المدونات الإلكترونية مصــدر جديــد للمعلـومــات

‫اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼــﺪر ﺟﺪﻳــﺪ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠـﻮﻣــﺎت‬ ‫د. ﻋـﺼﺎم ﻣﻨﺼﻮر‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻮم اﳌﻜﺘﺒﺎت واﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣـــﺎت‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ، اﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬ :‫اﳌﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  K ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬F   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      W ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬F       ،E  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،E  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،   ‫א‬  K2007‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،  ‫؛‬‫א‬       ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،     ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ، ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،     ‫א‬   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﳌﻔﺘﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،2‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 93

:‫اﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬  ‫א‬، ، J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬         ‫א‬ ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬E‫א‬ ‫א‬F?‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫؛‬E2007،F?‫א‬، ‫א‬،‫א‬ ،Ewww.marsad.watan.comF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KE2007،F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬     ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬       ،‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K F،E‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ K2 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ،EMySpace/FacebookF ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،EWikiF ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،(RSS) ‫א‬ ،(PodcastingF ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ EFlickrF ‫א‬ ‫א‬        ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،(Second Life)   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ Open ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬   K ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Sources  ،‫א‬،Huffaker (2004)    K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 94

:‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬  web log ‫א‬،blog‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  Blog  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫؛‬‫א‬ Blog ،KWeb logsWeblogs  ،‫א‬‫א‬     KServer’s log files ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ،Web log   ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Hill (2005)K‫א‬ ??  ‫א‬ Merriam-Webster     ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 2004‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ABC   ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫؛‬‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  K 2004  ?People of the Year? ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬        ‫א‬    >‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  E‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ،‫א‬    ‫א‬‫؛‬Wijinia (2005F، KEWijinia, 2005F‫א‬ ‫א‬>‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W،‫א‬ ‫א‬       ،‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،‫א‬     ،Eentries ‫א‬F posts ‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬L،   ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE2007،F‫א‬‫א‬ 95

 ،   ‫א‬‫א‬ ،،‫א‬  K(Fischter, 2004 & Herzog, 2005F‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K(Richardson, 2004)   ،    ،     ‫א‬   ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، KEBradley, 2002F‫א‬،  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، KEReichardt & Harder, 2005F  ‫א‬   {‫א‬    ‫א‬   {  {‫א‬{‫א‬{ {‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  {    ‫א‬    KE2007،F‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،‫א‬ ‫א‬     W،‫א‬ K‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ K chronologically    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫؛‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (2004) Vargas،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬   K‫א‬       100000   ،     ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ F (2004) Xeni Jardin  Sifry    K         ‫؛‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   57 ،2006  ،  Technorati ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    (2006b) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫؛‬٪ 55 ،  ‫א‬‫א‬٪ 8‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬  96

4 J J‫א‬‫א‬،Spam Blogs (splogs)  Sifry (2006a) K 57‫א‬ 7 ،٪ ‫א‬‫א‬ Sifry (2006b)K ‫א‬‫؛‬         ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، :‫ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬  1997   ?weblog?  Jorn Barger  ،E2005F      ،1999   ?blog? ‫א‬ Peter Merholz   ،Robot Wisdom W ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫?؛‬we blog?‫א‬?weblog?‫א‬   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ،   ،Dave Winer   ،Reichardt & Harder (2005)  http://infor.cern.chW‫א‬1991TimBerners-Lee‫א‬ http://www.w3.org/History/1992103- W    ،   ‫א‬ ‫א‬F  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،hypertext/hypertext/WWW/News/9201.html)  K‫א‬ :‫ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬  ،   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   KBlogging Platforms Blog Software  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬    ،E200820FYahoo‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫؛‬84‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Movable    ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ،Word Press Blogger   ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Kalpana (2007) K(Yahoo, 2008) TypePad Type      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ :‫ﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎت ﺑﺤﺚ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J J‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  97

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬،Daypop،‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ E40ZF  ، ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   KThe Daypop Top 40     ،‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬KBlawgDetoldFeedster Blogdex ‫א‬   ،‫א‬    K    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   KGlob of BlogsEatonweb Portal :‫ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ وﻣﺴﺎوئ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫أوﻻ: ﻣﺰاﻳﺎ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬      ،      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Herzog, Tannahill & Zeises (2005)،EBauer, 2003F   ‫؛‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   K  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬   K   ‫א‬      ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ (2004) Pollard      ‫؛‬‫א‬   (2002) Long  K    ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Richardson (2004)K ،EphotoblogsF ‫א‬  ،     ،    ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ،     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ 98

:‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ: ﻣﺴﺎوئ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫א‬ Herzog, Tannahill & Zeises (2005)،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ {  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬ :‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎت اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،E2004F Nardi  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،    ‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬       K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   W،‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬‫؛‬F ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ K‫א‬ Kblogroll ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  :‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ، ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،      ‫א‬  ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬،   ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬  K،  99

:‫أﻫﺪاف اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،   K ‫א‬    ، ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫أﺳﺌﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬     ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬    W،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫؟‬‫א‬ K1 ‫؟‬،L K2 ‫؟‬‫א‬،‫א‬L K3 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4 ‫؟‬EF،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5 ‫؟‬EF‫א‬‫א‬ K6  ‫؟‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K7  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K8 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L K9 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   K10 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K11 :‫ﺣﺪود وﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،2007‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫؛‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 100

:‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ Blogs/Weblogs :‫اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬   ‫א‬   {‫א‬    ‫א‬   {  ‫א‬{‫א‬{‫א‬{  ‫א‬{‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬{   KE2007،F‫א‬‫א‬ Digital Sources of Information :‫ﻣﺼﺎدر اﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K(Reitz, 2000)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Focus Groups :‫اﺠﻤﻟﻤﻮﻋﺔ اﻟﺒﺆرﻳﺔ أوﺟﻤﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬      ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،   KEHartsook, 2006)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫اﳌﺸﺘﺮﻛﲔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫א‬    E17 ZF ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    E5 ZF ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Leitao &  Lindlof (1995) Krueger (1998)     K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Vergueiro (2000)  K‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 101

 1  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬L‫א‬L‫א‬L‫א‬   EF9  E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 1 EF5 E،‫א‬‫א‬F 2 EHF2 E،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 3 EF1 E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 4 EF1 E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ 5  EF1 E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ 6  EF1 E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 7  EF1  E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬8  EF1  E،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬9  EF1  E،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬10  EF1  E،‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬11  24  ‫א‬   ،E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  WE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F  2  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬L‫א‬L‫א‬L‫א‬    9 ‫א‬‫א‬ 1   5  2   1 ‫א‬‫א‬ 3   1 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 4   1 ‫א‬ 5   1 ‫א‬ 6   1 ‫א‬‫א‬ 7    1  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 8    1  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 9    1  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 10    22  ‫א‬     102

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  3  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ EF‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬FW6  ‫א‬    W،7   E‫א‬‫א‬ EF ‫א‬ 2  W4 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FW5  ‫א‬  W2  E7F E‫א‬‫א‬ EF ‫א‬ ‫א‬W1 ‫א‬‫א‬FW6  ‫א‬   W،7   E‫א‬‫א‬ EF ‫א‬    W3  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬FW5  ‫א‬ 2  W1  E7F E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF ‫א‬  W1  W1  ‫א‬W1  ‫א‬‫א‬FW8  ‫א‬   W،8   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF ‫א‬ 2  W2  ‫א‬ E‫א‬‫א‬  W2  E8F ‫א‬‫א‬FW3  ‫א‬  W2   E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ EF ‫א‬   W1   ‫א‬W1  ‫א‬11 530       ،EF      6  22   W‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ K180W1 K180W2 K170W3 103

:‫ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ :‫ُﺮق ﺟﻤﻊ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻃ‬ ‫א‬ 2007‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،E2007‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     L    ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،  K ‫א‬ ‫א‬          L   ‫א‬   ،snowball ‫א‬     ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  Polit & Hunger   K‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(1996)    ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ،Gruppetta (2005) K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬    ‫א‬        ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬، Blacktop    K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬          ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ (1996) K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Focus Group  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ،homogenous sample ‫א‬     ،‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫؛‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬(2007) BarnettK‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬     ،heterogeneous sample ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   WFocus Group‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬،‫א‬،Focus Groups‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،، qualitative research ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ method   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  104

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Patton (1990)،‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬     K‫א‬   ، ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Leitao & Vergueiro (2000) ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬ :‫ﺣﻮار وأﺳﺌﻠﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،      ، ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Gibbs (1997)‫א‬،،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،  ،E‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K :‫اﳉﺰء اﻷول‬ ‫؟‬‫א‬ K1 ‫؟‬،L K2 ‫؟‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬L K3 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K4 ‫؟‬EF،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K5 ‫؟‬EF‫א‬‫א‬ K6     105

:‫اﳉﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬  ‫؟‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K2 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L K3 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K4 :‫اﳉﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K1 :‫اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،Online Communities ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬       ، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،Julia Habermann ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬،2004،   415  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ٪ 40   ،‫א‬    ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬  Abant ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Tekinarslan ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬،2008‫א‬ Izzet Baysal   ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،،‫א‬E42=F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 106

‫א‬ K‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،   ،   ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬   E ‫א‬ F   ‫א‬ ،E2007   ‫א‬F ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬  ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬ K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Jones‫א‬ Alony‫א‬،2008 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،Wollongong،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬،Salen‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬،2007‫א‬،Bergen‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  ،E‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫ﲢﻠﻴﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  transcription   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬         ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K ،E F  ‫א‬  ،        (Bogdan & Biklen, ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   K1992, & Hartsook, 2006)   ‫א‬  ،  ،‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬    L  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬F  ،   ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،  ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ، EF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 107

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫اﻹﺷﺘﻐﺎل ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪوﻳﻦ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ :‫إﻣﺘﻼك ﻣﺪوﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﺻﺔ أوﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻣﺪوﻧﺎت آﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،   ‫א‬،   ، ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   ، ‫א‬   ،  ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫ﻋﺪد اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ اﳌﻤﻠﻮﻛﺔ‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ،‫א‬     ‫א‬    ،   ،  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬ :‫ﻣﺠﺎل اﳌﺪوﻧﺔ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،     ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬      ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬       ‫א‬   ،‫א‬   K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ،   ‫א‬  J   J ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬       108

:‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻲ اﳌﺪوﻧﺔ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ، ،E‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫ﻋﺪد اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺮﺟﻮع إﻟﻴﻬﺎ، واﻟﻮﻗﺖ اﳌﺴﺘﻐﺮق )أﺳﺒﻮﻋﻴﺎ( ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،EF ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬    ، K‫א‬‫א‬ :‫اﻹﻋﺘﺪاد ﺑﺎﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﺼﺪر ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ??‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ KE‫א‬     ‫א‬ F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، W،‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -  K‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ -  KE‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬     ‫א‬    ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ -  K،  K‫א‬‫א‬ -  K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -  ،  ‫א‬ F ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ - KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 109

:‫ﺗﻔﻀﻴﻞ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺼﺎدر اﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت أﻵﺧﺮي‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  W، KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - KE12L7L24F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -  K‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -  ‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ - K‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬      ، ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ - K ،  ‫א‬‫א‬    :‫اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺑﺼﺤﺔ اﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﻮاردة ﺑﺎﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  –  –‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،  > :‫اﳌﻌﻮﻗﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻮق اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﳌﺪوﻧﺎت اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ 110

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ K‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  - ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - :‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -    ،    ،‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   - ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫ א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬        ‫؛‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ :‫اﺠﻤﻟﺎل‬ K‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ - ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ - ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬ K‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ {‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،   - K‫א‬ 111

‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ - ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ واﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎت وﺗﻮﺻﻴﺎت اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،EGallop, 2007F ‫א‬   KESalleh, 2005F   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬  K(Instone, 2005)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬     ، ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ،‫א‬  ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ Kaye (2004) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Schmidt (2007)K‫א‬   ،‫א‬ {‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 112

،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،Habermann‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬          ‫א‬ ‫א‬     Habermann (2005)  ‫؛‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ،  K         ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ،Alony & Jones E2008)‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬        ‫א‬     ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،ENamwar & Rastgoo, 2008)‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬،،‫א‬،K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، 113

‫اﳌﺮاﺟﻊ‬   :‫اﳌﺮاﺟﻊ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ 2007،13 K ‫א‬‫א‬KE2007FK ،E1F    http://vb.b7b7.com/t4991.html ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE2007FK،E2F  2007،20 K ‫א‬‫א‬    Http://www.cybrarians.info/journal/no13/blogs.htm :‫اﳌﺮاﺟﻊ اﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬ 1) Bogdan, R. & Biklen, K. (1992). Qualitative research for education (2nd ed.) Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon. 2) Bradley, P. (2002). Weblogs; what, why, where & when. Retrieved April 4, 3) 2007, from http://www.philb.com/weblogsppt/Weblogs_files/frame.htm 4) Branett, J. (2007). Focus Groups Tips for Beginners1, TCALL Occasional Research Paper No. 1. Retrieved August 10, 2008 from http://www- tcall.tamu.edu/orp/orp1.htm 5) Fischter, D. (2004). Blogging Basics. Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 from http://wiki.classroom20.com/Blogging 6) Gallop, R. (2007). Do Blogs Help Students to Learn? Learning and Teaching in Higher Education, issue 2. 7) Gibbs, A. (1997). Focus Groups. Retrieved November 11 from http://sru.soc.surrey.ac.uk/SRU19.html 8) Gruppetta, M. (2005). ‘Snowball recruiting’: Capitalising on the theoretical ‘six degrees of separation’. Retrieved June 24, 2007 from http://www.aare.edu.au/05pap/gru05247.pdf 9) Habermann, J. (2005). Weblogs as a source of business news and information. Retrieved May 20, 2007 from http://74.125.77.132/search?q=cache:veXM49NbBHYJ:goliath.ecnext.com/co ms2 10) Hartsook, C. (2006). Conducting Focus Group. Retrieved December 15, 2007 from http://www.agmrc.org/agmrc/business/startingbusiness/conductingfocusgroups. htm 11) Herzog, S. & Tannahill, C. (2005). Blogging at Schools. Retrieved Oct. 4, 2007 from http://bloggingatschools.blogspot.com. 114

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المدونات الإلكترونية مصــدر جديــد للمعلـومــات

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المدونات الإلكترونية مصــدر جديــد للمعلـومــات — Document Transcript