longwall powered roof support sccl rock excavation coal mines horizontal stress coal mine ground control limitations cutting tools coal or metal mines ground control continuous miner four leg shields support selection two leg shields powered roof supports miner progressive massive fibrosis mechanisation coal workers pneumoconiosis control measures stress mapping longwall ground control various picks applicability mobile tunnel miner pick lacing pattern theories of rock interaction plough roadheader thin seam extraction types of excavation machines tunnel boring machines underground different excavation machines auger miner longwall shearer scrapers bucket chain excavator bucket wheel excavatorr different open cast or open pit excavation machine shovels rippers application highwall miner dozers formulae for analysis of cutting force various types of picks theories of interaction plastic zone consideration kirschs law design of openings in mines multiple openings control of subsidence horizontal strain factors affecting subsidence analysis of subsidence prediction of subsidence upsidence subsidence components of subsidence subsidence limits various approaches for pillar design coal pillar local mine stiffness yield pillar effect of roof and floor on pillar stability salmon formula versus sheorey formula failure of panels different methods panel stability in bord and pillar mines tributory area pillar design factors affecting slope stability open pit mines opencast mines slope analysis monitoring of slopes slope failure modes stabilisation of slopes dump stability slope stability underground mine strata monitoring instrumentation opencast mine ground movement monitoring overcoring hydro fracturing method coal mine measurement of insitu stress insitu stress borehole break out singareni collieries company limited selection of support failure of longwalls longwall technology in india geomechanics types of modelling numerical modelling ground control practices or techniques cavability under ground ground reaction curve strata control caving mechanism dip rise panels strike panels coal mining india
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