cooker designs

Document household ventilation systems

In-situ emissions testing

Heating system design (passive or textile)

Sanitation

Scope Water scarcity and contamination Animal husbandry practices Latrine scarcity and design Bare-handed dung collection

Water scarcity and contamination

Animal husbandry practices

Latrine scarcity and design

Bare-handed dung collection

What We’ve Done So Far Epidemiological surveys Analysis of water sources ICPMS and nested PCR (cryptosporidium) on water samples

Epidemiological surveys

Analysis of water sources

ICPMS and nested PCR (cryptosporidium) on water samples

Goals for January Examine women’s hands as an exposure pathway Improve and implement new water sampling protocols / education materials Assess local materials for construction of low-tech water filters Additional bacterial analysis Document piping materials used in running water projects Document fertilizers, pesticides, and rat poisons used in villages Collect soil samples near springs and sediment samples from water sources for geological analysis to determine natural metal content Qualitative analysis of percent contribution of various species to fecal content of water sources Examination of latrine designs and proposal of new methods

Examine women’s hands as an exposure pathway

Improve and implement new water sampling protocols / education materials

Assess local materials for construction of low-tech water filters

Additional bacterial analysis

Document piping materials used in running water projects

Document fertilizers, pesticides, and rat poisons used in villages

Collect soil samples near springs and sediment samples from water sources for geological analysis to determine natural metal content

Qualitative analysis of percent contribution of various species to fecal content of water sources

Examination of latrine designs and proposal of new methods

Organization support Computer training (Excel, Word) Web design Data collection with sensors / phone Air Water Children’s books Manufacture / supply chain / marketing Workshops Additional Projects

Organization support

Computer training (Excel, Word)

Web design

Data collection with sensors / phone

Air

Water

Children’s books

Manufacture / supply chain / marketing

Workshops