Domain-specific languages
with
Dr. Jan Köhnlein
itemis AG

Who‘s that guy?

Jan Köhnlein

• Software Architect, Consultant,
Coach at itemis
Jan Köhnlein

• Software Architect, Consultant,
Coach at itemis
• Several years of experience
in the modeling world
Jan Köhnlein

• Software Architect, Consultant,
Coach at itemis
• Several years of experience
in the modeling world
• Committer to several open-
source projects
Jan Köhnlein

itemis short facts
 Spezialist für modellbasierte Entwicklungsverfahren
 Gründung im Jahr 2003
 Niederlassungen in Deutschland, Frankreich,
Schweiz und Kanada
 140 Mitarbeiter
 Strategisches Mitglied der Eclipse Foundation
 Intensive Verzahnung im Bereich der Forschung
 Mitglied von ARTEMISIA
 Embedded Software Development
 Enterprise Application Development
1

What is a
Domain Specific
Language (DSL)?

A domain-specific language (DSL)
is a formal, processable language
targeting at a specific viewpoint or aspect
of a system.

A domain-specific language (DSL)
is a formal, processable language
targeting at a specific viewpoint or aspect
of a system.
Its semantics, flexibility and notation is designed
in order to support working with that viewpoint
as good as possible.

Boring! Don‘t
you have any
examples?

Rd2-c2

Rd2-c2

“ Queen to c7.
Check.”
“ Rd2-c2 ,
rook at d2 moves to c2.”

Using JPA

@Entity
public class Customer implements Serializable {
private Long id;
private String name;
private Address address;
private Collection<Order> orders = new HashSet<Order>();
private Set<PhoneNumber> phones = new HashSet<PhoneNumber>();
public Customer() {}
@Id
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
@OneToMany
public Collection<Order> getOrders() {
return orders;
}
public void setOrders(Collection<Order> orders) {
this.orders = orders;
}
@ManyToMany
public Set<PhoneNumber> getPhones() {
return phones;
}
public void setPhones(Set<PhoneNumber> phones) {
this.phones = phones;
}
}

@Entity
public class Customer implements Serializable {
private Long id;
private String name;
private Address address;
private Collection<Order> orders = new HashSet<Order>();
private Set<PhoneNumber> phones = new HashSet<PhoneNumber>();
public Customer() {}
@Id
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
} entity Customer {
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
String name
} Address address
public Address getAddress() {
return address; Order* orders
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
PhoneNumber** phones
this.address = address; }
}
@OneToMany
public Collection<Order> getOrders() {
return orders;
}
public void setOrders(Collection<Order> orders) {
this.orders = orders;
}
@ManyToMany
public Set<PhoneNumber> getPhones() {
return phones;
}
public void setPhones(Set<PhoneNumber> phones) {
this.phones = phones;
}
}

Testing
Testing a Parser

Expr
2+3*7/8
Op +
Parser Number 2 Op /
Op * Number 8
Number 3 Number 7

public class ParserTests extends TestCase {
public void testExampleExpression2() throws IOException {
EObject ast = parse("2+3*7/8");
assertTrue(ast instanceof Expr);
EObject ast_0 = child(ast, 0);
assertTrue(ast_0 instanceof Op);
assertEquals("+", ((Op) ast_0).getOperator());
EObject ast_0_0 = child(ast_0, 0);
assertTrue(ast_0_0 instanceof Number);
assertEquals(2, ((Number) ast_0_0).getValue());
EObject ast_0_1 = child(ast_0, 1);
assertTrue(ast_0_1 instanceof Op);
assertEquals("/", ((Op) ast_0_1).getOperator());
EObject ast_0_1_0 = child(ast_0_1, 0);
assertTrue(ast_0_1_0 instanceof Op);
assertEquals("*", ((Op) ast_0_1_0).getOperator());
EObject ast_0_1_1 = child(ast_0_1, 1);
assertTrue(ast_0_1_1 instanceof Number);
assertEquals(8, ((Number) ast_0_1_1).getValue());
EObject ast_0_1_0_0 = child(ast_0_1_0, 0);
assertTrue(ast_0_1_0_0 instanceof Number);
assertEquals(3, ((Number) ast_0_1_0_0).getValue());
EObject ast_0_1_0_1 = child(ast_0_1_0, 1);
assertTrue(ast_0_1_0_1 instanceof Number);
assertEquals(7, ((Number) ast_0_1_0_1).getValue());
}

public class ParserTests extends ParserTestCase {
public void testExampleExpression() throws IOException {
EObject ast = parse("2+3*7/8");
assertTrue(ast instanceof Expr);
EObject ast_0 = child(ast, 0);
assertOperator(ast_0, "+");
EObject ast_0_0 = child(ast_0, 0);
assertNumber(ast_0_0, 2);
EObject ast_0_1 = child(ast_0, 1);
assertOperator(ast_0_1, "/");
EObject ast_0_1_0 = child(ast_0_1, 0);
assertOperator(ast_0_1_0, "*");
EObject ast_0_1_1 = child(ast_0_1, 1);
assertNumber(ast_0_1_1,8);
EObject ast_0_1_0_0 = child(ast_0_1_0, 0);
assertNumber(ast_0_1_0_0, 3);
EObject ast_0_1_0_1 = child(ast_0_1_0, 1);
assertNumber(ast_0_1_0_1, 7);
}
}

public class ParserTests extends ParserTestCase {
public void testExampleExpression() throws IOException {
EObject ast = parse("2+3*7/8");
assertTrue(ast instanceof Expr);
EObject ast_0 = child(ast, 0); test testExampleExpression
assertOperator(ast_0, "+"); "2+3*7/8"
EObject ast_0_0 = child(ast_0, 0); Expr {
assertNumber(ast_0_0, 2); Op operator="+" {
EObject ast_0_1 = child(ast_0, 1); Number value="2"
assertOperator(ast_0_1, "/"); Op operator="/" {
Op operator="*" {
EObject ast_0_1_0 = child(ast_0_1, 0); Number value="3"
assertOperator(ast_0_1_0, "*"); Number value="7"
EObject ast_0_1_1 = child(ast_0_1, 1); }
assertNumber(ast_0_1_1,8); Number value="8"
}
EObject ast_0_1_0_0 = child(ast_0_1_0, 0); }
assertNumber(ast_0_1_0_0, 3); }
EObject ast_0_1_0_1 = child(ast_0_1_0, 1);
assertNumber(ast_0_1_0_1, 7);
}
}

What can I
achieve with
DSLs?

Abstraction

GPL vs DSL

GPL vs DSL

GPL vs DSL

Why isn‘t
everybody using
DSLs?

Complicated Expensive

licensed by http://www.wordle.net/

G
ra
m
m
ar

Reference
ar
Model
m
m
ra
G

Reference
ar
Model
m
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G

Reference
ar
Model
m
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G
Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor
Model
Model
Model

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor
Model
Model
Model

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor
AST
Model
Model
Model

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor
AST
Model
Model
Model

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor
Interpreter AST
Model
Model
Code Model
Generator

Runtime
Superclass
Subclass Class
ecore meta model LL(*) Parser editor
Interpreter AST
Model
Model
Code Model
Generator

Showtime

Example Model
type String
entity Conference {
property Name: String
n[]
property Attendees: Perso
er[]
property Speakers: Speak
}
entity Person {
property Name: String
}
rson {
entity Speaker extends Pe
n[]
property Sessions: Sessio
}
entity Session {
property Title: String
}

Example Model
entity
type String
Model
entity Conference {
property Name: String types
n[]
property Attendees: Perso *
er[]
property Speakers: Speak Type
} name: EString
entity Person {
property Name: String
} SimpleType Entity
extends
rson {
entity Speaker extends Pe
n[]
property Sessions: Sessio
properties
*
} Property
name: EString
entity Session { type many: EBoolean
property Title: String
}

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

Grammar grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
definition with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity Grammar
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals reuse
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
Derived generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
metamodel
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
Parser SimpleType:
rules 'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
Keywords '}'; Keywords
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type: Alternative
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
Cardinality 'type' name=ID;
(zero or more)
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property* Cardinality (optional)
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
Unassigned SimpleType | Entity;
rulecall
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Assigned rulecall
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
Multivalue
assignment SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID Simple assigment
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?; Boolean assigment

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Cross reference
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity"
Model:
(elements+=Type)*;
Type:
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
Entity:
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties+=Property*
'}';
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

grammar org.xtext.webinar.Entity
with org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals
entity
generate entity
"http://www.xtext.org/webinar/Entity" Model
Model:
types
(elements+=Type)*;
*
Type: Type
name: EString
SimpleType | Entity;
SimpleType:
'type' name=ID;
SimpleType Entity
Entity: extends
'entity' name=ID
('extends' extends=[Entity])? '{'
properties
properties+=Property* *
'}'; Property
name: EString
type many: EBoolean
Property:
'property' name=ID ':'
type=[Type] (many?='[]')?;

Isn‘t text a
little bit old-
fashioned?

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
}
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
}
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
• Suggests non-formalism
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
• Suggests non-formalism
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
• Suggests non-formalism
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
• Individual tools
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
• Suggests non-formalism
++counter;
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
• Individual tools
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
• Well established tools
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
•
++counter;
Suggests non-formalism
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
• Individual tools
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
• Hard to evolve
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
• Well established tools
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
i.remove();
}
}
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
•
++counter;
Suggests non-formalism
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
• Individual tools
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
• Hard to evolve
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
• Well established tools
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
}
} • Easy to evolve
i.remove();
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
•
++counter;
Suggests non-formalism
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
• Individual tools
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
• Hard to evolve
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
• Editing with mouse
}
return false;
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
• Well established tools
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
}
} • Easy to evolve
i.remove();
return relevantChildren;
}
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

}
protected String getErrorMessage() {
return errorMessage.toString();
}
Graphics
public boolean isSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
counter = 0;
return internalIsSameStructure(left, right);
}
• High-level views
public boolean internalIsSameStructure(EObject left, EObject right) {
•
++counter;
Suggests non-formalism
if (!isSameClass(left.eClass(), right.eClass())) {
errorMessage.append("Classes are not equal: " + left + " != " + ri
• Individual tools
return false;
}
List<EObject> leftChildren = getRelevantChildren(left);
• Hard to evolve
List<EObject> rightChildren = getRelevantChildren(right);
if(leftChildren.size() != rightChildren.size()) {
errorMessage.append("Number of children differs " + left + " " + r
• Editing with mouse
}
return false;
for (int i = 0; i < leftChildren.size(); ++i) {
if(!internalIsSameStructure(leftChildren.get(i), rightChildren.get
errorMessage.append("Children differ " + left + " " + right +
return false;
}
}
Text
return true;
}
protected boolean isSameClass(EClass left, EClass right) {
return left.getName().equals(right.getName())
}
• Detailed views
&& left.getEPackage().getNsURI().equals(right.getEPackage().g
• Formal
protected List<EObject> getRelevantChildren(EObject _this) {
List<EObject> relevantChildren = new ArrayList<EObject>(_this.eContents(
• Well established tools
for (Iterator<EObject> i = relevantChildren.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
EObject next = i.next();
if (!isRelevantChild(_this, next)) {
} • Easy to evolve
i.remove();
•
}
} Editing with keyboard
return relevantChildren;
protected boolean isRelevantChild(EObject container, EObject child) {
return true;

How about
customization?

Convention
over
Configuration

http://www.wordle.net/

Configured with
Google Guice
class MyDslRuntimeModule extends DefaultRuntimeModule {
Class<? extends ServiceInterface> bindService() {
return MyServiceImplementation.class;
}
}

Bird’s Eye View

Extensible Language
Generator
• Generates a lot of Java code
• Composed of fragments
• Customizable
• Add your own
fragments!

Does Xtext
integrate with
other
technologies?

Integration with EMF

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>>
XMIResource
Resource

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>>
XMIResource
Resource

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>> XMI
XMIResource
Resource

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>> XMI
XMIResource
Resource

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>> XMI
XMIResource
Resource
XtextResource

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>> XMI
XMIResource
Resource
XtextResource

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>> XMI
XMIResource
Resource
XtextResource Text

Integration with EMF
eclipse
Any EMF-based modeling
Code Generator GMF Editor P R O J E C T
Component
<<abstract>> XMI
XMIResource
Resource
XtextResource Text
Parser Linker Serializer
ValueConverter ScopeProvider Formatter

converging editors (Xtext and GMF)
koehnlein.blogspot.com

converging editors (Xtext and GMF)
koehnlein.blogspot.com

Questions?
find out more at
http://www.xtext.org

Aktuelle Veranstaltungen
LOP und DSLs - Köln, 15:00
25. August 2009: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Falko Riemenschneider,
NRWConf. 2009
27-28. August 2009: Wolkenburg 100, 42119 Wuppertal
Domänenspezifische Sprachen - Lars Corneliussen
12.15 Uhr - 12.45 Uhr
Die 10 Gebote der Architektur - Georg Pietrek
15.20 Uhr - 16.20 Uhr
Scrum: Vom Businessneed zum hochwertigen Produktbacklog, Bonn, 18:30
31.August 2009 - Konferenzhotel Bonn - Sebastian Neus / Dr. Martin Wrangel
Tagung: Mensch und Computer 2009, Berlin, 09:00
07. September 2009 - Leichtgewichtigkeit als Prinzip –
Gestaltung der Webanwendung myPIM durch UCD, FDD und Xtext – Torsten Krohn
Praktische Anwendung von EMF Compare, Dortmund 18:30
14. September 2009 - Harenberg City Center - Dr. Lothar Wendehals
Alle aktuellen Veranstaltungen und weiterführende Informationen auf: http://www.itemis.de/veranstaltungen