Cloud Computing Online Video

Cloud Computing and Online Video Rex Chung Founder of Ankoder (Rorcraft Limited)

Some History • Studied High School & Computer Engineering Degree in Sydney. • Started developing HTML in 96. • My ﬁrst job in the web industry in 2001. • Started Rorcraft in Oct 06. • Started Ankoder in Dec 07.

What is Cloud Computing?

It can mean many things. • Originate from network diagrams • Marks a new era of computing • Marketing Jargon (similar to web2.0)

Computing Eras • Mainframe (centralised) - 60s-70s • PC (decentralised) - 80s-90s • Internet Cloud Computing (centralised) - today.

• No local software • No local hardware, only access devices • Everything through the internet cloud

Is it SaaS? • SaaS - Software as a Service (Gmail, Google Docs) • PaaS - Platform as a Service (APIs) • HaaS - Hardware as a Service (Amazon) Difference is vague

Is it Scale on Demand? • Yes, but Amazon’s EC2 is not automatic. • Google Apps Engine is automatic. • Trade off between automation and ﬂexibility

Traditional way of scaling • Buy Hardware • Buy routers, load balancers, ﬁrewall • NAS Network Attached Storage • Database Cluster or Master/Slave • High Availability (IP redirect)

Virtualisation • Xen - http://www.xen.org/ • open source industry standard for virtualization • Dedicated Servers =>Virtual Private Server • Enterprise implement their own virtualised infrastructure

Amazon’s Web Services • S3 = Simple Storage System • EC2 = Elastic Cloud Computing (Elastic = Scale up and down) • SQS = Simple Queue System • SimpleDB = Key-Value Database

Google Apps Engine • Run time environment - currently Python only. • Auto scaling (no preset load) • BigTable - distributed database system.

BigTable • Based on Google’s own distributed ﬁle system • Data Redundancy (Fault tolerant) • Served from memory. • Open source implementation: Hadoop - distributed ﬁle system HBase - database on top of Hadoop

Videos... • Problem 1: Too many formats • Containers: avi, asf, mp4, ogg, ﬂv, mov, 3gp • Codecs: mpeg-2, wmv, divx, h.264, theora, quicktime, sorenson

Videos... • Problem 2: Too many sizes and devices • Full HD, HD, HD Ready, Apple TV, web, laptop, netbook, ipod/iphone, portable media devices, mobiles • Different bitrate, frame rate.

Most popular • Flash: Flv (sorenson), MP4 (h.264) • Mobile: 3GP ( MP2 or MP4) • Firefox 3.1: Theora (open source)

Video Conversion... • Problem 3: Transcoding is CPU intensive and takes alot of time • What if you need to transcode 100 videos at the same time? • If each video takes 5mins, that’s 500mins! (8hrs+)

Ankoder: Solving the problem • Leverage computing power from Amazon on demand. • Platform as a Service • Reliability • Scalability • At no upfront cost.

Our target clients • Videos are not part of their core business. • Large user base, high volume video upload. • Some examples: - online auctions - educational, tutorials - online dating - yellow pages (alibaba, openrice etc)

How we do it? e.g. Yellow Pages Transcode Transcode ... worker worker Ankoder API SQS S3

How we transcode. • FFmpeg - open source tool • Flvtool2, MP4Box, ffmpeg2theora • Quality = bitrate : resolution : frame rate

Next steps • Real time video transcode • Analytics - tracking video usage • Ad network - serving relevant ads to video • Video Streaming - seek to begin

Questions • Contact: Rex Chung http://www.ankoder.com rex@rorcraft.com • Personal: http://www.rexchung.com

Cloud Computing Online Video

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