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If you think that slavery ended in 1863…,[object Object]
Think again.,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
The fastest growing trade today??,[object Object],People.,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Did YOU know?,[object Object],In 2007, the trafficking industry generated 32 billion dollars… ,[object Object],That’s more than Nike, Google, and Starbucks… ,[object Object],COMBINED.,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
“The chains of modern slavery are,[object Object],invisible”,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
	There are an estimated ,[object Object],people enslaved today—  ,[object Object],   that is more than                    the                 number of slaves seized from Africa in                     ,[object Object],	of the Transatlantic slave trade.,[object Object],27 million,[object Object],twice,[object Object],four centuries,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
What is human trafficking?,[object Object],	Human trafficking is the modern day       .,[object Object],Human trafficking is the                       and of humans by means of deception and coercion and under the threat of violence. ,[object Object],	Trafficked, , and                 ,[object Object],	are under the control of another and as slaves, they are treated as property and are stripped of their rights. ,[object Object],slave trade ,[object Object],solicitation,[object Object],transportation,[object Object],exploitation,[object Object],menwomenchildren,[object Object]
Where does slavery exist today?,[object Object],in third world countries?,[object Object],all through Africa?,[object Object],in poor countries?,[object Object],in Haiti?,[object Object],in Southeast Asia? ,[object Object],in South America?,[object Object]
The Answer—,[object Object],Slavery is illegal in every nation in the world, yet it exists,[object Object],everywhere,[object Object]
Global Hotspots ,[object Object],France,[object Object],U.S.,[object Object],Turkey,[object Object],China,[object Object],U.A.E.,[object Object],Mauritania,[object Object],Haiti,[object Object],Thailand,[object Object],Brazil,[object Object]
Victims,[object Object],flow from poorer countries to richer countries,[object Object],-Victims generally				 	                    		        		 and a recent study found that the citizens of more than 35 countries, from regions such as                                			           are enslaved in the U.S., with the majority coming from                                                       ,[object Object],South Asia, Central America, ,[object Object],Africa, Europe, Mexico, China, and Vietnam,[object Object],Soviet Union,[object Object],-The former	                            is believed to be the,[object Object],                                    of trafficking for prostitution and the sex industry.,[object Object],largest new source,[object Object],large cities, vacation and tourist areas,[object Object],-Victims usually end up in,[object Object],            		where the demand is highest.,[object Object],or near military bases,[object Object],-Trafficking cases are often treated as a problem of illegal immigration causing ,[object Object],victims to be treated as criminals. ,[object Object]
Contributing Factors,[object Object],Globalization and Increase in Labor Migration,[object Object],Globalization has set the stage for a huge new industry and “the migrants are the supply and the unwitting props in a tragedy of enormous proportions.”,[object Object],The continuing subordination of women in many societies,[object Object],The high demand, worldwide, for trafficked women and children for sex tourism, sex workers, cheap sweatshop labor, and domestic workers. ,[object Object],The inadequacy of laws and law enforcement in most origin, transit, and destination countries, hampers efforts to fight trafficking. ,[object Object],The disinterest and in some cases even complicity of governments,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Industry,[object Object],-The Council of Europe states that “people trafficking has reached epidemic proportions over the past decade, with a global,[object Object],annual market of about $42.5 billion.”,[object Object],-In general, the criminal business,[object Object],feeds on,[object Object],poverty, despair, war, crisis, and ignorance.,[object Object],-It is the,[object Object],fastest-growing criminal,[object Object],industry in the world.,[object Object]
Human trafficking is an umbrella term used to describe all forms of modern-day slavery:,[object Object],-Bonded Labor,[object Object],-Forced Child Labor,[object Object],-Labor Trafficking ,[object Object],-Involuntary Servitude,[object Object],-Involuntary Domestic Servitude,[object Object],-Child Sex Tourism,[object Object],-Children for Commercial Sex,[object Object],-Child Soldiers,[object Object],-Sex Trafficking,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
Sex Trafficking,[object Object],Between        U.S. children are enslaved in sex trafficking each year.- Ernie Allen (President of the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children),[object Object],100,000-300,000,[object Object],[object Object]
The commercial sexual exploitation of children is trafficking, regardless of circumstances. The commercial sexual exploitation of children is trafficking, regardless of circumstances. two million children,[object Object],trapped in,[object Object],prostitution,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
THE LIES VS. THE TRUTH:,[object Object],THE LIE: Human trafficking and prostitution are completely 				      unrelated.,[object Object],THE TRUTH: Prostitution in some cases is human trafficking. ,[object Object],THE LIE: Human trafficking happens to poor people or people  		 			with no education.,[object Object],THE TRUTH: Although poverty is one of the biggest risk factors, 				  anyone can become a victim of human trafficking. ,[object Object],THE LIE: Human trafficking must involve violence 			and confinement.,[object Object],THE TRUTH: Although human trafficking can include both 				violence and confinement, it might be based solely 				on deceit, psychological manipulation and/or 				threats of violence.,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human Trafficking ,[object Object],in the United States,[object Object],“Let freedom ring?”,[object Object]
The truth isand it is happening in our own,[object Object],Slavery Still Exists,[object Object],backyard,[object Object]
The FBI estimates that well over 100,000 women and children are trafficked into the U.S. every year. They generally range in age from 9 to 19, with the average age being 11.,[object Object],Although almost 50% of trafficking victims are sold into prostitution, the other half are forced to work in factories, harvest crops, wash dishes in restaurants and clean in motels and offices,[object Object],There are more than 25,000 people living in slavery, in America, right now,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Human trafficking has been reported in ,[object Object],91 cities across the country,[object Object],The US Department of Justice reports that human trafficking has occurred in nearly ,[object Object],every state of the nation,[object Object]
Hot Spots in the U.S.,[object Object],[object Object]
 California (L.A.)
New York
 Seattle
Baltimore
D.C. &Northern Virginia,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
“Despite Law, Few Trafficking Arrests”,[object Object],The New York Times- March 2, 2010,[object Object],“D.C. Couple Charged with Sex Trafficking”,[object Object],The Examiner- February 22, 2008,[object Object],“Police Stop Three Human Trafficking Operations”,[object Object],NBC Washington- March 3, 2010 ,[object Object],“Recession boosts global human trafficking, report says”,[object Object],CNN- November 6, 2009,[object Object],“When American Dream Leads to Servitude”,[object Object],The New York Times- April 24, 2007,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
Like the slaves of the past, slaves in America ,[object Object],They have lost control of their lives, ,[object Object],and they are being					,[object Object],in terrible ways,[object Object],can not walk away,[object Object],exploited and brutalized,[object Object],But times are changing…,[object Object]
Before 2008, the New York state federal government would not even recognize child prostitution as sex trafficking.,[object Object]
In 2008, the tireless efforts of ,[object Object],New York Anti-Trafficking Coalitionresulted in the state passing its,[object Object],first ever Anti-Human Trafficking Law. ,[object Object],This anti-trafficking law was the ,[object Object],harshest the nation has ever seen. ,[object Object]
Momentum is building... ,[object Object],In 2000, Congress passed the Trafficking Victims Protection Act making forced labor a federal crime ,[object Object],When Bush addressed the U.N. General Assembly in 2003, it was the first time a major world leader addressed the issue of human trafficking,[object Object],In 2008, Bush signed the William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act in order to strengthen America’s anti-slavery laws,[object Object]
“This has to be a top priority… What we have to do is create better, more effective tools for prosecuting those who are engaging in human trafficking… Sadly, there are thousands who are trapped in various forms of enslavement here in our country… It is a debasement of our common humanity.”- President Barack Obama,[object Object]
“Nobody is free until everybody is free”,[object Object],-VivekPandit, Indian anti-slavery campaigner ,[object Object]
Progress in D.C. and Virginia,[object Object],Up until February of last year, Virginia was one of a handful of states with no criminal provision against human trafficking,[object Object],The passing of the Virginia Anti-Human Trafficking/Abduction Bill was a first step toward a comprehensive law to address human trafficking,[object Object],The bill:,[object Object],Defined human trafficking for the first time in the Virginia code ,[object Object],Created a defense for human trafficking victims who are accused of prostitution or other crimes committed while in a trafficking situation,[object Object],Created stiff penalties when human trafficking is committed by an organized criminal operation ,[object Object],Required traffickers to forfeit profits earned through exploiting victims ,[object Object],Last month, Virginia Legislature finally passed a Crime Commission Study Resolution to enable the VA Crime Commission to shed further light on human trafficking in Virginia ,[object Object],Before the passing of this resolution, the Crime Commission had virtually no reliable statistics on human trafficking in VA,[object Object]
How are men, women, and children forced into modern day slavery?,[object Object],Human Traffickers often prey on people in poverty who have little access to education, health care, or jobs. They disguise themselves as recruiters or employment brokers and promise paid work and sometimes education to men, women, and children. It seems like an amazing opportunity, but these people are often never seen again.,[object Object]
Fighting Human Trafficking:,[object Object],Requires a two-front war: ,[object Object],1. going after the criminals,[object Object],2.	addressing the poverty factor that motivates trafficking in the first place,[object Object]
There are more slaves alive now than ever before in   .,[object Object],So how can we believe it’s possible to bring human trafficking to an end?,[object Object],history,[object Object]
Because even though there may be more slaves now, they represent a 	of the world’s population than    ,[object Object],smaller %,[object Object],ever before,[object Object]
The Cost of Freedom:,[object Object],$14 = pays for books, uniforms and a satchel so a former child slave can go to school,[object Object],$92 = cost per child to rescue a group child slaves from the fishing industry in Ghana,[object Object],$94 = provides a year of specialized education for a former child slave in India,[object Object],$132 = pays for a raid to free child slaves in India who are then helped to rebuild and recover their lives,[object Object],$174 =provides a family in Ghana the means to start a small-scale business, this helps prevent children from being re-enslaved,[object Object],$500 = provides a sewing machine, spare parts, and materials to a Sudanese women’s cooperative to help former slaves earn a sustainable living,[object Object],$400 = average cost of freeing and rehabilitating one person,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
How expensive will it be to eradicate slavery?,[object Object],An estimated $10.8 billion,[object Object],(based on the average cost of freeing and rehabilitating one person),[object Object],This is less than Americans spend on movies each year,[object Object],Spread over 25 years, this is realistically doable,[object Object]
What is needed to abolish human trafficking?,[object Object],AWARENESS: educational campaigns to spread information through pamphlets, speeches, films, presentation, forums, word of mouth, and online,[object Object],ACTION: service projects and fundraising events to engage the local community,[object Object],3.	AID: fundraising and donation efforts to support international charities and organizations working   towards the eradication of modern-day slavery,[object Object]
According to J.F. Rischard, author of High Noon: 20 Global Problems, 20 Years to Solve Them if every nation in the world gave a small percentage of their Gross Domestic Product per year, world poverty would be SOLVED.,[object Object],World Gross Domestic Product in 2008: ,[object Object],$70.65 trillion,[object Object],If .05% of the GDP of the world in a year was donated to solving global poverty,[object Object],$353.3 million dollars,[object Object],would be contributed.,[object Object],To regulate this money and it’s use, an ambassador representing the interests of each nation could be appointed towork with international organizations.,[object Object]
Everyone has a role to play in this enormous endeavor,[object Object],Businesses: must make sure that slave labor is not being used in the supply line of their products,[object Object],Communities: must work to become slave-free by refusing slave-made goods and learn how to identify slavery and trafficking so that traffickers will have nowhere to hide,[object Object],Governments: must make their nations slave-free and start enforcing their anti-trafficking laws,[object Object],Organizations: must coordinate their efforts and become united in solving global poverty and slavery,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
The United Nations,[object Object],One of the best possible organizations to fight slavery,[object Object],Must lead the way in fighting this war against human trafficking,[object Object],Should do this by:,[object Object],Appointing UN Slavery Inspectors to inspect and enforce the UN’s global anti-slavery rules,[object Object]
In order for the UN to take these actions, the five permanent members of ,[object Object],the Security Council ,[object Object],(Britain, China, Russia, France and the U.S.),[object Object], must first make a serious commitment to ,[object Object],ending slavery,[object Object],This requires funds and resources and in order for this to happen, ,[object Object],pressure needs to come from,[object Object], THE PEOPLE,[object Object]
YOU,[object Object], 	     can make the difference between 				             for someone in your community,[object Object],slavery and freedom,[object Object]
What can YOU do?,[object Object],Educate yourself: go online, contact a local organization, or read the newspaper,[object Object],Sign up for e-mail updates from Polaris and/or Free the Slaves,[object Object],Join the DC Stop Modern Slavery Group,[object Object],Involve your community,[object Object],Spread the truth about slavery,[object Object],Buy goods that are made with fair labor standards,[object Object],Get your voice heard by contacting local government officials and sign petitions in support of strict anti-trafficking legislation,[object Object],Donate to a local organization,[object Object],Keep an eye out for suspicious signs of slavery in your neighborhood,[object Object]
How can we find slaves in our communities?,[object Object],Watch for the following signs of slavery. The worker is likely to be enslaved if he or she:,[object Object],Is not free to leave or come and go as he/she wishes ,[object Object],Is under 18 and is providing commercial sex acts ,[object Object],Is in the commercial sex industry and has a pimp / manager ,[object Object],Is unpaid, paid very little, or paid only through tips ,[object Object],Works excessively long and/or unusual hours ,[object Object],Is not allowed breaks or suffers under unusual restrictions at work ,[object Object],Owes a large debt and is unable to pay it off ,[object Object],Was recruited through false promises concerning the nature and conditions of his/her work ,[object Object],High security measures exist in the work and/or living locations (e.g. opaque windows, boarded up windows, bars on windows, barbed wire, security cameras, etc.),[object Object]
If there is any sign of suspicious activity YOU can contact the National Human Trafficking Resource Center (NHTRC),[object Object],Report a tip 24/7 and toll-free anywhere in the United States:  ,[object Object],1-888-3737-888,[object Object],Please take a moment to put this number into your phone!,[object Object],YOU can make the difference,[object Object]
“In this new century, many of the world's poorest countries remain imprisoned, enslaved and in chains. They are trapped in the prison of poverty. It is time to set them free.              Like slavery and apartheid, poverty is not natural. It is man-made and it can be overcome and eradicated by the actions of human beings.”,[object Object],-Nelson Mandela,[object Object]
Human Trafficking Presentation
“Imagine that after 5, 000 years of slavery we commit ourselves to achieving it’s eradication in our lifetime.,[object Object],Imagine that your generation will be the one that is looked back on in history as the generation that ended slavery.,[object Object],Imagine that your children and your grandchildren will grow up in a world where slavery is just seen as an ugly blot on our history.,[object Object],Imagine a world where every person is born in freedom and lives in liberty.”,[object Object],Kevin Bales (Co-Founder and President of Free the Slaves),[object Object]
Let’s join and make slavery a thing of the past once and for all,[object Object],together,[object Object]
On your way out, please take a moment to pick up Free the Slaves stickers, pamphlets, and other resources ,[object Object],If you’re interested in learning more about human trafficking or joining a club in the future please contact:,[object Object],ekf2fk@virginia.edu,[object Object],Thank You!,[object Object]
Sources,[object Object],1. Bales, Kevin. Interview with Amy Goodman. Democracy Now! “The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking and Slavery in America Today”. 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2010. (http://www.democracynow.org/2009/9/9/the_slave_next_door_human_trafficking). ,[object Object],2. Bales, Kevin. Winning the Fight: Eradicating Slavery in the Modern Age”. Harvard International Review, 31:1. 2009. “ Retrieved March 4, 2010. (http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdf?vid=2&hid=8&sid=48f8af49-93d9-49e1-8c36-c646d605daaa%40sessionmgr4).,[object Object],3. Berger, Joseph. “Despite Law, Few Trafficking Arrests”. 2009. The New York Times. Retrieved March 2, 2010 (http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/04/nyregion/04trafficking.html).,[object Object],4. Borenstein, Arlene. “Police Stop Three Human Trafficking Operations”. 2010. Retrieved March 3, 2010,[object Object],	(http://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local-beat/Police-Cease-and-Desist-the-Business-of-Human-Trafficking-86045632.html).,[object Object],5. Gonzalez, David. “When American Dream Leads to Servitude”. 2007. The New York Times. Retrieved Leads March 2, 2010 (http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/24/nyregion/24citywide.html?scp=1&sq=When%20American%20Dream%20leads%20to%20Servitude&st=cse).,[object Object],6. Jordan, Ann. “Human Trafficking and Globalization.” 2004. Center for American Progress. Retrieved March 23, 2010. (http://www.americanprogress.org/kf/terrorinshadows-jordan.pdf).,[object Object],7. Labbot, Elise. “Recession boosts global human trafficking, report says”. 2009. Retrieved March 3, 2010 (http://www.cnn.com/2009/US/11/02/human.trafficking.report/index.html#cnnSTCText). ,[object Object],7. McCabe, Scott. “D.C. couple charged with sex trafficking”. 2008. The Examiner. Retrieved April 20, 2010. (http://www.examiner.com/a-1235386~D_C__couple_charged_with_sex_trafficking.html). ,[object Object]
8. Shelley, Louise. “Preventing Human Trafficking in Virginia.” 2008. Retrieved February 18, 2010. Transnational Crime and Corruption Center. (http://dls.state.va.us/GROUPS/trafficking/meetings/093008/Shelley.pdf).,[object Object],9. “Slavery Still Exists And it Could Be in Your Backyard: A community members’ guide to fighting human trafficking and slavery.” 2008. Free the Slaves. Retrieved February 7, 2010. (http://www.childtrafficking.com/Docs/free_comunity_slave_0607.pdf). ,[object Object],10. “Slavery Still Exists Campaign. ” Stop Modern Slavery. Retrieved February 18, 2010. (http://www.stopmodernslavery.org/get-involved/hotline-campaign/).,[object Object],11. Swecker, Chris. “Congressional TestimonyBefore the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe”. 2005. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved April 20, 2010. (http://www.fbi.gov/congress/congress05/swecker060705.htm).,[object Object],12. “Teen Girls' Stories of Sex Trafficking in U.S.” ABC News. 2006. Retrieved February 2, 2010. (http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/story?id=1596778&page=1).,[object Object],13. “Trafficking in Persons Report 2009”. US Department of State. Retrieved April 20, 2010. (http://www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/tiprpt/2009/123133.htm). ,[object Object],14. “What is Human Trafficking?” Polaris Project. Retrieved February 18, 2010. (http://www.polarisproject.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26&Itemid=86).,[object Object],15. Welch, Claude E., Jr. 2009. “Defining Contemporary Forms of Slavery: Updating a Venerable NGO”. Human Rights Quarterly, 31:1. Retrieved March 3, 2010 (http://www.jstor.org/stable/20486738).,[object Object]
Goals and Obstacles,[object Object],Goals:,[object Object],Presentation,[object Object],On-Grounds awareness of the cause,[object Object],Obstacles:,[object Object],Engaging UVA community on large scale,[object Object],Gaining enough legitimacy as a group,[object Object],Little connection to ‘Not For Sale’ organization,[object Object],Making human trafficking a priority to students,[object Object],Achieving cohesiveness within our group,[object Object],Lack of unifying identity,[object Object],Forming a UVA chapter,[object Object]
What problem does Not For Sale address?,[object Object],Human trafficking as a form of modern-day slavery,[object Object],Definition of human trafficking,[object Object],Global human trafficking and human trafficking in the US,[object Object],Sex trafficking vs. Labour trafficking,[object Object],Laws against trafficking in the US,[object Object],US State Department statistics,[object Object]
How does Not For Sale Help?,[object Object],Developing an all-encompassing, comprehensive response to human trafficking,[object Object],“Stand with those who are enslaved”,[object Object],“Work together to free them”,[object Object],“Empower them in their freedom to break the cycle of vulnerability”,[object Object],Spreading awareness,[object Object],Understanding human trafficking,[object Object],Inspiring activism,[object Object]

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Human Trafficking Presentation

Editor's Notes

  1. We did not collaborate with Not For Sale in the practical sensePractical sense: using supplies, using an office as a “home base,” completing specified tasks with an explicit deadline, directly benefiting the specific organizationWe had very little communication with Not For Sale representatives throughout the project (only Tony)Their headquarters are in Half Moon Bay, California Tony was the liaison between us and Not For Sale, but he was only on Grounds every Friday- we had to figure out a way to adhere to the overall aims of Not For Sale without working directly with the organization We created a “cell” under the umbrella of Not For SaleUsed our own resources to further the mission of the larger organizationCreated a local sub-movement within the UVA community Project aims that reflected the larger goals of Not For SaleAlthough we only met with Tony once directly, he provided us with some valuable starting points for a very large projectTony gave us some goals that reflected two of the overall goals of Not For Sale (www.notforsalecampaign.org)1. Education and awareness- creating “open source activism” (www.notforsalecampaign.org)“we need to shift to a paradigm that recognizes the possibility of slavery in order to be able to identify it”- we need to uncover human trafficking and bring it into the collective consciousness of our society- we can’t afford to keep the fact that 27 million people today are enslaved hiddenSo how could we uncover facts, statistics, and stories?Tony wanted us to conduct research on the human trafficking movement by interviewing various individuals involved in different sectors of the movement itself- former victims, local law enforcement officials, workers for Non-Profits such as Polaris Project, elected officialsHe also wanted us to learn more about the local impact of human trafficking through investigating court cases and other materials that could help us understand the human trafficking going on in our own backyardThe reports were to be written in newspaper article format and actually submitted to various local newspapers (such as The Hook, the Cville, the Daily Progress, and the Cav Daily) in the hopes that they would be published and readers would be educated about human trafficking globally and locally- what it looks like, why it exists and in what forms, and what individuals not directly involved in the movement can do to end modern-day slavery locally and internationally These reports were also designed to attract readers to the Human Trafficking Movement and provide them with resources (websites, organizations, statistics) to help them get involved- educating their peers, donating money to specific non-profits, attending awareness-raising events2. Recruiting “modern-day abolitionists” (www.notforsalecampaign.org)Tony also wanted us to somehow involve the UVA community in the fight to end modern-slaveryHe said we could conduct awareness-raising events such as a conference or other UVA-wide event to educate our community and recruit members for a UVA CIO that would be formedHe suggested we form a UVA CIO dedicated to raising awareness of human trafficking locally and internationally, as well as funding for non-profits such as Not For SaleThe goal: educate members of the University community who may know next to nothing about modern-day slavery in the hopes that they will be moved to join the campaign to end human trafficking as well- recruiting “modern-day abolitionists” through education
  2. Unified under the same aimsReiterate- we may have acted independently but we want the same things as the larger organization- we are passionate students who chose this project because something about Tony’s presentation touched us and provoked us to actSpread awareness and educate the publicRecruit activists to join the movementWe are the STUDENTS Not For Sale is dedicated to reaching out to- we employed “smart activism”coined by Jeffrey Brand (Dean at the University of San Francisco School of Law, on the board of Not For Sale)use the education we gain from the experience to teach othersuse our specific fields of interest to learn more about human traffickinglook for connections between issues (ACE and class work)flexible, creative, make up our own rules Reaching out to the UVA/Charlottesville Community: An “insider’s perspective”We were at an advantage in targeting the UVA and Charlottesville community because we live hereWe are students at UVA- we know the process of forming a CIO, we know the difficulties in organizing events on our Grounds, we know from experience what marketing techniques work best to attract attentionWe are residents of Charlottesville- we know who our local elected officials are, we know local organizations that may be involved in the human trafficking movement (SARA, IRC), we know local newspapers whose editors we can contactIt is a lot easier for us to start our own sub-movement than for a representative from Not For Sale to try to start one- we have an “insider’s perspective” and “insider experiences” with local social activismIt helps to know your “audience” when trying to market and research a social movement- you will encounter specific obstacles and need to know specific contacts to further your goals  A cost-free initiativeWe worked with our own resources to learn about and spread awareness of human trafficking- we did not rely on any funding from Not For SaleThus, our work was a “cost-free initiative” for Not For SaleThey did not have to allocate any funding to usWe could further their goals and aims without hindering their ongoing projects by taking funding or other resources awayMost of the work we did required little to no money- interviews, research, putting together a presentationWe only had to fund a little- transportation to and from the Walk to End Modern Slavery, printing the newspaper articles for the classThis is one of the benefits of operating independently as a sub-movement under the umbrella organization- we can help them the way a program working in conjunction with the larger organization can, but without the allocation of money to our projects