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Senior Seminar                 Mr. Clover


Adapted from Lagemaat, p. 129.
                                            Student Examples
                                            God exists because you can’t prove he
                                            doesn’t.
1. Ad Ignorantiam



                                            All bananas are yellow.
2. Hasty Generalizations


                                            5 year olds cannot learn physics because they
3. Ad hominem                               are too young.


                                            When it rains it is cloudy, therefore when it is
4. Post hoc ergo propter hoc                cloudy it rains.


                                            It is hot when the sun is out. The sun is out,
5. Circular Reasoning                       therefore it must be hot.


                                            I know we need chocolate cake for the dinner
                                            party but it is my grandma’s dream to have
6. Special Pleading
                                            chocolate cake from this restaurant.

                                            Lucy got bruises on her arms, arms are
                                            weapons, therefore Lucy got weapons on her
7. Equivocation                             arms.


                                            Positive attitudes bloom during spring, just as
8. False analogy                            flowers do.


                                            Those who eat meat hate animals.
9. False Dilemma


                                            Did you sneak out last night?
10. Loaded question

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Common Fallacies

  • 1. Senior Seminar Mr. Clover Adapted from Lagemaat, p. 129. Student Examples God exists because you can’t prove he doesn’t. 1. Ad Ignorantiam All bananas are yellow. 2. Hasty Generalizations 5 year olds cannot learn physics because they 3. Ad hominem are too young. When it rains it is cloudy, therefore when it is 4. Post hoc ergo propter hoc cloudy it rains. It is hot when the sun is out. The sun is out, 5. Circular Reasoning therefore it must be hot. I know we need chocolate cake for the dinner party but it is my grandma’s dream to have 6. Special Pleading chocolate cake from this restaurant. Lucy got bruises on her arms, arms are weapons, therefore Lucy got weapons on her 7. Equivocation arms. Positive attitudes bloom during spring, just as 8. False analogy flowers do. Those who eat meat hate animals. 9. False Dilemma Did you sneak out last night? 10. Loaded question