Informaticity, Digital Convergence &
new e|m-* Applications
Rogério P C do Nascimento, PhD
Universidade Federal de Sergipe
Computing Department
Assistant Professor (Adjunto)
Aracaju | BRAZIL

history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• History
• Power computing location
• Ubiquitous, Pervasive, Omnipresence…
• Technologies
– HW development
• Wireless (WLAN), RFID, NFC, GPS, GPRS/ISDN, GSM, VPN..
– SW Tools
• J2EE, .NET, XML, RSS, Podcast, SMS, MMS, Web 2.0..
• Informaticity
– Ubiquitous devices
– Digital Convergence
• Cases: London iBus, Ubiquitous Devices, Telecommunication..
• New Applications Areas:
• Science, Economy, Public Sectors, Education & Learning,
Entertainment, Socialization
• Challenges to these new e|m-* Applications
• performance, security, accessibility and adaptation

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Technologies
– Monks looked for..

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Technologies & Society:
– 1450 - Gutemberg created the press of movable
types
– 1650 - 80% of European people was illiterate
– 1750 – gauze was used to make paper
– 1850 – paper (from wood) produced in industrial
scale
400 years to read all the books!

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
dove.net (pombo-correio.net)
– Data network in the Middle Ages

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
Internet

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Moore Law
Disc: 2000x
CPU: 200x
RAM: 110x
Wireless: 11x
Battery: 2x

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Ubiquitous, Pervasive, Omnipresence…
– \"I think there is a market for maybe
five computers worldwide”
THOMAS J. WATSON, 1943
(International Business Machines )
– “The second important trend we are preparing for is
called ‘pervasive computing’. . .
So the networked world . . . will extend
further to interconnect perhaps a
trillion ‘intelligent’ devices”
LOUIS V. GERSTNER, JR., 1999

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Singularity: Moore-Jobs-Gates

history
history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Moore-Job-Gates
mainframes, servers ubiquitous devices
1:n 1:1 n:1
PCs
... ...
Singularity PC
1950 1980 1990 2000 2010

history new technologies
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• SW Development Platforms
– .NET Framework
• ASP.NET
– Web Forms
– J2EE
• generate JAVA interfaces for each different
ubiquitous device
Offer funcionality via Internet
using XML Web Service and its
open protocols:
SOAP + XML + HMTL

history new technologies
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• How to work with XML family?
– Constructing DTD / XML Schemas / BizTalk Schema, etc.
– Generating XML files for (XML) databases
– Using XML Schemas for XML Web Services
communication
– Formating XML files trhough XSL files
• to generate HTML – any Web browser
WAP – PDA and mobile phones
WML – PDA and mobile phones
VXML – PDA and mobile phones
PDF – any Web browser

history new technologies
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Social Web or Web 2.0
– Content and Communities
• blogs, wikis, links (del.ici.ous), images (flickr), videos (YouTube),
presentations (slideshare), e-mails (plaxo), social networks (orkut,
facebook, Hi5..), etc..
– AJAX technologies
• XHTML, CSS, DOM, XML, XMLHttpRequest, Javascript..
– SOA Architecture
• connect different applications sharing services
– XML Web Services
• XML,WSDL,SOAP,UDDI
• RSS syndication, etc..
• Syndication technologies
– XML
– RSS
– Podcast

history new technologies
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Wireless Networks
VOICE DATA
GLOBAL
SATELLITE INMARSAT-P
GLOBALSTAR
IRIDIUM
CONTINENTAL HF/ METEOR BURST ODYSSEY
TETRA TETRA
INTERNATIONAL V+D & DMO
GSM
NATIONAL
TACS
PMR & ETACS PAMR MOBITEX
MATS RD-LAP
REGIONAL NMT
URBAN UMTS
DAWS
LOCAL
Telepoint
SITE WiFi (IEEE 802.11 a, b, g)
MOBILITY
CT2/3 HIPERLAN
OFFICE
Bluetooth (IEEEDECT
802.15)
GROUP BROADCAST TELEPHONY STATUS TRAFFIC PACKET-DATA
CALL CALL SHORT DATA 9kb/s 28kb/s 144kb/s 2Mb/s 155Mb/s
DATA ISDN BISDN
INFORMATION (bit/s)

history new technologies
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• New Technologies
– “Near Field Communication” – NFC

history new technologies
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• “Near Field Communication” – NFC
http://www.ecma-international.org/activities/Communications/2004tg19-001.pdf
http://www.ecma-international.org/activities/Communications/2004tg19-001.pdf

history tecnologias
technologies informaticity new applications challenges
RFID readers
– “Old” technology
Antena
reader
module

history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• New RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Applications
RFID
reader
RFID
Smart server
Label
- Components -
management of demand,
smart label machine invoicing, accounting,
direct marketing, etc.

history technologies informaticity
informaticity new applications challenges
• Informaticity

history technologies informaticity
informaticity new applications challenges
• from Europeans directives
– IST Program, Key Actions 4 (2003)
Open Framework for
Services development and deployment, Personalised Services
(distribution and sharing)
Ubiquitous Computing
Fixed / mobile / broadcast networks
User-centred design
Augmented interfaces
High-capacity, self-aware,
self-organising networks
Integrated & adaptive networks
Sub- and Microsystems for communicating appliances & devices
System-On-a-Chip within networked systems
Reuse of IP blocks

history technologies informaticity
informaticity new applications challenges
• it was born some applications..
– iCEBOX
TV
Internet
DVD/CD
Radio FM
Home Video Monitoring
Touch Screen
Remote & Keyboard

history technologies digital convergence
informaticity new applications challenges
• First prototypes
iPhone
• Some results..
GPS
GSM
PDA
Camera

history technologies digital convergence
informaticity new applications challenges
• Real Project:
– London iBus
• £117m
• Buses in London
– 6,3 Million persons/day
– 17.500 buses stop
– 700 routes
– 8.000 buses
– 450 Millions km/year
– 15 private enterprise manage the
routes
• (…) Prague bus systems?
» Maybe you wanna develop digital
convergence services.. in the next 5 years?

history technologies digital convergence
informaticity new applications challenges
• iBus services (2007~2009)
– real time information
• SMS, into the buses, at stops..
– Bus GPS localization
– traffic lights priority
• GREEN when a bus is coming
– Driver can easily inform accidents, and crimes
– Timetable for next buses

history technologies convergencia digital
informaticity new applications challenges
http://www.tfl.gov.uk/buses/downloads/ibus-leaflet.pdf

history technologies ubiquitous devices
informaticity new applications challenges
• Another current services / applications
– embedding ICT in objects of every day use
IO-Brush, H. Ishii 2004 TV Espejo, Philips
– Handhelds, Wearables, Implants

history technologies ubiquitous devices
informaticity new applications challenges
– When we think in smart things,
devices should be:
• aware of user presence
• sensitive, adaptive and responsive to users
capabilities, needs, habits and emotions
• accessible via intuitive interaction

history technologies ubiquitous devices
informaticity new applications challenges
• Multimodal Systems
– Sensors
• visual, auditory, olfactory,
gustatory, somatic stimuli,
kinesthetic and
vestibular cues
– Control
• mouth, face, eyes, (full) body,
breath, biological reactions
(heart rate, skin resistancy,
muscle, neural activity, …)

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
content and services
enabling
+ Setting new requirements
devices and infrastructure

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
Application Domains
– Science
– Economy
– Public Sector
– Education and Training
– Entertainment
– Socializing

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Science
• Economía
• Sector Público • Current e|m
• Educación y (electronic | mobile)
Formación applications can add
value at:
• Entretenimiento
– Powerful Search
• Socialización
– Collaboration
– Presentation of Results
– Scientific Computing

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Added Value
– Remote Conferencing
– Virtual Private Networks
• Science – Location independent Data
Access
• Economy
– Integration of Business
Processes across
the value chain
Information negotiation transaction after-sales
Search Price, sales Payment, Customer
products conditions, delivery, Support
and terms of insurance
services practice

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• emerging XBRL
– eXtensible Business Reporting
Language
• Science • Change of PDF, MS Word and Excel
files by XBRL standards
• Economy – Facility to broad information
• Into enterprises devices like PDA,
mobile phones, laptops, and
desktop stations

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
Mobile Decision Support

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
RFID in the primary and secondary sectors
primary sector
enterprise
Secondary sector
enterprise
RFID RFID
Output Input
record record
RFID
tag

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
RFID use at shops
RFID antenna

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
RFID at service sector final client
Enterprise CRM
at third sector Mr. Tomas, we received a
new item that you would
like to buy!
Tomas
Look for
client profiles
The item that I bought
List valuables is #$”&!(“&#$ !!!
items Emilia
Milan
Don't worry Mr. Milan, could
you pass the item through
your RFID reader?

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
Another RFID applications

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
Why (not) to use RFID? Because..
positive negative
Increase productivity Client and product registries,
etc.
Less labour costs what means privacy
invasion
Store big quantity of data
Today Costs of
Best stock management implementation
CRM automatic process to
– Call-backs
78% of people is worried
– Guarantee
about Ethics of RFÎD use

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Added Value
– BP Reengineering
– Offering public services
• e|m-Government for
• Science Digital Citizenship
– Income tax
• Economy
– Work search
• Public Sector – Social security
– IDs, Passports
– Auto registry
– Constructing permissions
– Police declarations
– Public library
– Born and Wedding
certification
– Health services

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• e|m-Government for
• Science
Enterprises Services
• Economy – Public procurement
• Public Sector – Social contributions of
employers and workers
– registry of new enterprises
– Corporative income tax
– Customs declarations
– Environment licenses

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Science
Added Value
• Economy Personalised content
• Public Sector New ways of learning and
teachning
• Education and Training “from the sage on the
stage to the guide on the
side”

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Wireless Campus: University of Aveiro

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Seamless Location/Context Awareness

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
Added Value
online-gaming
Higher quality on digital media
consumer market
• Science From consumers to producers
• Economy
• Public Sector
• Education and Training
• Entertainment

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Sensor-Based Information Delivery
SMS Gateway
Access/
Delivery
Services
VCM
Ergebnis-
datenbank

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
• Science
• Economy
• Public Sector
• •
Education and Training Added Value
– Enrich quality of life
• Entertainment – Participation
• Socializing – From information media to
communication media

history technologies informaticity new applications
new applications challenges
April, 2007

history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Performance improvements
– Shorten response time
• From „best-effort“ to QoS guarantees
– Supporting interactivity
– Synchronsiation of different media
– Meet (near) Real Time constraints
• Technical Issues
– Encryption, authentication, integrity, …,
• Ethical and Legal Issues
– Privacy, Trust
– Laws of Conduct

history technologies informaticity new applications challenges
• Usability, Accessability
– ITC should overcome barriers, not create them
• User-oriented devices
• Ergonomic applications
• Support in handling
• Intuitive usage
• Automated adaptation vs. user control
– Personalisation and adaptation are key features of
mobile services and smart environments
• Enhance safety, ease usage, …
– To what degree should user stay in control
• Bad example: „Do you really want to …“
• Good example: Automotive industry

history technologies informaticity new applications conclusion
challenges
Epilogue “O saber deve ser como um rio, cujas águas doces,
grossas, copiosas, transbordem do indivíduo, e se
espraiem, estancando a sede dos outros... Sem um
fim social, o saber será a maior das futilidades ”
El saber debe ser como un río que mata la
sede de los otros..
Sin una finalidad social, el conocimiento
será la más importante de las
futilidades.
Knowledge should be like a river that
helps starving people.. Without a social
aim, knowledge will be the most
important futility.

history technologies informaticity new applications contacts
challenges
http://eatis.org/eatis2008
Aracaju, Brazil

history technologies informaticity new applications contacts
challenges
ufs.br
Student interchange
Collaboration protocols
Europe & Latin America
Computing Department, UFS
Micro Silicon Valley at Brazilian Northwest Coast

history technologies informaticity new applications contacts
challenges
Silicon Coast

history technologies informaticity new applications contacts
challenges
Contacts Děkuji, Thanks, Obrigado!
rogerio@ufs.br
http://www.linkedin.com/in/kdroger