Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

1. GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT
(GPU)
GUIDED BY :
Mr. ASHWANI KR. PANDEY
B.TECH, M.TECH
Associate Professor
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
PRESENTED BY :
SAURABH KUMAR

2. What is GPU??
• A GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT or GPU is a
specialized microprocessor accelerates 3D or 2D
graphics.
• Used in embedded systems, mobile phones,
personal computers, workstations and game
consoles.

3. Accelerate 3D Graphics
Draws polygons
(shapes) Decode Media Formats
Smooth media experience
Applies Textures
Speed Up Rendering
They are massively parallel
compared to CPU’s, speeding
up a number of tasks
Maps high resolution
Images to 3D polygons
GPU’s: What are they DO?

4. • GPU was and popularized In 1999 by
• NVidia marketed the GeForce 256 as the world's
first Graphics Processing Unit.
• A single-chip processor with integrated transform,
lighting, and delivering engines that is capable of
processing a minimum of 10 million polygons per
second.
• OpenGL and DirectX become popular in 90s…
When was GPU discovered?

5. THE BASIC IDEA – ACCELERATED COMPUTING

6. A modern video
card consists of
a Printed circuit
board on which
the components
are mounted.
Graphics
Processing
Unit
Heat Sink
Video BIOS
Video
memory
RAMDAC
BLOCK DIAGRAME OF GPU

7. Structural Diagram

8. Components of Graphics
1. Graphic Processing Unit (GPU)
3. Video Memory
2. Video Bios
4. RAMDAC
5. Motherboard Interface
6. Cooling Devices
7. Outputs

9. Graphics Processing Unit
A GPU is dedicated graphics processor optimized
for floating point calculations which are
fundamentals to 3D graphics rendering.

10. • An IGP uses RAM of main memory, while Graphics
card has its own memory called as Graphics memory or
video memory.
• The memory capacity of most modern video card ranges
from 1 GB to 10 GB. Since video memory needs to be
accessed by GPU
• Now there are improved graphics card with better
memory and better clock rate (speed) are available
whose speed ranges from 400MHz to 5 GHz.

11. TYPES BANDWIDTH
(GB/S)
DDR 1.2-30.4
DDR2 8.5-16
GDDR3 5.6-156.6
DDR3 128-200
DRR5 130-230

12. Video Bios :
• The VIDEO BIOS or
FIRMWARE contains basic
programs that governs graphics
card operations and provides
the instructions so that
computer hardware and
software can interact with card.
• It contains information on
memory timing, voltage of
graphics processor and RAM,
operating speed and other
information.

13. Motherboard Interface :
• It is the connection system which
connects graphics card with
motherboard system.
• Although there AGP and PCI-
Express slot are most widely used
connection system.
Cooling Devices:
Graphics card uses lot of electricity
which is converted into heat. If heat
isn’t dissipated then card could get
overheated and get damaged. Cooling
devices are incorporated to transfer
heat elsewhere.

14. RAMDAC :
RAMDAC is Random access Memory
Digital To Analog Convertor which converts
digital signal to analog signal for use by
computer display which uses analog input such
as CRT display.

15. Outputs:
These are the connection system which connects graphics card with
display.
• VGA : CRT displays. Also
called as VGA connector.
• S-Video : Used in older TVs
• DVI: Designed for flat panel
screens such as plasma,
LCD display, HDTV, video
projectors etc.

16. Integrated Graphics Card
1. An integrated graphics processing unit (GPU) doesn't
use its own RAM.
Benefits:
• It is cheaper, which in turn means a less expensive
computer.
• Generates much less heat than a dedicated video card and
uses less power.
• Perfect for people doing everyday graphics processing.

17. Dedicated Graphics Card
1. GPU has its own independent source of video memory.
2. Dedicated cards are perfect if you are into serious gaming
or are a professional graphic designer.
Drawbacks:
1. If you don't have the appropriate design or a good fan, these
video cards will get warm.
2. Using a laptop with dedicated graphics card will decrease the
battery life.
3. You should also expect to pay more for this kind of card.

18. GPU Vendors
• AMD
– Radeon
• nVIDIA
– GeForce
• Intel
(CPU Graphics)

19. Latest Products
GTX Titan X
• 1.4 GHz GPU Clock Speed
• 250 W Power Supply
Required
• NVIDIA 3D Vision Support
• 5120 x 3200 Maximum
Digital Resolution
• 12 GB GDDR5 Memory

20. • A graphics card is required for better gaming experience and
better display.
• Graphics card is a hardware that enhances the visual as well as
overall performance of your computer system.
• It increases the accuracy of the colour reproduction on screen.
• To creating Animations and 3D images.
• It enhances your movie viewing experience.

21. • Dedicated Graphics Cards Are Moving to Higher End
Systems
•Integrated Graphics Chipsets
are Improving
•Tablets Cannibalize PCs
IN FUTURE

22. Thank You.