Latinos in the U.S. and Northeast Florida: A Demographic Overview Dr. Judith C. Rodriguez, RD, University of North Florida Mr. Daniel Santibanez, MPH Candidate, University of North Florida Feb. 25, 2005 This is part 1 of an 8 part series of seminars on Hispanic Health Issues brought to you by the University of North Florida’s Dept. of Public Health, College of Health, a grant from AETNA, and the cooperation of Duval County Health Department. For more information or register for the seminars, please call 620-1289.

About Hispanics/Latinos… The largest minority group Hispanics are a young, fast growing population Larger families Lower high school graduation rates Self identity differs

The largest minority group

Hispanics are a young, fast growing population

Larger families

Lower high school graduation rates

Self identity differs

U.S. Demographics Source: American Community Survey Profile 2002. U.S Census Bureau

U.S. Demographics of Hispanics Total US Population Puerto Rican 9% Cuban 4% Central & South American 14% Other Latino/ Hispanic 7% 13.8% (2003) Mexican 66.9% US Census Bureau 2003

Regional Distribution Puerto Rican Dominican Central American South American Cuban Central American South American Puerto Rican Mexican Central American South American US Census Bureau 2003 14% 33% 45% 8%

Puerto Rican

Dominican

Central American

South American

Cuban

Central American

South American

Puerto Rican

Mexican

Central American

South American

U.S. Demographics - Indicators US Hisp Median age 38.7 35.4 all % below poverty 12.1 21.8 <18 % below poverty 16.3 28.2

About Latinos/Hispanics…

Age One-third of Hispanics are under age 18. Among Hispanics, Mexicans have the largest proportion of people under age 18 (37 percent). The Hispanic population is younger than the non-Hispanic White population. U.S. Hispanic Population: 2002 Current Population Survey, March 2002, PGP-5 US Census Bureau

One-third of Hispanics are under age 18.

Among Hispanics, Mexicans have the largest proportion of people under age 18 (37 percent).

The Hispanic population is younger than the non-Hispanic White population.

Age Distribution by Sex and Hispanic Origin: 2002 Male Female Female Male Hispanic Non-Hispanic White U.S. Hispanic Population: 2002 Current Population Survey, March 2002, PGP-5 US Census Bureau Note: Each bar represents the percent of the Hispanic (non-Hispanic White) population who were within the specified age group and of the specified sex.

Hispanic family households are more likely than non-Hispanic White family households to be maintained by a female with no spouse present. Among Hispanic family households, Puerto Ricans have the largest proportion of households maintained by a female with no spouse present. About half of Hispanics aged 15 years and older are married. Family Households and Marital Status U.S. Hispanic Population: 2002 Current Population Survey, March 2002, PGP-5 US Census Bureau

Hispanic family households are more likely than non-Hispanic White family households to be maintained by a female with no spouse present.

Among Hispanic family households, Puerto Ricans have the largest proportion of households maintained by a female with no spouse present.

About half of Hispanics aged 15 years and older are married.

Acculturation Diversity: Among native-born Latinos and those who are fully fluent in English, views on a range of issues are often closer to those of non-Hispanics than to those who are foreign born or Spanish speakers (Pew Hispanic Center and Kaiser Family Foundation Survey December 17, 2002)

Diversity:

Among native-born Latinos and those who are fully fluent in English, views on a range of issues are often closer to those of non-Hispanics than to those who are foreign born or Spanish speakers

Language Overwhelming majority believe immigrants need to learn to speak English – Mex. (89%) Puerto Ricans (86%) Cubans (89%) Central Americans (94%) South Americans (89%) Salvadorans (94%) Dominicans (92%) Colombians (88%) 89% believe immigrants need to learn English to succeed. Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002, http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html

Overwhelming majority believe immigrants need to learn to speak English –

Mex. (89%)

Puerto Ricans (86%)

Cubans (89%)

Central Americans (94%)

South Americans (89%)

Salvadorans (94%)

Dominicans (92%)

Colombians (88%)

89% believe immigrants need to learn English to succeed.

Discussion Language barriers are an issue when working with the Hispanic population. Is enough being done to provide bilingual or translation services by the city and health departments? How big of an issue is this in your work? Considering all viewpoints, what do you feel are steps that should be taken?

Values, Beliefs, Attitudes 29% (vs. 46% whites) – believe you can be more successful in an American workplace if you are willing to work long hours at the expense of your personal life Only 17% predominant Spanish vs. 45% predominantly English speakers voice this view (Similar between the foreign and the native born.) Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002, http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html

29% (vs. 46% whites) – believe you can be more successful in an American workplace if you are willing to work long hours at the expense of your personal life

Only 17% predominant Spanish vs. 45% predominantly English speakers voice this view (Similar between the foreign and the native born.)

Identity 54% use country of origin for identifying themselves 24% say “Latino” or “Hispanic” is their first choice 21% say “American” is their preference 57% of Latinos with U.S.- born parents identify first as Americans Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002, http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html

54% use country of origin for identifying themselves

24% say “Latino” or “Hispanic” is their first choice

21% say “American” is their preference

57% of Latinos with U.S.- born parents identify first as Americans

Discrimination One in three (31%) Latinos report they or someone close to them has suffered discrimination in the past five years; more (45%) report experiencing more subtle forms Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002, http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html

One in three (31%) Latinos report they or someone close to them has suffered discrimination in the past five years; more (45%) report experiencing more subtle forms

Health Variety of health belief systems impact health behaviors: Hot-cold theory of disease Germ theory and Western medicine Religion (fatalism, “God’s will,” etc.)

Variety of health belief systems impact health behaviors:

Hot-cold theory of disease

Germ theory and Western medicine

Religion (fatalism, “God’s will,” etc.)

Important Trend Data Household income is growing Purchasing power is growing at triple the rate of the overall US population Children of Hispanic immigrants will be the largest contributing group in the next twenty years http://www.ahorre.com/hispanicinfo.htm

Household income is growing

Purchasing power is growing at triple the rate of the overall US population

Children of Hispanic immigrants will be the largest contributing group in the next twenty years

Discussion Are employers attempting to adjust to the growing numbers of Hispanics in the area? What are some examples of diversity outreach in your fields? Do you feel the pace is consistent with the growth in the area? What are the obstacles? Solutions?

Latino Population in Florida Puerto Rican 18.0 % Cuban 31 % Other Latino/ Hispanic 37 % Mexican 14% US Census Bureau Current Population Survey, March 2002 Total Florida 18.7% (2003)

Source: American Community Survey Profile 2002. U.S Census Bureau Latino Population in the Florida

Demographics - Indicators

Florida Est. for Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers (MSFW) MSF Enumeration Profile Study, Larson Assistant Services, 2000 and Health Planning Council of N.E. Fla., Health Plan 2003-2006 286,725 Florida 4,242 Volusia 1,051 St. John’s 52 Nassau 954 Flagler 1,372 Duval 24 Clay 31 Baker MSFW and Household Members Area

http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTSearchMapFramesetServlet?_lang=en&PANEL_ID=p_qt_geo_map&errMsg=&_mapX=&_mapY=&_latitude=&_longitude=&_pageX=&_pageY=&_MapEvent=zoom&_zoomLevel=6&_pan=&_rem_geo=&_ts=125421892427&_changeMap=ZoomIn&_area=040

http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTSearchMapFramesetServlet?_lang=en&PANEL_ID=p_qt_geo_map&errMsg=&_mapX=&_mapY=&_latitude=&_longitude=&_pageX=&_pageY=&_MapEvent=zoom&_zoomLevel=5&_pan=&_rem_geo=&_ts=125422075851&_changeMap=ZoomIn&_area=040

Duval County HISPANIC/LATINO Number Percent Total population 778,879 100.0 Hispanic/Latino 35,612 4.5 Not Hispanic or Latino 746,933 95.9

HISPANIC/LATINO Number Percent

Total population 778,879 100.0

Hispanic/Latino 35,612 4.5

Not Hispanic or Latino 746,933 95.9

Duval County HISPANIC BY TYPE Number Percent Hispanic (any race) 31,946* 100.0 Mexican 6,398 20.0 Puerto Rican 11,485 36.0 Cuban 3,354 10.5 Other Hispanic or Latino 10,709 33.5 Dominican 610 1.9 * Estimated no. is on 2000 census but regarded as low. Current estimate about 60,000.

HISPANIC BY TYPE Number Percent

Hispanic (any race) 31,946* 100.0

Mexican 6,398 20.0

Puerto Rican 11,485 36.0

Cuban 3,354 10.5

Other Hispanic or Latino 10,709 33.5

Dominican 610 1.9

* Estimated no. is on 2000 census but regarded as low. Current estimate about 60,000.

0.4-1.9% 2.3-3.6% 3.7-5.3% 5.4-7.4% 7.5-11.5% Percent Hispanic/Latino* * Mayor’s Planning Office

Duval County

Duval County

Hispanic Population by Age Group, 2000 U.S. Census Summary Data Files and Health Planning Council of N.E. Fla., Health Plan 2003-2006 4.3% 13.9% 27.6% 32.4% 21.8% 2.682,715 Florida 3.3% 12.4% 24.6% 34.1% 25.6% 29,111 Volusia 3.0% 11.7% 30.4% 29.9% 25.1% 3,244 St.John 2.1% 10.6% 26.6% 31.5% 29.3% 873 Nassau 6.5% 27.1% 23.8% 22.0% 20.6% 2,537 Flagler 2.0% 8.1% 25.5% 37.3% 27.2% 31,946 Duval 1.9% 8% 26.5% 33.8% 29.8% 6,059 Clay 1.7% 7.4% 31.2% 40.8% 18.9% 419 Baker Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent 75+ 55-74 35-54 15-34 0-14 Age Group (Years) Total Hisp. population Area

Duval County

Discussion Hispanics in Duval County currently make up 5% of the population. How do you think this affects community workers and leaders’ attitudes toward Hispanics and towards ensuring they are provided with resources (i.e., language support, etc.)?

Local Information For census data specific to your county access the U.S. Census Bureau’s State & County QuickFacts http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/ http://factfinder.census.gov/ City of Jacksonville Planning Office

For census data specific to your county access the U.S. Census Bureau’s

State & County QuickFacts

http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/

http://factfinder.census.gov/

City of Jacksonville Planning Office

Additional Census Information Current Population Reports series are offered annually by the U.S. Census Bureau. The most recent edition, The Hispanic Population in the United States: March 2002, Population Characteristics can be found at: http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p20-545.pdf or http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/hispanic.html

Current Population Reports series are offered annually by the U.S. Census Bureau. The most recent edition, The Hispanic Population in the United States: March 2002, Population Characteristics can be found at:

http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p20-545.pdf

or

http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/hispanic.html